Effects of Homologous Genome 7 on Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Wheat

[Objective]To study the effects of homologous chromosomes 7 （7A,7B and 7D） on wheat photosynthesis and provide theoretical basis for breeding high photosynthetic efficiency wheat by genetic,physiological and biochemical means. [Method]The Triticum asetivum cultivar Chinese Spring wheat and nullisomic wheat （N7A,N7B and N7D） were planted in greenhouse. The photosynthetic indexes were determined at early filling stage. [Result]The photosynthetic rate （Pn）,stomatal conductance （Gs）,primary photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm）,actual chemical efficiency of photosystem II （ФPS II） and apparent electron transfer rate of photosystem II （ETR） were significantly lower in the N7A and N7B than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance was significantly lower in the N7D than in the Chinese Spring （P0.05）. The Fv/Fm,ФPS II,ETR of N7D were higher than that of the Chinese Spring without significant difference. [Conclusion]The homologous chromosomes 7A and 7B have positive effects on photosynthetic rate and have relationship with stomatal conductance and photoreaction （chlorophyll fluorescence parameters）. The homologous chromosome 7D has negative effects on photosynthetic rate,which is mainly related to stomatal conductance rather than photoreaction.

肾透明细胞癌3，7，8，9，17号染色体的杂合性缺失研究

肿瘤常在抑癌基因位点上出现染色体基因缺失，多表现为等位基因杂合性缺失（LOH）。我们通过检测肿瘤的LOH及其规律，旨在一定染色体范围内发现肿瘤相关的抑癌基因。

浅谈纯平显示器的常见故障及维护

随着技术的日益进步,夜晶屏幕已经取代了纯平显示器,但在某些特殊行业中如医疗行业中,纯平显示器还有不可忽视的地位,纯平显示器出现故障后往往因为没有图纸及配件而得不到及时的维护,影响工作。显示器故障是在电脑使用中常见的,下面我就这一问题简单的谈谈我的经验。

Studies on Crystalline Growth of MoFe Protein from a nifZ Deleted Strain of Azotobacter vinelandii

Under a given condition of crystallization, dark brown short rhombohedron crystals could be obtained from Δ nifZ MoFe protein purified from a nifZ deleted mutant strain of Azotobacter vinelandii Lipmann. Systematic studies on the effect of concentrations of PEG 8000,MgCl 2, NaCl,Tris and buffer pH on the crystallization and crystal growth of the protein showed that the protein could not be crystallized in lower concentrations of the chemicals and lower buffer pH. A large amount of smaller crystals of the protein appeared in a week with gradual increasing in the chemical concentrations and pH≥8.0. When the chemical concentrations were further increased, the time for crystallization was increased and a few high grade crystals of larger size were formed. If the concentrations of the chemicals were continuously increased, many crystals with smaller size, and, sometimes of poor quality appeared again and eventually ceased to produce any crystals. The optimal concentration for each of the above mentioned chemicals varies with other variable factors. Only one bigger crystal (both of the longest two sides: 0.16 mm) could be obtained in a hanging drop of protein sample when the concentrations of PEG 8000, MgCl 2, NaCl,Tris and protein were kept at 1.86%, 300 mmol/L, 400 mmol/L, 53 mmol/L and 4.64 g/L , respectively, with Tris buffer pH 8.2.

多组分异核气体红外分析仪简介

介绍一种用缺色分析法直接在线监测SO2 的多组分异核气体红外分析仪及其系统所采用的防堵。

Microsatellite Alterations on Chromosome 8 of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Objective: To study the features of microsatellite alterations on chromosome 8 and their asso- ciation with clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Ten highly- polymorphic microsatellite markers on chromosome 8 were selected to be detected for loss of heterozygosity (LOH), microsatellite instability (MSI) and allelic imbalance (AI) in 56 HCC using MegaBACE 500 auto- matic DNA analysis system. Results: LOH was found in 37 of 56 HCC (66.1%) on at least 1 locus, and the top three loci were D8S261(53.5%), D8S1721(52.5%) and D8S1771(52.5%). LOH frequency on D8S277 was signi?cantly higher in cases positive for serum HBsAg than in those negative for HBsAg (P <0.01). Similarly, LOH on D8S261, D8S298 and D8S1733 occurred more frequently in patients with negative HB- sAg than those with positive HBsAg (P <0.01). LOH on D8S298 and D8S1771 was more frequent in those tumors larger than 3 cm in size (P <0.05 or P <0.01). LOH frequencies of D8S1721 were signi?cantly higher in the patients with absent or not intact tumor capsule than in those with intact tumor capsule (P <0.05). LOH on D8S298 and D8S1771 was more frequently detected in tumors with intrahepatic metastasis than in those without intrahepatic metastasis (P <0.01). MSI was found in 12.5% (7/56) cases, and AI was found in 19.6% (11/56), no correlation was found between MSI and AI and clinicopathological character- istics of HCC. Conclusion: Frequent microsatellite alterations on chromosome 8 existed in HCC. LOH, which represents tumor suppressor gene pathway, plays a more important role in hepatocarcinogenesis; MSI representing mismatch repair gene pathway ranks next. LOH at a particula locus is associated with the clinicopathological parameters of human HCC.

Localization of Two GFP_tagged Tobacco Plastid Division Protein NtFtsZs in Escherichia coli

Two plastid division genes, NtFtsZ1 and NtFtsZ2 isolated from Nicotiana tabacum L. were fused with gfp and expressed in Escherichia coli . The regular localizations of full length NtFtsZs∶GFP along the filamentous bacteria indicated that the NtFtsZs could recognize the potential division sites in E. coli and be polymerized with heterogeneous FtsZ from bacteria. The overexpression of NtFtsZs ∶ gfp inhibited the division of host strain cells and resulted in the long filamentous bacterial morphology. These results suggested that eukaryotic ftsZs have similar function to their prokaryotic homologs. Meanwhile, the different deletions of motifs of NtFtsZs are also employed to investigate the functions of these proteins in E. coli . The results showed that the C_terminal domains of NtFtsZs were related to the correct localization of NtFtsZs in E. coli and the N_terminal domains of NtFtsZs were responsible for the polymerization of homogeneous and heterogeneous FtsZ proteins. The significance of these results in understanding the functions of NtFtsZs in plastid division were discussed.

Protective effect of curcumin against liver warm ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat model is associated with regulation of heat shock protein and antioxidant enzymes

AIM： To investigate the hypothesis that the protective effects of curcumin in hepatic warm ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury are associated with increasing heat shock protein 70 （Hsp70） expression and antioxidant enzyme activity. METHODS： Sixty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R, C ＋ I/R groups. The model of reduced-size liver warm ischemia and reperfusion was used. Curcumin （50 mg/kg） was administered by injection through a branch of superior mesenteric vein at 30 min before ischemia in C ＋ I/R group. Five rats were used to investigate the survival during 1 wk after operation in each group. Blood samples and liver tissues were obtained in the remaining animals after 3, 12, and 24 h of reperfusion to assess serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, liver tissue NO2- ＋ NO3-, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, nitricoxide synthase （NOS） and myeloperoxidase （MPO） activity, HspT0 expression and apoptosis ratio. RESULTS： Compared with I/R group, curcumin pretreatment group showed less ischemia/reperfusioninduced injury. CAT and SOD activity and Hsp70 expression increased significantly. A higher rate of apoptosis was observed in I/R group than in C ＋ I/R group, and a significant increase of MDA, NO2^- ＋ NO3^- and MPO level in liver tissues and serum transaminase concentration was also observed in I/R group compared to C ＋ I/R group. Curcumin also decreased the activity of inducible NO synthase （iNOS） in liver after reperfusion,but had no effect on the level of endothelial NO synthase （eNOS） after reperfusion in liver. The 7 d survival rate was significantly higher in C ＋ I/R group than in I/R group. CONCLUSION： Curcumin has protective effects against hepatic I/R injury. Its mechanism might be related to the overexpression of Hsp70 and antioxidant enzymes.

Deletions in the genomes of fifteen inbred mouse lines and their possible implications for fat accumulation

Copy number variants (CNVs) are pieces of genomic DNA of 1000 base pairs or longer which occur in a given genome at a different frequency than in a reference genome. Their importance as a source for phenotypic variability has been recognized only in the last couple of years. Chromosomal deletions can be seen as a special case of CNVs where stretches of DNA are missing in certain lines when compared to the reference genome of the mouse line C57BL/6, for example. Based upon more than 8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fifteen inbred mouse lines which were determined in a whole genome chip based resequencing project by Perlegen Sciences, we detected 20166 such long chromosomal deletions. They cover altogether between 4.4 million and 8.8 million base pairs, depending on the mouse line. Thus, their extent is comparable to that of SNPs. The chromosomal deletions were found by searching for clusters of missing values in the genotyping data by applying bioinformatics and biostatistical methods. In contrast to isolated missing values, clusters are likely the consequence of missing DNA probe rather than of a failed hybridization or deficient oligos. We analyzed these deletion sites in various ways. Twenty-two percent of these deletion sites overlap with exons; they could therefore affect a gene's functioning. The corresponding genes seem to exist in alternative forms, a phenomenon that reminds of the alternative forms of mRNA generated during gene splicing. We furthermore detected statistically significant association between hundreds of deletion sites and fat weight at the age of eight weeks.

Automatic Defect Detection and Grading of Single-Color Fruits Using HSV （Hue, Saturation, Value） Color Space

Machine vision has been recently utilized for quality control of food and agricultural products, which was traditionally done by manual inspection. The present study was an attempt for automatic defect detection and sorting of some single-color fruits such as banana and plum. Fruit images were captured using a color digital camera with capturing direction of zero degree and under illuminant D65. It was observed that growing decay and time-aging made surface color changes in bruised parts of the object. 3D RGB and HSV color vectors as well as a single channel like H （hue）, S （saturation）, V （value） and grey scale images were applied for color quantization of the object. Results showed that there was a distinct threshold in the histogram of the S channel of images which can be applied to separate the object from its background. Moreover, the color change via the defect and time-aging is correctly distinguishable in the hue channel image. The effect of illumination, gloss and shadow of 3D image processing is less noticeable for hue data in comparison to saturation and value. The value of H channel was quantized to five groups based on the difference between each pixel value and the H value of a healthy object. The percentage of different degree of defects can be computed and used for grading the fruits.

Hepcidin modulation in human diseases: From research to clinic

By modulating hepcidin production, an organism controls intestinal iron absorption, iron uptake and mobilization from stores to meet body iron need. In recent years there has been important advancement in our knowledge of hepcidin regulation that also has implications for understanding the physiopathology of some human disorders. Since the discovery of hepcidin and the demonstration of its pivotal role in iron homeostasis, there has been a substantial interest in developing a reliable assay of the hormone in biological fluids. Measurement of hepcidin in biological fluids can improve our understanding of iron diseases and be a useful tool for diagnosis and clinical management of these disorders. We reviewed the literature and our own research on hepcidin to give an updated status of the situation in this rapidly evolving field.

Inhibition of mitochondria responsible for the anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin during ischemia-reperfusion

Objective： To investigate a possible mechanism responsible for anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin and provide theoretical evidences for clinical therapy. Methods： lschemia-reperfusion mediated neuronal cell injury model was constructed in cerebellar granule neurons （CGNs） by deprivation of glucose, serum and oxygen in media. After ischemia, melatonin was added to the test groups to reach differential concentration during reperfusion. DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activity were observed after subjecting cerebellar granule neurons to oxygen-glucose deprivation （OGD）. Results： The results showed that OGD induced typical cell apoptosis change, DNA ladder and apoptosis-related alterations in mitochondrial functions including depression of mitochondrial transmembrane potential （its maximal protection ratio was 73.26%） and release of cytochrome c （its maximal inhibition ratio was 42.52%） and the subsequent activation of caspase-3 （its maximal protection ratio was 59.32%） in cytoplasm. Melatonin reduced DNA damage and inhibited release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3. Melatonin can strongly prevent the OGD-induced loss of the mitochondria membrane potential. Conclusion： Our findings suggested that the direct inhibition of mitochondrial pathway might essentially contribute to its anti-apoptotic effects in neuronal ischemia-reperfiusion.

Climate-induced Changes in Spring Maize Water Requirement in Xiliaohe River Watershed

Xiliaohe River watershed plays an important role in regional and national grain security.With the development of society and economy,water consumption that increased dramatically causes water shortages.Crop water requirement can provide quantitative basis for making regional irrigation scheme.In this study,spring maize water requirement is calculated by using PenmanMonteith formula and spring maize coefficient from May to September at 10 meteorological stations in Xiliaohe River watershed from 1951 to 2005.The variation trend of the spring maize water requirement during the whole growing stage,water requirement in every month,and meteorological influencing factors are obtained by using Mann-Kendall method,and the degree of grey incidence between the water requirement and meteorological influencing factors are shown.The results are the spring maize water requirement during the whole growing stages increases at half of the stations in Xiliaohe River watershed,and are remarkably affected by the water requirement in May.The monthly mean,maximum and minimum air temperature form May to September show an increasing trend in Xiliaohe River watershed in recent 55 years.The monthly mean and minimum air temperature increases notably.The relative humidity,precipitation,wind speed and sunshine show a decreasing trend with variety for different months.The monthly maximum air temperature,wind speed,sunshine and monthly mean air temperature have the highest correlation degree with spring maize water requirement from May to September.

Diagnosis in bile acid-CoA:Amino acid N-acyltransferase deficiency

Cholate-CoA ligase （,EEL） and bile acid-CoA： amino acid N-acyltransferase （BAAT） sequentially mediate bile-acid amidation. Defects can cause intrahepatic cholestasis. Distinction has required gene sequencing. We assessed potential clinical utility of immunostaining of liver for CCL and BAAT. Using commercially available antibodies against BAAT and CCL, we immunostained liver from an infant with jaundice, deficiency of amidated bile acids, and transcription-terminating mutation in BAAT. CCL was normally expressed. BAAT expression was not de- tected. Immunostaining may facilitate diagnosis in bile- acid amidation defects.

Immunolcocalization of actin in intact and DNA-and histone-depleted nuclei and chromosomes of allium cepa

The presence of actin in eukaryotic nuclei and chromosomes, and especially in higher plant nuclei and chromosomes, has not been well established. We detected actin in meristematic cells of Allium cepa with indirect immunofluorescence technique and observed bright fluorescence in the intact nuclei and chromosomes, indicating that actin is present in the nuclei and chromosomes of the higher plant. We labeled sections of the meristematic cells of A. cepa with immunogold technique, gold particles were found over the whole nuclei and a number of gold particles were concentrated in condensed chromatin and nucleoli, confirming the results of the immunofluoresence observations. We treated the nuclei and chromosomes of A.cepa with DNase I and 2M NaCl and obtained DNA- and histone-depleted nuclei and chromosomes. Indirect immunofluorescence tests showed that the DNA- and histonedepleted nuclei and chromosomes reacted positively with the anti-actin antibodies. These results demonstrate that actin exists not only in intact nuclei and chromosomes,but also in DNA- and histone-depleted nuclei and chrmosomes of the plant. In addition, our immuno-fluorescence tests indicate that tropomyosin is present in the nuclei and chromosomes of A. cepa.

NLO Corrections of H_(TC)Π~0 and Π^+Π^- Pair Production at ILC in TC2 Model

As well known, if the Higgs boson were not observed at LHC, the technicolor model would be the most favorable candidate responsible for the symmetry breaking. To overcome some defects in the previous model, some extended versions have been proposed. In the TC2 model typical signature is existence of heavy HTC and technipion ∏. A direct proof of validity of the model is to produce them at accelerator. Thus we study the production rates of e＋e^- → HTC∏^0 and e＋e^- → ∏＋∏- at ILC in the topcolor-assisted technicolor （TC2） model. In fact, there is a flood of models belonging to new physics, which can result in products with characteristics similar to HTC ＋ ∏ of the TC2 model. Therefore to distinguish this model from others one may need to investigate some details by calculating the cross section to NLO. We indeed find that the NLO corrections are significant, namely the ratio δ ≡（ σNLO - σLO）/σLO in e＋e- →HTC∏^0 exceeds 100% within a plausible parameter space.

Modeling and Analyzing Web Application with Aspect-Oriented Hierarchical Coloured Petri Nets

Aspect-oriented modeling can uncover potential design faults, yet most existing work fails to achieve both separation and composition in a natural and succinct way. This study presents an aspect-oriented modeling and analysis approach with hierarchical Coloured Petri Nets(HCPN). HCPN has sub-models and well-defined semantics combining a set of submodels. These two characteristics of HCPN are nicely integrated into aspect oriented modeling. Submodels are used to model aspects while the combination mechanism contributes to aspects weaving. Furthermore, the woven aspect oriented HCPN model can be simulated and analyzed by the CPN Tools. A systematic web application case study is conducted. The results show the system original properties are satisfied after weaving aspects and all design flaws are revealed. As such, the approach can support web application design and analysis in an aspect-oriented fashion concisely and effectively.