There is a danger of power generation efficiency decreasing due to voltage increase when clustered residential PV systems are grid-interconnected to a single distribution line. As a countermeasure, installation of the...There is a danger of power generation efficiency decreasing due to voltage increase when clustered residential PV systems are grid-interconnected to a single distribution line. As a countermeasure, installation of the reactive power control of an inverter at each residence has been considered. However, there are not many types of inverters that can operate reactive power control because there are insufficient effects on a low voltage distribution line with low penetration PV with reactive power control. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to increase generation efficiency with a lower number of inverters. In this paper, four Japanese standard distribution line structures, for example of a residential area on "C1", where 2,160 residential PV systems are grid-interconnected, are selected. The optimal setting of reactive power control at each residence is computed on the distribution lines with a greedy method.展开更多
Large-scale national disasters have recently occurred worldwide, causing tremendous damage to life and property. Therefore, urban safety has become a critical issue, and disaster prevention and mitigation are also con...Large-scale national disasters have recently occurred worldwide, causing tremendous damage to life and property. Therefore, urban safety has become a critical issue, and disaster prevention and mitigation are also considered in urban development and infrastructure construction. When earthquake disasters occur, road networks play major roles in rescue activity for responding to urban damage. The urban-disaster prevention spatial system attempts to mitigate hazards by considering shelters, routes for evacuation and rescue and necessary logistics. A literature review shows numerous studies related to a disaster-prevention shelter survey before or after hazards, however, they are less concerned with the reliability of shelter evaluation. This study assesses shelter evaluation by considering road networks. The authors construct 10 selected indices individually related to road networks. Three integrated composite indices are established to explain planned-shelter risks using the Arc GIS diagram of a spatial concept of an urban-planning review process. The relationship between shelters and evacuation/rescue routes is important for disaster-prevention planning. This survey investigates the factors of road networks, fire engine rescue routes, fire station location and road/population density for vulnerability evaluations.展开更多
In the following work of research, we shall present the results of a study on forms of digital photographic socialization as carried out by the so-called "digital natives" in order to explore their competence in man...In the following work of research, we shall present the results of a study on forms of digital photographic socialization as carried out by the so-called "digital natives" in order to explore their competence in managing digital photographic output and cultural practices. This shall be done under the following categories of analysis: snapshot, organization, socialization, reception, privacy, and copyrights in digital photography. The study explores the forms of digital photography production, technical problems of photographic management and the final uses that digital photographers give to their photos in terms of web tools 2.0, mobile telephones and social networks. Digital photography technology, compact cameras, mobile phones with cameras, specialized websites in photography and the lnternet generate new forms of production and emerging styles of digital photographic socialization. The study is carried out using a defined sample of university students, those digital natives who create and use digital photography.展开更多
Baseband design and implementation for micro/pico base stations (mBS) in 5G ultra-dense network (UDN) is studied. Low cost is an essential requirement for mBS baseband in UDN. Digital baseband cost of ASIC/ASIP (...Baseband design and implementation for micro/pico base stations (mBS) in 5G ultra-dense network (UDN) is studied. Low cost is an essential requirement for mBS baseband in UDN. Digital baseband cost of ASIC/ASIP (Application Specific Integrated Circuit / Instruction-set processor) is of the most uncertainty in roBS system. However. the actual costs and hardware feasibility of the baseband are yet unknown to network deployers and researchers. In this paper, we studied the baseband hardware system design and implementation for low-cost roBS. We analyzed popular baseband algorithms and architectures for both full-digital and hybrid beamforming (BF) for UDN. We then proposed feasible chip-level solutions for the baseband with up to 128-antenna BS system, and estimated their implementation cost. Results show that among lull-digital BF algorithms, zero-forcing is a choice of high performance and low cost; for hybrid BF, 4×32 architecture (32 RF chains) provides good reduction in baseband cost with acceptable performance loss, thus it can be a preferable solution under low cost consider- ation. The proposed system planning method can also be used for the design of other related systems.展开更多
Real estate is the "barometer" of the national economy, this paper studies the formation of the current domestic real estate prices and the inner mechanism of the influence factors, using the principal component ana...Real estate is the "barometer" of the national economy, this paper studies the formation of the current domestic real estate prices and the inner mechanism of the influence factors, using the principal component analysis to determine the composition of the real estate market development index model, and the BP neural network model is established, with specific data analysis which verifies the correctness and practicability of the model.展开更多
Reactive power control can control voltage within the proper range from the power network side or from the distribution generation (PV (photovoltaic)) side. Reactive power control from the power network side is si...Reactive power control can control voltage within the proper range from the power network side or from the distribution generation (PV (photovoltaic)) side. Reactive power control from the power network side is simpler because little controlled object apparatus, such as STATCOM, is required. However, it is difficult to optimize the individual voltages of residential consumers because few data have been obtained by the power network side as compared with the power generation side. Energy loss at each residence with PV is different due to the difference in the grid-interconnection condition, such as distribution line impedance when the same operating voltage is set at all residences. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose an advanced reactive power control method for residential PV systems in order to optimally control the voltage at individual residences so as to minimize energy loss fluctuation. The effectiveness of the proposed reactive power control is demonstrated by numerical simulation.展开更多
Integrated with GIS and remote sensing(RS) technology,a systematic analysis and its methodology for human-settlements social environment has been introduced.This methodology has been called spatial trend field model(S...Integrated with GIS and remote sensing(RS) technology,a systematic analysis and its methodology for human-settlements social environment has been introduced.This methodology has been called spatial trend field model(STFM).STFM's application history in the field of human-settlements social environment has been discussed at first.Then,some index data models have been created through STFM,which include population density trend field,human activity strength trend field,city-town spatial density trend field,urbanization ratio trend field,road density trend field,GDP spatial density trend field and PER-GDP spatial density trend field.With all above-mentioned indexes as input data,through Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Techniques Algorithm(ISODATA),this paper makes a verification study of Chongqing municipality.The result of the case study confirms that STFM methodology is credible and has high efficiency for regional human-settlements study.展开更多
文摘There is a danger of power generation efficiency decreasing due to voltage increase when clustered residential PV systems are grid-interconnected to a single distribution line. As a countermeasure, installation of the reactive power control of an inverter at each residence has been considered. However, there are not many types of inverters that can operate reactive power control because there are insufficient effects on a low voltage distribution line with low penetration PV with reactive power control. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to increase generation efficiency with a lower number of inverters. In this paper, four Japanese standard distribution line structures, for example of a residential area on "C1", where 2,160 residential PV systems are grid-interconnected, are selected. The optimal setting of reactive power control at each residence is computed on the distribution lines with a greedy method.
文摘Large-scale national disasters have recently occurred worldwide, causing tremendous damage to life and property. Therefore, urban safety has become a critical issue, and disaster prevention and mitigation are also considered in urban development and infrastructure construction. When earthquake disasters occur, road networks play major roles in rescue activity for responding to urban damage. The urban-disaster prevention spatial system attempts to mitigate hazards by considering shelters, routes for evacuation and rescue and necessary logistics. A literature review shows numerous studies related to a disaster-prevention shelter survey before or after hazards, however, they are less concerned with the reliability of shelter evaluation. This study assesses shelter evaluation by considering road networks. The authors construct 10 selected indices individually related to road networks. Three integrated composite indices are established to explain planned-shelter risks using the Arc GIS diagram of a spatial concept of an urban-planning review process. The relationship between shelters and evacuation/rescue routes is important for disaster-prevention planning. This survey investigates the factors of road networks, fire engine rescue routes, fire station location and road/population density for vulnerability evaluations.
文摘In the following work of research, we shall present the results of a study on forms of digital photographic socialization as carried out by the so-called "digital natives" in order to explore their competence in managing digital photographic output and cultural practices. This shall be done under the following categories of analysis: snapshot, organization, socialization, reception, privacy, and copyrights in digital photography. The study explores the forms of digital photography production, technical problems of photographic management and the final uses that digital photographers give to their photos in terms of web tools 2.0, mobile telephones and social networks. Digital photography technology, compact cameras, mobile phones with cameras, specialized websites in photography and the lnternet generate new forms of production and emerging styles of digital photographic socialization. The study is carried out using a defined sample of university students, those digital natives who create and use digital photography.
基金supporting from National High Technical Research and Development Program of China(863 program)2014AA01A705 is sincerely acknowledged by authors
文摘Baseband design and implementation for micro/pico base stations (mBS) in 5G ultra-dense network (UDN) is studied. Low cost is an essential requirement for mBS baseband in UDN. Digital baseband cost of ASIC/ASIP (Application Specific Integrated Circuit / Instruction-set processor) is of the most uncertainty in roBS system. However. the actual costs and hardware feasibility of the baseband are yet unknown to network deployers and researchers. In this paper, we studied the baseband hardware system design and implementation for low-cost roBS. We analyzed popular baseband algorithms and architectures for both full-digital and hybrid beamforming (BF) for UDN. We then proposed feasible chip-level solutions for the baseband with up to 128-antenna BS system, and estimated their implementation cost. Results show that among lull-digital BF algorithms, zero-forcing is a choice of high performance and low cost; for hybrid BF, 4×32 architecture (32 RF chains) provides good reduction in baseband cost with acceptable performance loss, thus it can be a preferable solution under low cost consider- ation. The proposed system planning method can also be used for the design of other related systems.
文摘Real estate is the "barometer" of the national economy, this paper studies the formation of the current domestic real estate prices and the inner mechanism of the influence factors, using the principal component analysis to determine the composition of the real estate market development index model, and the BP neural network model is established, with specific data analysis which verifies the correctness and practicability of the model.
文摘Reactive power control can control voltage within the proper range from the power network side or from the distribution generation (PV (photovoltaic)) side. Reactive power control from the power network side is simpler because little controlled object apparatus, such as STATCOM, is required. However, it is difficult to optimize the individual voltages of residential consumers because few data have been obtained by the power network side as compared with the power generation side. Energy loss at each residence with PV is different due to the difference in the grid-interconnection condition, such as distribution line impedance when the same operating voltage is set at all residences. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose an advanced reactive power control method for residential PV systems in order to optimally control the voltage at individual residences so as to minimize energy loss fluctuation. The effectiveness of the proposed reactive power control is demonstrated by numerical simulation.
基金supported by National 11th Five-Year Technology Support Program (Grant No 2008BAH31B06)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No50738007)
文摘Integrated with GIS and remote sensing(RS) technology,a systematic analysis and its methodology for human-settlements social environment has been introduced.This methodology has been called spatial trend field model(STFM).STFM's application history in the field of human-settlements social environment has been discussed at first.Then,some index data models have been created through STFM,which include population density trend field,human activity strength trend field,city-town spatial density trend field,urbanization ratio trend field,road density trend field,GDP spatial density trend field and PER-GDP spatial density trend field.With all above-mentioned indexes as input data,through Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Techniques Algorithm(ISODATA),this paper makes a verification study of Chongqing municipality.The result of the case study confirms that STFM methodology is credible and has high efficiency for regional human-settlements study.