Based on the theory of data envelopment analysis, this paper sets up the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis （DEA） model. It makes use of the model to evaluate efficiency of equipment shared by universities i...Based on the theory of data envelopment analysis, this paper sets up the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis （DEA） model. It makes use of the model to evaluate efficiency of equipment shared by universities in Tianjin. It explored database of many universities and put forward suggestions to improve the efficiency of equipment shared by universities at present.展开更多
Objective To explore the treatment, procedure related risks, and outcomes of patients older than 90 years of age undergoing cardiac catheterization. Methods We retrospectively studied 32 patients ≥ 90 years （93.0 &#...Objective To explore the treatment, procedure related risks, and outcomes of patients older than 90 years of age undergoing cardiac catheterization. Methods We retrospectively studied 32 patients ≥ 90 years （93.0 ± 1.2 years） who underwent cardiac catheterisation in a tertiary specialist hospital （0.2% of 14,892 procedures during three years）. The results were compared to a patient cohort younger than 90 years of age. Results Baseline characteristics revealed a higher prevalence of diabetes （P 〈 0.001）, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （P 〈 0.04）, previous myocardial infarction （P 〈 0.02）, and complex coronary anatomy （SYNTAX score 33 vs. 19） in nonagenarians. Patients 〈 90 years of age showed more hyperlipidemia （P 〈 0.01） and previous percutaneous coronary interventions （P 〈 0.015）. Nonagenarians underwent coronary angiography more often for acute coronary syndrome （ACS） （P 〈 0.003）, were presented more often in cardiogenic shock （P 〈 0.003）, and were transferred faster to coronary angiography in cases ofACS （P 〈 0.0001）. The observed in-hospital mortality rate （13% study group vs. 1% control group; P 〈 0.003） in nonagenarians was lower than the calculated rate of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction （TIMI） and global registry of acute cardiac events （GRACE） mortality and strongly influenced by the severity of clinical presentation and the presence of co-morbidities. Conclusion Despite the common scepticism that cardiac catheterisation exposes patients 〉 90 years to an unwarranted risk, our data demonstrate an acceptable incidence of complications and mortality in this group of patients.展开更多
Pharmaceutical comprehensive study(PCS) is a new system of experimental teaching in China, which integrates multidisciplinary pharmaceutical knowledge and covers the basic process of new drug discovery. To explore the...Pharmaceutical comprehensive study(PCS) is a new system of experimental teaching in China, which integrates multidisciplinary pharmaceutical knowledge and covers the basic process of new drug discovery. To explore the feasibility of this experiment teaching system and mode, we developed PCS as an elective course. The PCS is designed with two sections: pharmaceutical comprehensive design(PCD) and pharmaceutical comprehensive experiment(PCE). The PCD section includes literature review, comprehensive project design and oral examination. PCE can be divided into four parts: synthesis, quantitative determination, pharmacodynamic evaluation, and formulation and quality determination. Course grade was determined by experimental performance, written report, literature review, new project design and oral examination. The learning interest, experimental ability, theoretical level and literature retrieval ability, team spirit and interpersonal skills have been all significantly improved among students taking this course. A survey was administered at the end of the semester to the enrolled students. The responses were reported as percentages, and the feedback was positive. The course was highly recommended by the teaching inspection committee. This new course plays an important role in developing students’ creativity and comprehensive ability. It could help students understand the focus and features of every secondary discipline, as well as establish scientific and reasonable knowledge system. Most students can better understand the process of drug research after this course.展开更多
Despite their key role as model organisms in many behavioral studies, crustacean decapods have been only slightly touched upon by the recent surge of scientific interest in animal personality. Only seven articles inve...Despite their key role as model organisms in many behavioral studies, crustacean decapods have been only slightly touched upon by the recent surge of scientific interest in animal personality. Only seven articles investigated the issue in a handful of species among hermit crabs, crabs, and crayfish. Obviously, a limited number of publications does not mean that personality is rare in decapods. On the contrary, few studies might be the result of a form of reluctance by behavioral ecologists to deal with such a phenomenon in these and other invertebrates. This reluctance contrasts with the enthusiasm shown in tackling the beha- vioral plasticity issue. Here we discuss the possible theoretical and methodological difficulties raised by applying the animal per-sonality perspective to decapods and analyze implications of personality studies for their ecology, conservation, and welfare. By highlighting gaps in knowledge and directions of future research, our intention is to increase scientific emphasis on the issue.展开更多
文摘Based on the theory of data envelopment analysis, this paper sets up the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis （DEA） model. It makes use of the model to evaluate efficiency of equipment shared by universities in Tianjin. It explored database of many universities and put forward suggestions to improve the efficiency of equipment shared by universities at present.
文摘Objective To explore the treatment, procedure related risks, and outcomes of patients older than 90 years of age undergoing cardiac catheterization. Methods We retrospectively studied 32 patients ≥ 90 years （93.0 ± 1.2 years） who underwent cardiac catheterisation in a tertiary specialist hospital （0.2% of 14,892 procedures during three years）. The results were compared to a patient cohort younger than 90 years of age. Results Baseline characteristics revealed a higher prevalence of diabetes （P 〈 0.001）, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （P 〈 0.04）, previous myocardial infarction （P 〈 0.02）, and complex coronary anatomy （SYNTAX score 33 vs. 19） in nonagenarians. Patients 〈 90 years of age showed more hyperlipidemia （P 〈 0.01） and previous percutaneous coronary interventions （P 〈 0.015）. Nonagenarians underwent coronary angiography more often for acute coronary syndrome （ACS） （P 〈 0.003）, were presented more often in cardiogenic shock （P 〈 0.003）, and were transferred faster to coronary angiography in cases ofACS （P 〈 0.0001）. The observed in-hospital mortality rate （13% study group vs. 1% control group; P 〈 0.003） in nonagenarians was lower than the calculated rate of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction （TIMI） and global registry of acute cardiac events （GRACE） mortality and strongly influenced by the severity of clinical presentation and the presence of co-morbidities. Conclusion Despite the common scepticism that cardiac catheterisation exposes patients 〉 90 years to an unwarranted risk, our data demonstrate an acceptable incidence of complications and mortality in this group of patients.
基金The Education and Teaching Research Project of Peking University Health Science Center
文摘Pharmaceutical comprehensive study(PCS) is a new system of experimental teaching in China, which integrates multidisciplinary pharmaceutical knowledge and covers the basic process of new drug discovery. To explore the feasibility of this experiment teaching system and mode, we developed PCS as an elective course. The PCS is designed with two sections: pharmaceutical comprehensive design(PCD) and pharmaceutical comprehensive experiment(PCE). The PCD section includes literature review, comprehensive project design and oral examination. PCE can be divided into four parts: synthesis, quantitative determination, pharmacodynamic evaluation, and formulation and quality determination. Course grade was determined by experimental performance, written report, literature review, new project design and oral examination. The learning interest, experimental ability, theoretical level and literature retrieval ability, team spirit and interpersonal skills have been all significantly improved among students taking this course. A survey was administered at the end of the semester to the enrolled students. The responses were reported as percentages, and the feedback was positive. The course was highly recommended by the teaching inspection committee. This new course plays an important role in developing students’ creativity and comprehensive ability. It could help students understand the focus and features of every secondary discipline, as well as establish scientific and reasonable knowledge system. Most students can better understand the process of drug research after this course.
文摘Despite their key role as model organisms in many behavioral studies, crustacean decapods have been only slightly touched upon by the recent surge of scientific interest in animal personality. Only seven articles investigated the issue in a handful of species among hermit crabs, crabs, and crayfish. Obviously, a limited number of publications does not mean that personality is rare in decapods. On the contrary, few studies might be the result of a form of reluctance by behavioral ecologists to deal with such a phenomenon in these and other invertebrates. This reluctance contrasts with the enthusiasm shown in tackling the beha- vioral plasticity issue. Here we discuss the possible theoretical and methodological difficulties raised by applying the animal per-sonality perspective to decapods and analyze implications of personality studies for their ecology, conservation, and welfare. By highlighting gaps in knowledge and directions of future research, our intention is to increase scientific emphasis on the issue.
