维生素E对藜芦生物碱引起的小鼠脑神经DNA损伤的干预作用

[目的]研究维生素E对藜芦生物碱引起的小鼠脑神经DNA损伤的干预作用。[方法]将昆明系雄性小鼠随机分为空白对照组、藜芦生物碱给药高剂量组、藜芦生物碱给药低剂量组、藜芦生物碱高剂量+VE组和藜芦生物碱低剂量+VE组。各组按设计剂量灌胃给药,连续7 d。末次给药1 h后进行彗星实验、HE染色切片,观察分析结果,并检测对GSH酶活力的影响。[结果]藜芦生物碱引起小鼠小脑和大脑皮层细胞DNA的损伤,且呈现剂量依赖性,组织切片进一步证明细胞核出现变形。维生素E减轻了藜芦生物碱引起的脑细胞DNA单链断裂水平。同时,组织切片细胞核形态较完整、排列规则,GSH-PX酶的活性升高。[结论]维生素E对藜芦生物碱引起的小鼠脑细胞DNA氧化损伤具有重要的保护作用。

Antioxidants vitamin E and C attenuate hepatic fibrosis in biliary-obstructed rats

AIM： To investigate whether antioxidants vitamin E and C can retard development of hepatic fibrosis in the bilian/obstructed rats. METHODS： Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups （10 rats in each）. Bile duct was ligated in 40 rats and they were treated as follows： group vitC, vitamin C 10 mg/kg sc daily; group vitE, vitamin E 15 mg/kg sc daily; group vitEC, both of the vitamins; bile duct-ligated （BDL, control） group, physiological saline sc. The fifth group was assigned to sham operation. At the end of fourth week, the rats were decapitated, and hepatic tissue biochemical collagen content and collagen surface area were measured. Hepatic tissue specimens were histopathologically evaluated according to Scheuer system. Serum hyaluronate levels were measured by ELISA method. RESULTS： Despite being higher than sham group, hepatic collagen level was significantly decreased in each of the vitC, vitE and vitEC groups （32.7 ± 1.2, 33.8 ± 2.9, 36.7 ± 0.5 ）μg collagen/mg protein, respectively） compared to BDL （48.3 ± 0.6 mg collagen/g protein） （P 〈 0.001 for each vitamin group）. Each isolated vitamin C, isolated vitamin E and combined vitamin E/C supplementation prevented the increase in hepatic collagen surface density （7.0% ± 1.1%, 6.2% ± 1.7%, 12.3% ± 2.0%, respectively） compared to BDL （17.4% ± 5.6%） （P 〈 0.05 for each）. The same beneficial effect of vitamin C, vitamin E and combined vitamin E/C treatment was also observed on the decrease of serum hyaluronate levels compared to BDL group （P 〈 0.001）. The relative liver and spleen weights, serum transaminases, cholestatic enzymes, bilirubins and histopathological inflammation scores were not different between the antioxidant treatment groups and the control. However, fibrosis staging scores were obviously reduced only in the vitamin E/C combination group （vit EC： 2.4 ± 0.8 vs BDL： 3.1 ± 0.7; P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Each antioxidant vitamin E, vitamin C and their combination retard hepatic fibrosis in biliary-obstructed rats. Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis in secondary biliary cirrhosis.

Protective Effects of Vitamin E on Diabetes-induced Oxidative Stress Status and Homocysteine in the Rat Heart

Objective： We aimed to investigate protective effects ofvit E on oxidative stress status and homocysteine （Hey） in cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. Methods： Sixteen Wistar male rats were treated with STZ （streptozotocin） （60 mg/kg） to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats were divided into two groups： NTD （non-treated diabetic） and VETD （vit E-treated diabetic） rats. The VETD group received 300 mg/kg vit E with daily feeding. Eight normal rats of the same age were used as the control group. After 6 weeks, the rats were anesthetized, their cardiac tissue was removed, and homogenated supernatant was separated. Samples were assayed for TAC （total antioxidant capacity）, LPO （lipid peroxidation）, nitrite （NO2）, nitrate （NO3）, and Hcy. Key Findings： The contents of LPO, NO3 and Hcy in NTD compared to control group indicate a significant increase, but the levels of these parameters decreased in VETD （p 〈 0.05）. There was a significant decrease in the amount of TAC in the NTD group but in VETD group, that significantly increased （p 〈 0.05）. The amount of NO2 in NTD and VETD groups, compared to the control group, did not show any significant changes （p 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： Significant decrease of oxidative stress and Hey in the cardiac tissue caused by vit E supplementation strongly indicated that this radical scavenger may promote a protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy through the attenuation of oxidative stress and increase antioxidant defense mechanism.

Synthesis of the dl-ξ-Thiotocopherol： Newest Derivative of the dl-a-Tocopherol

Tocopherol is the most active vitamin and natural antioxidant existing in the nature known as vitamin E. Lacking of this vitamin makes drastic exchanges on the health of the living organisms. Their active chemical form is l-α-tocopherol substance. In this article, α-thiotocopherol a tocopherol derivative was synthesized via a precursor like dl-α-tocopherol, which has better antioxidant than natural α-tocopherol. And the last compound after separation and purification via TLC and PC procedures was analyzed by FTIR, GC-MS and elemental analysis, oxidative stability is tested with TGA method in air showing roughly antioxidant effect. Another approach is measurment of redox potential against a reference electrode under inert nitrogen atmosphere.

Enrichment of Organic-Inorganic Se and Vitamin E in Quail Products and Its Effect on the Performances and Source of Antioxidant in Quails＇ Eggs

This study aimed to get an optimum level of combined organic selenium, inorganic selenium and vitamin E in obtaining the best production and reproduction of quails as well as the highest antioxidant level in quail eggs. Seven hundred twenty quails （360 females and 360 males） at the age of six weeks old were used in this research. Nine treatment diets were： To （commercial diet/control）, Tl （diet containing 0.46 ppm inorganic Se ＋ 43.50 ppm vitamin E）, T2 （diet containing 0.46 ppm inorganic Se ＋ 87.00 ppm vitamin E）, T3 （diet containing 0.92 ppm inorganic Se ＋ 43.50 ppm vitamin E）, T4 （diet containing 0.92 ppm inorganic Se ＋87.00 ppm vitamin E）, Ts （diet containing 0.46 ppm organic Se ＋ 43.50 ppm vitamin E）, T6 （diet containing 0.46 ppm organic Se ＋ 87.00 ppm vitamin E）, T7 （diet containing 0.92 ppm organic Se ＋ 43.50 vitamin E） and Ts （diet containing 0.92 ppm organic Se 0.92 ＋ 87.00 ppm vitamin E）. The design of the experiment was a factorial nested design. Any significant differences among the treatments were analyzed by using Duncan＇s test. The results of this study indicated that 0.92 ppm organic selenium ＋ 43.50 ppm vitamin E （T7） in general gave the highest content of selenium in meat, in egg albumin, and in egg yolk as well as hatchability. The antioxidants as represented by vitamin E and glutathione peroxidase enzyme in the quail eggs were significantly higher as compared to that of quails fed other treatment diets.