常用的肌松药中,顺式阿曲库铵因起效较慢,药物半衰期较短,在腹腔镜手术中肌松效果往往不令术者满意。而罗库溴铵起效迅速,作用时间较长,能产生深度肌松效果。在腹腔镜中,4个成串刺激(Train of four stimulation,TOF)为0和强直...常用的肌松药中,顺式阿曲库铵因起效较慢,药物半衰期较短,在腹腔镜手术中肌松效果往往不令术者满意。而罗库溴铵起效迅速,作用时间较长,能产生深度肌松效果。在腹腔镜中,4个成串刺激(Train of four stimulation,TOF)为0和强直后计数(Post-tetaniccount,PTC)为1-2的深度肌松比中度肌松可能更加改善手术操作条件。同时,深度肌松的逆转时间可能更长,可能比中度肌松更影响心肺功能[1-3]。但最近有研究表明肌松拮抗剂Sugam-madex可以快速逆转高剂量罗库溴铵引起的深度肌松[4]。理论上讲,肌松药罗库溴铵和肌松拮抗剂Su-gammadex的组合既可以获得改善腹腔镜手术操作条件,又不用担心延长逆转时间和存在不完全肌松逆转的可能。但罗库溴铵对肌松的程度和手术操作条件的影响尚缺乏相关文献评价。本研究探讨了罗库溴铵和阿曲库铵联合美维库铵对全腔镜下食管癌手术的手术操作条件的影响。展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacodynamics of vecuronium,atracurium, mivacurium and rocuronium in patients with end-stage renal failure. METHODS: Forty-six patients with end-stage renal failure scheduled for renal trans...OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacodynamics of vecuronium,atracurium, mivacurium and rocuronium in patients with end-stage renal failure. METHODS: Forty-six patients with end-stage renal failure scheduled for renal transplantation and 53 patients with normal renal function were given either vecuronium, atracurium, mivacurium or rocuronium. The neuromuscular effects were monitored by the evoked response of the adductor pollicis to train-of-four stimulation of the ulnar nerve. RESULTS: Onset of vecuronium, atracurium and mivacurium occurred faster or tended to be faster in patients with end-stage renal failure, but there was no significant difference in onset by rocuronium between the control patients and renal failure patients. Furthermore, the no-response period, duration of action and recovery of atracurium did not differ between the two groups. There was no significant difference in duration of action or recovery of mivacurium between the two groups, whereas its no-response period was significantly prolonged in the patients with end-stage renal failure. There was no difference in no-response period or duration of action after the initial dose of vecuronium or rocuronium between the two groups. However, no-response period and duration of effect by vecuronium and rocuronium were prolonged with increasing incremental doses in patients with end-stage renal failure. CONCLUSIONS: All four muscle relaxants could be safely used in patients with end-stage renal failure. Onset of the relaxants were, in some cases, accelerated and no-response period of mivacurium was prolonged in patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing dialysis therapy. End-stage renal failure prolonged the no-response period and duration of action of vecuronium and rocuronium after repeated incremental doses, but did not alter those attributed to atracurium.展开更多
文摘常用的肌松药中,顺式阿曲库铵因起效较慢,药物半衰期较短,在腹腔镜手术中肌松效果往往不令术者满意。而罗库溴铵起效迅速,作用时间较长,能产生深度肌松效果。在腹腔镜中,4个成串刺激(Train of four stimulation,TOF)为0和强直后计数(Post-tetaniccount,PTC)为1-2的深度肌松比中度肌松可能更加改善手术操作条件。同时,深度肌松的逆转时间可能更长,可能比中度肌松更影响心肺功能[1-3]。但最近有研究表明肌松拮抗剂Sugam-madex可以快速逆转高剂量罗库溴铵引起的深度肌松[4]。理论上讲,肌松药罗库溴铵和肌松拮抗剂Su-gammadex的组合既可以获得改善腹腔镜手术操作条件,又不用担心延长逆转时间和存在不完全肌松逆转的可能。但罗库溴铵对肌松的程度和手术操作条件的影响尚缺乏相关文献评价。本研究探讨了罗库溴铵和阿曲库铵联合美维库铵对全腔镜下食管癌手术的手术操作条件的影响。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacodynamics of vecuronium,atracurium, mivacurium and rocuronium in patients with end-stage renal failure. METHODS: Forty-six patients with end-stage renal failure scheduled for renal transplantation and 53 patients with normal renal function were given either vecuronium, atracurium, mivacurium or rocuronium. The neuromuscular effects were monitored by the evoked response of the adductor pollicis to train-of-four stimulation of the ulnar nerve. RESULTS: Onset of vecuronium, atracurium and mivacurium occurred faster or tended to be faster in patients with end-stage renal failure, but there was no significant difference in onset by rocuronium between the control patients and renal failure patients. Furthermore, the no-response period, duration of action and recovery of atracurium did not differ between the two groups. There was no significant difference in duration of action or recovery of mivacurium between the two groups, whereas its no-response period was significantly prolonged in the patients with end-stage renal failure. There was no difference in no-response period or duration of action after the initial dose of vecuronium or rocuronium between the two groups. However, no-response period and duration of effect by vecuronium and rocuronium were prolonged with increasing incremental doses in patients with end-stage renal failure. CONCLUSIONS: All four muscle relaxants could be safely used in patients with end-stage renal failure. Onset of the relaxants were, in some cases, accelerated and no-response period of mivacurium was prolonged in patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing dialysis therapy. End-stage renal failure prolonged the no-response period and duration of action of vecuronium and rocuronium after repeated incremental doses, but did not alter those attributed to atracurium.