溶胶-凝胶法制备ZrO_2缓冲膜的研究

本文用溶胶-凝胶技术，以无机盐氧氯化锆（ZrOCl2·8H2O）为前驱体，在不锈钢表面上制备了含SiO2相的ZrO2缓冲膜，并用真空蒸镀法在其上沉积一层厚度为150nm的金膜．通过XRD、FTIR、SEM及AES等测试手段对ZrO2缓冲膜的性能及其热处理过程中的物理化学变化进行了表征.结果表明；不锈钢箔基体上的四方ZrO2膜在（200）晶面上有择优取向的特点，缓冲膜与基体之间存在着一定程度的互扩散作用．同时，法向热发射率的测试结果表明，850℃热处理后材料仍能保持极低的热发射率（ε=0．043），说明缓冲膜有效地阻挡了金膜与基体之间的高温互扩散作用．

塑料大棚棚顶通风口设置缓冲膜及晚秋和早春通风注意事项

在晚秋和早春季,因外界气温较低,塑料大棚封闭时间增长,棚内湿度也随之增加,若通风管理不当,容易导致蔬菜出现病害多发、果实皴皮、叶片干边和伤根等现象。本文主要介绍了棚顶放风口下方风向转移缓冲膜的设计方法及在晚秋和早春季塑料大棚通风换气注意事项。

纳米ZrO_2缓冲膜的性能研究

用溶胶 -凝胶技术 ,在金膜与基体不锈钢箔之间制备了一层ZrO2 缓冲膜。在前期研究工作的基础上 ,通过TEM、AES、SEM等测试手段对ZrO2 缓冲膜的结构及性能进行了表征。结果表明 ,溶胶 -凝胶法制备的ZrO2 缓冲膜的粒度尺寸为纳米级 ;850℃热处理后 ,没有涂覆缓冲膜的蒸金不锈钢箔与金膜之间存在着严重的互扩散反应 ,缓冲膜的涂覆可以有效地抑制高温互扩散反应。带有缓冲膜的蒸金不锈钢箔在高温热处理后仍能保持清晰的Au/ZrO2/SS“三明治”结构及较为光滑平整的富金表面形貌。

覆膜缓冲空间对农宅室内光热环境的影响——以辽中地区为例

利用Design Builder和Ecotect软件,模拟分析覆膜缓冲空间的材料、构造、尺寸等对农宅室内光热环境和能耗变化的影响。研究结果表明:PO膜材质的倾角式缓冲空间对农宅室内光热环境的营造效果最好,且缓冲空间的最佳进深设计范围为1.5~1.7 m,此时农宅供暖总能耗较未增设缓冲空间时约降低53%;相较于增加围护结构保温层,覆膜缓冲空间具有成本低、节能效果好的优势,静态投资回收期约为2.5 a,适合在农村地区推广使用。

ETFE氟聚合物助力地铁站

据www．britishplastics．co．uk报道，在伦敦的卡纳里（Canary）码头在建的地铁站选择3M公司的氟塑料乙烯四氟乙烯（ETFE）作为建材。该站台有3层楼，商店和餐馆都位于水位以下，水面上仍有一部分和半开放的天台花园。30m高、310m长的木屋顶了覆盖780张缓冲膜衬里，该缓冲膜选用3M公司Dyneon挤成型的氟塑料ETFE。

Growth of CuI buffer layer prepared by spraying method

CuI thin films with nano-scale grains of about 35nm were deposited via spraying method with using acetonitrile as solvent. The influence of iodine doping concentration in acetonitrile solution on the structure, topographic and optical properties of CuI thin films was investigated. X-ray diffraction results showed that CuI iodine-doped films doped CuI：I2 were in γ-phase of zinc blende structure with （111） preferential plane. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the microstructure of CuI films depended on the relative amount of doping iodine in the solution. When the iodine doping amount in acetonitrile solution was 0.025 g, the film was uniform and compact, the optical transmittance was 75.4% in the part of visible region and the energy band gap was close to 2.96 eV.

Preparation of YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) superconducting thick film on Ni-W tapes via electrophoretic deposition

The preparation of La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 （LSTO） buffer layer and YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO） superconducting thick film by a low cost technology was studied. The crystal orientation of LSTO and YBCO films was detected by X-ray diffraction, the conductivity of LSTO film and superconductivity of YBCO coating were investigated by standard four-probe method. Excellent in-plane alignment, smooth and dense LSTO buffer layer was successfully prepared on textured Ni-W taps by metal organic deposition （MOD）. YBCO thick film was fabricated by electrophoretic deposition （EPD）. The effects of applied voltage and deposition time on the YBCO coatings properties were studied. The results show that the critical current density of the YBCO coating deposited under 138 V for 35 min was about 600 A/cm2 （0 T, 77 K）.

棚室蔬菜冬季通风技巧

近年来，很多种植户由于通风不当，大棚蔬菜出现了果实皴皮、叶片干边和伤根等现象，因此带来了不必要的损失。那么，大棚通风有哪些技巧呢？1．放风口下设置缓冲膜。在放风口下设置缓冲膜，不仅可以防止棚外草帘上的杂草、尘土等进入棚中，落到植株的叶片上，影响蔬菜光合作用。

Biological,antibacterial activities and electrochemical behavior of borided commercially pure titanium in BSA-containing PBS

The effects of boride coating on the bioactivity, antibacterial activity, and electrochemical behavior of commercially pure titanium(CP-Ti) in phosphate buffer solution(PBS) with bovine serum albumin(BSA) were studied. The grazing incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXRD) pattern confirmed the formation of a Ti B/Ti B2 coating via boriding process. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) observation indicated that the Ti B2 cross-linked particles covered the Ti B whiskers. Water contact angle measurements revealed that boriding led to the formation of a surface with intermediate water affinity. Potentiodynamic polarization(PDP) assays demonstrated that the Ti B/Ti B2 coating had acceptable passivation behavior in BSA-containing PBS. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) measurements revealed that the passivation behavior of the CP-Ti and the borided samples was improved by increasing exposure time. Based on the Mott-Schottky(M-S) tests, it was realized that the charge carriers of passive films of both samples decreased with increasing exposure time in BSA-containing PBS. The bioactivity test results in a simulated body fluid showed that the Ti B/Ti B2 coating switched the CP-Ti from bioinert to bioactive material. Finally, the antibacterial activity test of the Ti B/Ti B2 coating against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus indicated 99% antibacterial activity.

Significant Enhancement in Built-in Potential and Charge Carrier Collection of Organic Solar Cells using 4-（5-hexylthiophene-2-yl）-2,6-bis（5- trifluoromethyl）thiophen-2-yl）pyridine as a Cathode Buffer Layer

An electron transporting material of TFTTP （4-（5-hexylthiophene-2-yl）-2,6-bis（5-trifluoromethyl）thiophen-2-yl）pyridine） was investigated as a cathode buffer layer to enhance the power efficiency of organic solar cells （OSCs） based on subphthalocyanine and C60. The overall power conversion efficiency was increased by a factor of 1.31 by inserting the TFTTP interfacial layer between the active layer and metallic cathode. The inner mechanism responsible for the performance enhancement of OSCs was systematically studied with the simulation of dark diode behavior and optical field distribution inside the devices as well as the characterization of device photocurrent. The results showed that the TFTTP layer could significantly increase the built-in potential in the devices, leading to the enhanced dissociation of charge transfer excitons. In addition, by using TFTTP as the buffer layer, a better Ohmic contact at C60/metal interface was formed, facilitating more efficient free charge carrier collection.

The properties of CdTe solar cells with ZnTe/ZnTe: Cu buffer layers

CdS/CdTe solar cells with ZnTe/ZnTe： Cu buffer layers were fabricated and studied. The energy band structure of it was analyzed. The C-V, I-V characteristics and the spectral response show that the ZnTe/ZnTe：Cu buffer layers improve the back contact characteristic properties, the diode characteristics of the forward junction and the short-wave spectral response of the CdTe solar cells. The ZnTe/ZnTe-Cu buffer layers affect the solar cell conversion efficiencv and its fill factor.

Effects of the ZnO buffer layer and Al proportion on AZO film properties

To evaluate the influence of the ZnO buffer layer and A1 proportion on the properties of ZnO： A1 （AZO）/ZnO bi-layer films, a series of AZO/ZnO films are deposited on the quartz substrates by electron beam evaporation. The X-ray diffraction measurement shows that the crystal quality of the films is improved with the increase of the film thickness. The electrical properties of the films are investigated. The carrier concentration and Hall mobility both increase with the increase of buffer layer thickness. However, the resistivity reaches the lowest at about 50 nm-thick buffer layer. The lowest resistivity and the maximum Hall mobility are both obtained at 1 wt% Al concentration. But the optical transmittance of all the films is greater than 80% regardless of the buffer layer thickness with A1 concentration lower than 5 wt% in the visible region.

MOCVD derived double-sided YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) films on Y_2O_3 /YSZ/CeO_2 buffered textured metal substrates

We have successfully employed metal-organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD） technique to simultaneously deposit double-sided YBa2Cu3O7-δ （YBCO） films on both sides of YzO3/yttria-stabilized zirconia （YSZ）/CeO2 （YYC） buffered biaxially textured Ni-5 at.% W substrates, which is of great prospect to cut the production cost of YBCO coated conductors. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that both sides of YBCO film were purely c-axis oriented and highly textured. The co-scan of （005） YBCO and Ф-scan of （103） YBCO yielded full width at half maximum （FWHM） values of 4.9° and 6.6° for one side of double-sided YBCO film, respectively, as well as 4.4° and 6.4° for the other side. The current transportation measurements performed on such double-sided 500 nm-thickness YBCO films showed the self-field critical current density （Jc） at 77 K of 0.6 MA/cm^2 and 1.2 MA/cm^2, respectively. Further research is in the process of exploring new solution to improve the Jc in practice.

Solution-derived poly（ethylene glycol）-TiOx nanocom- posite film as a universal cathode buffer layer for enhancing efficiency and stability of polymer solar cells

Highly efficient and stable polymer solar cells （PSCs） have been fabricated by adopting solution-derived hybrid poly（ethylene glycol）-titanium oxide （PEG-TiOx） nanocomposite films as a novel and universal cathode buffer layer （CBL）, which can greatly improve device performance by reducing interface energy barriers and enhancing charge extraction/collection. The performance of inverted PSCs with varied bulk-heterojunctions （BHJs） based on this hybrid nanocomposite CBL was found to be much better than those of control devices with a pure TiOx CBL or without a CBL. An excellent power conversion efficiency up to 9.05% under AM 1.5G irradiation （100 mW-cm^-2） was demonstrated, which represents a record high value for inverted PSCs with TiOx-based interface materials.

Effects of BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 as the buffer layers of epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films

BiFeO_3 (BFO) thin films with BaTiO_3 (BTO) or SrTiO_3 (STO) as buffer layer were epitaxially grown on SrRuO_3-covered SrTiO_3 substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the BTO buffer causes tensile strain in the BFO films, whereas the STO buffer causes compressive strain. Different ferroelectric domain structures caused by these two strain statuses are revealed by piezoelectric force microscopy. Electrical and magnetical measurements show that the tensile-strained BFO/BTO samples have reduced leakage current and large ferroelectric polarization and magnetization, compared with compressively strained BFO/STO. These results demonstrate that the electrical and magnetical properties of BFO thin films can be artificially modified by using a buffer layer.