关于缠声等一组音乐术语的辨析

缠声、虚声、泛声、散声以及和声、繁声等是古代音乐史上一组相通相近的术语,意义与用法有微妙差别。各种音乐文献中,这些术语的解释或语焉不详,或混淆歧异。本文认为,泛声、虚声、散声三个术语内涵基本相通,均指在基本曲调基础上添加的装饰性曲调成分;缠声特指器乐演奏时所加的重迭性装饰性曲调;和声特指古代歌曲中的伴唱部分。

Entanglement Dynamics of Two-Qubit System in Different Types of Noisy Channels

In this paper, we study entanglement dynamics of a two-qubit extended Werner-like state locally, interacting with independent noisy channels, i.e., amplitude damping, phase damping, and depolarizing channels. We show that the purity of initial entangled state has direct impacts on the entanglement robustness in each noisy channel. That is, if the initial entangled state is prepared in mixed instead of pure form, the state may exhibit entanglement sudden death （ESD） and/or be decreased for the critical probability at which the entanglement disappear.

Entanglement Dynamics of Two Qubits Coupled to a Noise Environment

We study the time evolution of two two-state systems （two qubits） initially in the pure entangled states or the maximally entangled mixed states interacting with the individual environmental noise. It is shown that due to environment noise, all quantum entangled states are very fragile and become a classical mixed state in a short-time limit. But the environment can affect entanglement in very different ways. The type of decoherence process for certain entangled states belongs to amplitude damping, while the others belong to dephasing decoherenee.

Entropy Correlations and Entanglement of a Superconducting Charge Qubit in a Resonant Cavity in the Presence of Noise

We study the dynamics of the entropy correlations and entanglement in a system of interaction of a superconducting charge qubit with a single-mode resonant cavity subject to noise considered as two-state random phase telegraph noise. We show that although the noise has an apparent suppressing effect on the evolution of the entropies of the qubit and the field and also on the entanglement in the system, the entropy exchange between the qubit and the field is independent of it during the time evolution of the system.

Disentanglement of Qubit in Dephasing Model

We investigate the entanglement evolution of two qubits that are initially in Werner state under the classical phase noise. We discuss the influence of mixture degree on disentanglement. It is showed that the more mixed the state, the shorter is the time of disentanglement.

论析泉州傀儡调里所保留的南戏“合(唱)”结构

本文以潮调(白字戏)、泉腔(梨园戏)、莆仙戏和辰阳高腔等南戏活化石为参照,讨论泉州傀儡调中“合(唱)”的源流。认为唐宋曲子“和声”,可能启发了“管弦之中缠声”与佛教“和念”的“拌和”观念,弋阳高腔的“帮和”,可能与唐宋曲子的“和声”关系更为密切,而南戏“合(唱)”源于“管弦之中缠声”与佛教“和念”。本文揭示南戏唱法中“合(唱)”的本质是,人声与器乐一起“合宫拌调”,形成南戏曲牌“二段式”结构,从而丰富了南戏曲牌音乐的发展手法。

Effects of noisy quantum channels on one-qubit rotation gate

We investigate the effects of noisy quantum channels on the entanglement of cluster states and one way quantum computational gates.We take a basic model,the rotational gate about x axis based on the cluster state,in order to get the most essential effects of the paradigmatic noisy quantum channels.The entanglement of cluster states in the noisy channels and the fidelity between the rotated state without noisy channel and that with noisy channel are calculated.

Efcient Multipartite Polarization Entanglement Distribution Over Arbitrary Noise Channel

We present an efficient faithful multipartite polarization entanglement distribution protocol over an ar- bitrary noisy channel. The spatial degree of freedom is used to carry the entanglement during the transmission. We describe the principle by distributing n-qubit Greenberge-Horne--Zeilinger state and n-qubit W state. Our scheme can be used to distribute arbitrary n-qUbit entangled states to n distant locations. The remote parties can obtain maximally entangled states deterministically on the polarization of photons. Only passive linear optics are employed in our setup, which makes our scheme more feasible and efficient for practical application in long distance quantum communication.

Efficient Polarization Entanglement Distribution for W State Assisted by Frequency Degree of Freedom

We present an efficient faithful polarization entanglement distribution protocol for W state over an arbitrary noise channel,which use the frequency degree of freedom to carry the entanglement during the transmission.We describe the transmission of three-photon W state as an example,and then generalize this scheme to n-qubit W state situation.The remote parties can obtain maximally entangled W states on the polarization of photons,and the success probability is 100% in principle.As there was few entanglement purification for W state,our scheme is an efficient and practical method to share W state entanglement between distant parties,which will be useful in quantum communication.We also show that our scheme can be used to distribute arbitrary multi-particle entangled state.

Quantum Measurement of Two-Qubit System in Damping Noise Environment

It is known that the inevitable interaction of the entangled qubits with their environments may result in the degradation of quantum correlation.We study the decoherence of two remote qubits under general local single-and two-sided amplitude-damping channel(ADC).By using concurrence,quantum discord and Clauser-Horne-ShimonyHolt(CHSH)inequality,we find that the relation between the residual quantum correlations and the initial ones are different.Recently,Wang et al.[Int.J.Theor.Phys.54(2015)5]showed that there exist a set of partially entangled states that are more robust than maximally entangled states in terms of the residual quantum correlation measured by concurrence,fully entangled fraction and quantum discord,respectively.Here we find that both in single-and two-sided ADC,only the evolution of CHSH inequality with the initial parameter is proportional to that of the initial nonlocality.That means the initial state with maximally nonlocality will retain its role in the evolution.It implies that the evolution of nonlocality may reveal the characteristics of quantum state better.Furthermore,we discuss the evolutions of the three different quantum measurements with the initial parameter under generalized amplitude damping channel(GADC)and find that they are all proportional to that of the initial state.

Effects of Quantum Noise on Quantum Clock Synchronization

In laboratory environment, the channel apparatus will generate particular dominant quantum noise. The noise then will give rise to some errors during synchronization. In this work, the accuracies of one qubit transport protocol and entangled states transport protocol in the presence of noise have been studied. With the help of three important and familiar noise models, the quantum noise will degrade the accuracy has been proved. Due to the influence of quantum noise, the accuracy of entangled qubits decrease faster than that of one qubit. The entangled states will improve the accuracy in noise-free channel, and will degrade the accuracy in noise channel.