维生素A（VA）是维持机体生命所必需的营养物质，维生素A缺乏（vitamin A deficiency，VAD）是世界范围内，尤其是发展中国家最常见的微量营养素缺乏症之一，妇女和儿童是最容易受VAD影响的人群，VAD与孕妇和胎儿健康及儿童生长发育，...维生素A（VA）是维持机体生命所必需的营养物质，维生素A缺乏（vitamin A deficiency，VAD）是世界范围内，尤其是发展中国家最常见的微量营养素缺乏症之一，妇女和儿童是最容易受VAD影响的人群，VAD与孕妇和胎儿健康及儿童生长发育，机体免疫功能都有很重要的联系。展开更多
Early studies had suggested that vitamin D intake was inversely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer＇s disease and multiple sclerosis. However, the associations of vitamin D intake and outdoo...Early studies had suggested that vitamin D intake was inversely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer＇s disease and multiple sclerosis. However, the associations of vitamin D intake and outdoor activities with Parkinson＇s disease（PD） are still unclear, so this study is to evaluate these relationships from a case-control study in elderly Chinese. The study population involved 209 cases with new onsets of PD and 210 controls without neurodegenerative diseases. The data on dietary vitamin D and outdoor activities were collected using a food-frequency questionnaire and self-report questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between dietary outdoor activities, vitamin D intake and PD. Adjustment was made for sex, age, smoking, alcohol use, education, and body mass index（BMI）. Adjusted odds ratios（ORs） for PD in quartiles for outdoor physical activity were 1（reference）, 0.739（0.413, 1.321）, 0.501（0.282, 0.891）, and 0.437（0.241, 0.795）, respectively（P=0.002 for trend）. Adjusted ORs for PD in quartiles for total vitamin D intake were 1（reference）, 0.647（0.357, 1.170）, 0.571（0.318, 1.022）, and 0.538（0.301, 0.960）, respectively（P=0.011 for trend）. Our study suggested that outdoor activity and total vitamin D intake were inversely associated with PD, and outdoor activity seems to be more significantly associated with decreased risk for PD.展开更多
文摘转移性血管钙化和全身迁徙性钙质沉着症,作为甲状旁腺功能增强或甲状旁腺功能亢进(简称:甲旁亢)较为严重的并发症,已在肾性继发性甲旁亢或原发性甲旁亢患者中引起重视,但其在钙摄入不足和(或)维生素D缺乏/不足(calcium and/or vitamin D insufficiency,CVI)所致长期负钙平衡相关甲状旁腺功能增强(亚临床甲旁亢)或亢进的患者中仍少有关注。人群中普遍存在CVI,长期CVI引起的低血钙和负钙平衡所致甲状旁腺功能增强或亢进,分泌超过生理水平的PTH,使骨吸收、大量骨钙释放入血,在导致骨量流失和骨质疏松的同时,还可形成转移性血管钙化或全身钙质沉着症,引起心血管疾病等多器官病变。早期的钙盐沉积经合理治疗多可逐步消退,而动脉中层钙化一旦发生不易消退,故临床对血管钙化和钙盐沉着应予以积极预防和早期筛查诊治。对甲状旁腺功能增强或亢进的预防及早期诊治有能防止或延缓,甚至逆转转移性血管钙化和全身迁徙性钙质沉着症的发生和发展,对此类疾病的防治和人群健康有重要意义。
文摘Early studies had suggested that vitamin D intake was inversely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer＇s disease and multiple sclerosis. However, the associations of vitamin D intake and outdoor activities with Parkinson＇s disease（PD） are still unclear, so this study is to evaluate these relationships from a case-control study in elderly Chinese. The study population involved 209 cases with new onsets of PD and 210 controls without neurodegenerative diseases. The data on dietary vitamin D and outdoor activities were collected using a food-frequency questionnaire and self-report questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between dietary outdoor activities, vitamin D intake and PD. Adjustment was made for sex, age, smoking, alcohol use, education, and body mass index（BMI）. Adjusted odds ratios（ORs） for PD in quartiles for outdoor physical activity were 1（reference）, 0.739（0.413, 1.321）, 0.501（0.282, 0.891）, and 0.437（0.241, 0.795）, respectively（P=0.002 for trend）. Adjusted ORs for PD in quartiles for total vitamin D intake were 1（reference）, 0.647（0.357, 1.170）, 0.571（0.318, 1.022）, and 0.538（0.301, 0.960）, respectively（P=0.011 for trend）. Our study suggested that outdoor activity and total vitamin D intake were inversely associated with PD, and outdoor activity seems to be more significantly associated with decreased risk for PD.
