Objective To compare the therapeutic effects and safety of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency(RF) ablation used during cardiac surgery to treat atrial fibrillation.Methods We retrospectively studied a total of 81 pa...Objective To compare the therapeutic effects and safety of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency(RF) ablation used during cardiac surgery to treat atrial fibrillation.Methods We retrospectively studied a total of 81 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who underwent open cardiac surgery with concomitant RF ablation between January 2007 and March 2011.Fifty-eight patients received bipolar RF ablation and 23 received monopolar RF ablation,respectively.The sinus rhythm restoration rate,the procedural duration,the frequency of severe perioperative complications,and mortality were compared between the two groups.Results The sinus rhythm restoration rate did not differ significantly between the two groups after follow-up of 15.1 ± 12.6 months(P=0.199).The frequencies of severe perioperative complications and mortality were also similar in the two groups.The total procedural time using bipolar RF ablation was significantly shorter than that using monopolar ablation(19.7±4.6 minutes vs.28.1±8.5 minutes,P< 0.001).Conclusions Both monopolar and bipolar RF ablation are safe and effective in treating chronic atrial fibrillation patients during open cardiac surgery,but bipolar RF ablation is more convenient in practice.展开更多
The effect of three stocking densities, ranging from 30 to 44 kg product per m2 on the performance, behaviour and welfare indexes in broiler chicken was investigated. Scan sampling for comparative behavior in all grou...The effect of three stocking densities, ranging from 30 to 44 kg product per m2 on the performance, behaviour and welfare indexes in broiler chicken was investigated. Scan sampling for comparative behavior in all groups was carried out at 2 min intervals during 2-20 min periods for five days each week. It was found that the most common behaviour in all densities was lying （resting）, lying and standing behaviour was tended to increase in H than L group of all experimental period. Pecking behaviour was not constantly changed by stocking density. Locomotion was not only reduced with increasing age but increase stocking density of all experimental period and all groups. Body weight gain and feed efficient were, tend to increase in L than H group of 2 to 3 weeks ages, higher in L than H group （P 〈 0.05） of 4 to 5 weeks ages and all experimental period. Other behaviours （dustbathing, preening, eating or drinking） were not influenced （P 〉 0.05） by stocking density. It seems that gait, foot pad and hock burn score were improved in L than H group of 35 days age （P 〈 0.05）. The claw length of 21 days age was not affected by stocking density, but it was significantly different by stocking density of 35 days age （P 〈 0.05）. The duration of tonic immobility （TI-reaction） was tended to decreased age of 21 than 35 days, but not effected by stocking density. These data indicate that stocking density can influence broiler behaviour and welfare indexes.展开更多
文摘Objective To compare the therapeutic effects and safety of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency(RF) ablation used during cardiac surgery to treat atrial fibrillation.Methods We retrospectively studied a total of 81 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who underwent open cardiac surgery with concomitant RF ablation between January 2007 and March 2011.Fifty-eight patients received bipolar RF ablation and 23 received monopolar RF ablation,respectively.The sinus rhythm restoration rate,the procedural duration,the frequency of severe perioperative complications,and mortality were compared between the two groups.Results The sinus rhythm restoration rate did not differ significantly between the two groups after follow-up of 15.1 ± 12.6 months(P=0.199).The frequencies of severe perioperative complications and mortality were also similar in the two groups.The total procedural time using bipolar RF ablation was significantly shorter than that using monopolar ablation(19.7±4.6 minutes vs.28.1±8.5 minutes,P< 0.001).Conclusions Both monopolar and bipolar RF ablation are safe and effective in treating chronic atrial fibrillation patients during open cardiac surgery,but bipolar RF ablation is more convenient in practice.
文摘The effect of three stocking densities, ranging from 30 to 44 kg product per m2 on the performance, behaviour and welfare indexes in broiler chicken was investigated. Scan sampling for comparative behavior in all groups was carried out at 2 min intervals during 2-20 min periods for five days each week. It was found that the most common behaviour in all densities was lying （resting）, lying and standing behaviour was tended to increase in H than L group of all experimental period. Pecking behaviour was not constantly changed by stocking density. Locomotion was not only reduced with increasing age but increase stocking density of all experimental period and all groups. Body weight gain and feed efficient were, tend to increase in L than H group of 2 to 3 weeks ages, higher in L than H group （P 〈 0.05） of 4 to 5 weeks ages and all experimental period. Other behaviours （dustbathing, preening, eating or drinking） were not influenced （P 〉 0.05） by stocking density. It seems that gait, foot pad and hock burn score were improved in L than H group of 35 days age （P 〈 0.05）. The claw length of 21 days age was not affected by stocking density, but it was significantly different by stocking density of 35 days age （P 〈 0.05）. The duration of tonic immobility （TI-reaction） was tended to decreased age of 21 than 35 days, but not effected by stocking density. These data indicate that stocking density can influence broiler behaviour and welfare indexes.
