美、英、法三国学制及特色

美国、英国、法国是世界上教育比较发达的国家,每个国家的学制各有不同,反观其学制及特点,对我国基础教育改革有参照价值。

美、英、法教育实习模式的比较与借鉴

我国教育实习体系与发达国家相比具有不小的差距。借鉴国外教育实习经验,对完善具有中国特色的教育实习制度,促进我国高校教师教育实习改革具有重要意义。本文通过分析比较美、英、法三国教师教育实习模式得到启示,提出我国的教育实习应落实到具体明确的目标,延长时间,充实内容,实施多元化与模块化的实习形式和综合化与规范化的实习管理评估体系。

美国学系制与德、英、法、日四国学系制发展的比较研究

在国际上,美国的高等教育管理最早实施学系制,并影响了世界各国高校学系制的效仿与变革,特别是德、英、法、日四国,在讲座制改革过程中,实施形式多样限制个人权力的学系制。文章在阐明美国学系特点的基础上,对比分析了德、英、法、日四国在学系制实施的历史、学系的行政权力与学术权力、学系的民主管理、学系治理结构等,得出四点启示:学系制兼具科层管理与学术管理的特点;学系制的民主管理是消除学术寡头的重要举措;学系是按学科建立起来的教学和科研组织;学系制改革趋向与讲座制的结合。学系制下设立讲座,可以发挥讲座对学术发展的促进作用,促进高校厚重的学术治理和学术发展。

A new strategy of integrating American culture with English teaching ＆ learning by using VOA Special English feature programs

The paper mainly studies a new way of combining American culture with English language teaching and learning by means of the VOA Special English feature programs. It is based on a 5-year period of teaching practice, experience and reflection. This interactive, innovative, productive and student-centered approach is a far cry from the rigid, old, unproductive and teacher-centered approach of teaching British and American culture without combining language learning and practice as is commonly used here in Chinese colleges. The author also throws some light on how to use on-line teaching resources and how to cultivate independent learning on the part of the students he has worked with.

A Study of Extratropical Transition and Re-Intensification of Typhoon Mindulle(2004)

In this study,the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University-National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU-NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) is used to simulate Typhoon Mindulle (2004) at high resolution (3-km grid size).The data from measurements show that in the upper atmosphere the existence of an upper jet is important to the transition cyclone.When Mindulle moved to the area of the upper jet entrance,where high-altitude divergence existed, the pumping of the high-altitude divergence would enhance the vertical motion and low-level cyclone convergence. The enhanced vertical motion was confirmed by the simulation results and indicated that the existence of upper divergence enhanced the vertical motion which was favorable for the maintenance of Typhoon Mindulle.The process of extratropical transition (ET) and re-intensification always accompanies the process of cold air invasion. This process enhances the baroclinicity of the atmosphere and the formation of front at high altitudes, which converts baroclinic potential energy into kinetic energy and strengthens the cyclone vortex.The distributions of equivalent potential temperature (θe) and temperature anomalies show that the warm-core of the typhoon at the tropopause aids the re-intensification of the system. As the typhoon reenters the ocean, latent heat flux (LHF) increases in the north and west and the strong reflectivity and vertical motion occur in the east and southeast,and the west.With the re-intensification of the typhoon the wind field evolves from an oval to a circle at the lower atmosphere, the area coverage by high winds increases, and the distribution of the tangential wind shows an asymmetric pattern.

On thematic structure of a popular on-line English poem

Thematic structure and information structure are two important closely-related systems in textual function. By analyzing the thematic structure of a popular on-line English poem, this paper attempts to reveal how theme and rheme is arranged to carry new information forward to achieve its textual function.

The application of conceptual fluency to English teaching

The term of ＂conceptual fluency＂ put forward by Danesi offers a fresh perspective to look at the current disturbing situation that confronts college English teaching in China. This paper propounds its theoretical basis by reflecting on the philosophical and linguistic trends in modern era, and points out the defects of Danesi＇s theory, insisting that conceptual fluency should be built on both the lexical and grammatical levels. It then exemplifies the implementation of the theory in actual teaching practice.

Exploration of teaching English to Korean-Chinese bilinguals

Since Korean ethnics in China learn English on the basis of two languages and two cultures, there is dual transfer of Korean-Chinese when they learn English. They can make good use of two language systems and dual positive transfer, and make English-Korean and English-Chinese comparative analysis in the basic stages of English learning.

The relationship between syntax and semantics in the case of Ma＇ani Nahwi in Arabic and the idea of Modistae in Latin

The research emphasizes on the relation of the Arabic concept of ＂ma＇ani nahwi＂ and the Latin ＂modistae＂. In order to establish this relation, the researcher illustrates the role of Aristotle＇s categories in influencing the concept of the Medieval Latin ＂modistae＂. This is followed by a reevaluation of the influence of Arabic philosophers, such as al-Farabi （c.870-c.950 CE）, Avicenna （980-1037 CE） and Averoes （c.1126-c.1198 CE） on Latin philosophy and linguistics, especially Jurjani＇s （d.1078 CE） role in introducing his concept of ＂nazm＂ towards ＂ma＇ani nahwi＂. The research contributes to the understanding of the relationship between syntax and semantics which has not been effectively clarified within the framework of traditional Arabic grammatical theory.

Analysis of students＇ problems in writing with reference to theory of cohesion and Error Analysis

This paper is to advocate the necessity of Error Analysis （EA） and cohesion in college English writing teaching. By analyzing the causes of the cohesive errors, the paper wishes to catch the attention of readers to the benefits EA brings to writing teaching and the seriousness of the problems concerning cohesion in writing, and hopes that these implications for college English writing teaching would be of great significance.

Evaluating genre-based teaching approach in writing class with Beaugrande and Dressler＇s theories on text linguistics

Based on the theories on the text linguistics proposed by Beaugrande and Dressier, the paper points out that though we recognize the merits that genre-based approach deserves, it is unwise to take genre analysis as the central activity in ESL writing class. Instead, we should not give learners fish to eat, but to teach them how to fish.

A study on English teachers＇ questioning strategies in Western country

Classroom questioning is one of the main means for classroom interaction which plays a very important role in classroom teaching. Therefore, based on the observation of four different level English classes in the UK and interview of English teachers, this thesis investigates the types, functions and answer-seeking strategies used by EFL teachers.

Analysis on intercultural communication in translation teaching： Cultural context and translation

This paper focuses on seven aspects, which may embody one nation＇s cultural traits, such as customs, historic stories, philosophies and religions, literature and arts, historic sites and cultural relics, education and technology, and politics and economy to exemplify the important role of intercultural connotation in translation.

Cultural materialism behind global cultural diffusion process

In this paper, the author intends to illustrate cultural materialism behind cultural diffusion process. The author first argues that despite the two opposing paradigms of cultural views （differentialism vs. universalism） what is really happening and winning is the third paradigm of mixing cultural perspective as presented in Jan Nederveen Pieterse＇s book Globalization and culture-global Mdlange. Then the author takes Marvin Harris＇ cultural materialism theory as the basis and gives specific evidence from China to illustrate the formation and eventual spread of any ＂new cultural scripts＂, which is done through the transformation process from territorial culture to translocal culture with economic motive behind as the driving force. These Chinese cases of global mixing, in turn, form a further support to Marvin Harris＇s cultural materialism theory.

The Double Life of Veronique in Jordan and Hemingway On the Autobiographic Implications in For Whom the Bell Tolls

Ernest Hemingway is one of the greatest American novelists. His For Whom the Bell Tolls, a novel on Spanish Civil War, is generally regarded as ＂his most ambitious artistic endeavor and a heroic epic of the 20th century American literature＂. The protagonist, Jordan, is a brave, unselfish, and stressful fighter for fascist, who is the more mature epitome of Ernest Hemingway in the reality. It is an example of application of＂meta-fiction＂. Both of their views on war change from being pessimistic to being optimistic; both Hemingway and Jordan are the heroes of ＂Grace under Pressure＂ and both of them start to care for the society and love others.

The focalization in Winesburg, Ohio

Winesburg, Ohio is Sherwood Anderson＇s masterpiece. Adopting the classical theory of narratology, this paper intends to provide a detailed analysis on the zero focalization, writer＇s experiment with the shift of focalization, the transgression of focalization and their expressive effects in the book. The author aims at presenting an illustration to the focalization experiment in Winesburg, Ohio, one of the early modern fictions.

The application of frame theory to translation teaching

Through the analysis of the status quo of translation teaching in China, the author holds that it is necessary to explore new approaches in this regard. Because college students tend to be affected by the conceptual meaning of the original text, mistranslation may occur frequently in their translation. In translating, one must be armed with linguistic knowledge as well as cognitive knowledge. Accordingly, by applying frame theory to translation teaching, teachers can guide students to construe the original meaning on the lexical, syntactic and textual level, so that they may effectively avoid semantic errors in translation. In view of students＇ inadequate background knowledge, teachers should guide them to enlarge their knowledge scope and enrich their encyclopedic knowledge.

Comments on E-C translation of cosmetics directions

This paper argues that the translation principle of ＂faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance＂ is good enough to evaluate translations of cosmetics directions and there is no need to refer to other translation principles. This argument is supported by revising some poor translations of cosmetics directions.

The Effect of TV Captions on the Comprehension of Non-Native Saudi Learners of English

This paper investigates the effectiveness of closed captioning in aiding Saudi students who are learning ESL （English as a second language）. Research was carried out in a qualitative manner, and participants were 12 Saudi students pursuing their studies at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA （IUP）. Participants in the study were asked to compose a narrative after viewing a 5-minute film segment, both with and without captioning. Their responses were then analyzed, and results indicated that while captions may aid one in comprehension, they also tend to limit one＇s interpretations, reaffirming the nature of written language as an authoritative source of information.