中国第一批统计表的创制

统计表是表现和分析统计资料的重要工具。在统计资料的搜集、整理、分析、储存和传输中,都要应用统计表。统计表的发明为利用大量数据进行科学研究和经济管理提供了有效的途径。 统计表创制于何时何地?创始者是谁?有许多不同的说法。苏联学者M·V普图哈说:“I·K基洛夫于1726-1927年发明了国势学派的统计表式”,更多的学者认为统计表是丹麦历史学家H·P安彻逊创始的。在安彻逊1741年出版的《文明国家一览表》一书中,有一个包括15个欧洲国家的简表,表的主栏列有人口、领土、宗教、军事、行政组织、货币、度量衡等项目。

Improved performance of process monitoring based on selection of key principal components

Conventional principal component analysis(PCA) can obtain low-dimensional representations of original data space, but the selection of principal components(PCs) based on variance is subjective, which may lead to information loss and poor monitoring performance. To address dimension reduction and information preservation simultaneously, this paper proposes a novel PC selection scheme named full variable expression. On the basis of the proposed relevance of variables with each principal component, key principal components can be determined.All the key principal components serve as a low-dimensional representation of the entire original variables, preserving the information of original data space without information loss. A squared Mahalanobis distance, which is introduced as the monitoring statistic, is calculated directly in the key principal component space for fault detection. To test the modeling and monitoring performance of the proposed method, a numerical example and the Tennessee Eastman benchmark are used.

Correct Path-Integral Formulation of Quantum Thermal Field Theory in Coherent State Representation

The path-integral quantization of thermal scalar, vector, and spinor fields is performed newly in the coherent-state representation. In doing this, we choose the thermal electrodynamics and psi(4) theory as,examples. By this quantization, correct expressions of the partition functions and the generating functionals for the quantum thermal electrodynamics and psi(4) theory are obtained in the coherent-state representation. These expressions allow us to perform analytical calculations of the partition functions and generating functionals and therefore are useful in practical applications. Especially, the perturbative expansions of the generating functionals are derived specifically by virtue of the stationary-phase method. The generating functionals formulated in the position space are re-derived from the ones given in the coherent-state representation.

Performance Analysis of Physical Layer Security over α-η-κ-μ Fading Channels

In this paper, we consider the secure data transmission over α-η-κ-μ fading channels, which are recently proposed to encompass nearly all the well-known statistical models adopted in the literature. In particular, we address the secrecy performance in terms of the average secrecy capacity(ASC) and the secrecy outage probability(SOP), for which novel analytical expressions are derived. Simulation results verify the analysis and demonstrate the impact of the physical parameters on the secrecy performance of this new channel fading model.

Acquiring synonymous attribute phrases for named entities via online encyclopedia

In this work,an approach is proposed to acquire synonymous attribute phrases of named entities(NEs) from an online encyclopedia.Synonymous attribute phrases are the phrases that express the same attribute with different surface forms for a class of NEs.Specifically,the proposed approach is composed of three stages.Firstly,the entries related to a given NE class are automatically selected from an online encyclopedia.Secondly,attribute phrases are extracted based on the statistics of phrase frequency.Thirdly,synonymous attributes are identified in a pairwise manner through a classification framework combining multiple features.The proposed approach is applied on Baidu Baike,a Chinese online encyclopedia,for four different NE classes.Experimental results show that the approach obtains an average precision of 74%and an average F-value of 65%for the four NE classes.In particular,thousands of synonymous attribute phrase pairs are acquired for each class,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Clinical Significance of CENP-H Expression in Uterine Cervical Cancer

Objective This work aims to investigate the expression pattern and clinicopathologic significance of centromere protein H(CENP-H) in uterine cervical cancer(UCC). Methods The level of CENP-H expression in the paraffin sections of 62 UCC cases was determined by the SP immunohistochemical method,with complete clinicopathologic data in all cases.Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the prognostic and diagnostic significance of CENP-H using SPSS13.0 software package. Results Immunohistochemical assay showed strong CENP-H expression in 61.29% (38/62) of the paraffin-embedded cervical cancer tissues.Statistical analysis revealed a strong correlation between the CENP-H expression and the clinical classification(P=0.038) of the cervical carcinoma.The expression increased with rise of the stages.The analysis of Cox proportional hazards regression model suggested that CENP-H expression(P=0.002) and tumor stage(P=0.001) were independent prognostic markers for the survival of UCC patients.The survival analysis showed that the survival rate was significantly lower in patients with high expression of CENP-H than in those with low expression of CENP-H(P=0.001). Conclusions CENP-H is likely to be a valuable marker for carcinogenesis and progression of UCC.It might be used as the important diagnostic and prognostic marker for cervical carcinoma patients,especially for those at early stage.

Modeling of shear wave velocity in limestone by soft computing methods

The main purpose of current study is development of an intelligent model for estimation of shear wave velocity in limestone. Shear wave velocity is one of the most important rock dynamic parameters. Because rocks have complicated structure, direct determination of this parameter takes time, spends expenditure and requires accuracy. On the other hand, there are no precise equations for indirect determination of it; most of them are empirical. By using data sets of several dams of Iran and neuro-genetic, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system （ANFIS）, and gene expression programming （GEP） methods, models are rendered for prediction of shear wave velocity in limestone. Totally, 516 sets of data has been used for modeling. From these data sets, 413 ones have been utilized for building the intelligent model, and 103 have been used for their performance evaluation. Compressional wave velocity （Vp）, density （7） and porosity （.n）, were considered as input parameters. Respectively, the amount of R for neuro-genetic and ANFIS networks was 0.959 and 0.963. In addition, by using GEP, three equations are obtained; the best of them has 0.958R. ANFIS shows the best prediction results, whereas GEP indicates proper equations. Because these equations have accuracy, they could be used for prediction of shear wave velocity for limestone in the future.

FEM Edge Effect and Capacitance Evaluation on Cylindrical Capacitors

The purpose of this paper is to show the influence of the edge-effect on the electric field distribution, and hence on the inner capacitance and outer capacitance of a cylindrical capacitor surrounded by an insulating medium. To generalize the results, a two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model of a cylindrical capacitor has been generated and the problem has been resolved taking into account the distance between the conductors for a complete set of dimensions. The available obtained results have been compared with previous published works. Finally, using statistical tools, the mathematical expression for computing the relationship between capacitance and insulation gap and cylindrical plates dimensions has been obtained.

有心人——记邬兆定同志二三事

我同老邬的交往已有三十多年的历史了,相知甚深.我感到,同一般的统计工作者相比,老邬有更多的“勤笔免思”的习惯.听说老邬的笔记本很多,一次,我曾约略地翻看了他的收支帐、卡片。