《毛诗序》以美、刺说诗探故

《毛诗序》好以美、刺说诗 ,其美、刺对象多指向帝王后妃 ,且牵强附会 ,与《诗》之本义乖谬者多。前人所谓《诗序》所言非诗本义 ,乃周人采、编者“用诗之义”,亦不可通。《毛诗序》当为汉儒所为。汉统治者崇经尊儒具有很强的实用功利性。在这一特定的政治环境下 ,汉代经师为履行其职责 ,其研习、传授《诗经》的终极指向是将《诗经》作为树立君王权威、维护封建秩序的工具 ,并巧妙地利用说解《诗经》以求达到委婉地讽喻警示当代帝王的目的。

Application of Wet Waste from Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) with or Without Sea Mud to Feeding Sea Cucumber(Stichopus monotuberculatus)

In the present study, the applicability of the wet waste collected from shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) to the culture of sea cucumber(Stichopus monotuberculatus) was determined. The effects of dietary wet shrimp waste on the survival, specific growth rate(SGR), fecal production rate(FPR), ammonia- and nitrite-nitrogen productions of sea cucumber were studied. The total organic matter(TOM) level in the feces of sea cucumber was compared with that in corresponding feeds. Diet C(50% wet shrimp waste and 50% sea mud mash) made sea cucumber grow faster than other diets. Sea cucumber fed with either diet D(25% wet shrimp waste and 75% sea mud mash) or sole sea mud exhibited negative growth. The average lowest total FPR of sea cucumber occurred in diet A(wet shrimp waste), and there was no significant difference in total FPR between diet C and diet E(sea mud mash)(P > 0.05). The average ammonia-nitrogen production of sea cucumber in different diet treatments decreased gradually with the decrease of crude protein content in different diets. The average highest nitrite-nitrogen production occurred in diet E treatment, and there was no significant difference in nitrite-nitrogen production among diet A, diet B(75% wet shrimp waste and 25% sea mud mash) and diet C treatments(P > 0.05). In each diet treatment, the total organic matter(TOM) level in feces decreased to different extent compared with that in corresponding feeds.

Observation on clinical effects of acupuncture plus cupping therapy for cervical radiculopathy

Objective：To observe the therapeutic effects of acupuncture plus cupping therapy and Western medication alone for cervical radiculopathy.Methods：A total of 139 patients with cervical radiculopathy were randomly divided based on the random digital table into an acupuncture-cupping group（70 cases） and a Western medication group（69 cases）.In the acupuncture-cupping group,Fengchi（GB 20）（bilateral）,Dazhui（GV 14）,Jianjing（GB 21）（bilateral） and Jiaji（EX-B 2） points of the neck [bilateral,midpoint between Fengchi（GB 20） and Dazhui（GV 14）] were punctured.After the arrival of the needling sensation,bilateral Fengchi（GB 20） and Jianjing（GB 21） were linked with electric stimulation and the rest acupoints were manipulated with the moderate needling technique.In the retaining of the needles,TDP lamp radiation was used.After acupuncture,the cupping therapy was applied to the local area.The treatment was given once every other day,20 d for a course.After one course,the therapeutic effects were observed.The Western medication group was treated by oral administration of Meloxicam（Mobic）,7.5 mg,once a day,with water and liquid after meal.The therapeutic effects were observed after 20 d.Results：The total effective rate was 92.8% in the acupuncture-cupping group and 73.9% in the Western medication group,with a statistical difference between the two groups（P〈0.05）.After treatment,the scores of the clinical symptoms of the two groups were obviously declined（P〈0.01）,and the score of the clinical symptoms of the acupuncture-cupping group was better than that of the Western medication group,with a statistical difference（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Acupuncture plus cupping therapy was more effective than administration of Meloxicam tablets alone in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy.