奥氮平双羟萘酸盐的制备及体外释放度的研究

目的采用无菌生产工艺制备由不同粒度组成的奥氮平双羟萘酸盐,并对其体外累计释放度进行评价。方法 研究了奥氮平双羟萘酸盐在不同溶剂及不同浓度条件下的溶解度,找到其漏槽条件,通过体外释放度试验,对比制备的不同粒径奥氮平双羟萘酸盐与原研制剂体外释放行为的差异。结果 为了保证奥氮平双羟萘酸盐在体内能够缓慢、持续、有效地释放,我们需要对奥氮平双羟萘酸盐的粒度及其分布进行控制,即d(0.1)约为0.7μm,d(0.5)约为1.7μm,d(0.9)约为3.7μm。结论 通过气流磨粉碎技术适合于控制奥氮平双羟萘酸盐的粒度及其分布,制备的样品较普通制剂体外释放具有明显的缓释特征,能够提高患者的顺应性,更方便用药。

奥氮平双羟萘酸盐长效注射剂体外溶出度的测定

目的：建立奥氮平双羟萘酸盐长效注射剂的体外溶出度方法。方法：采用HPLC法测定奥氮平双羟萘酸盐长效注射剂的溶出度,采用浆法测定药物溶出度,溶出介质为0.5%十二烷基硫酸钠（SLS）模拟肌液（p H 7.0±0.05）,体积为500 ml,分别考察不同转速（25,50,75 r·min^-1）对自制制剂溶出行为的影响。结果：双羟萘酸在2.15-107.40 mg·L^-1（r=0.999 9）内,奥氮平在1.75-87.40 mg·L^-1（r=0.999 9）内浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系。奥氮平双羟萘酸盐的平均回收率为99.80%（RSD=0.55%,n=9）;自制制剂和原研制剂在溶出介质中溶出度相似因子f2为70.80。结论：溶出度测定方法能够有效控制该奥氮平双羟萘酸盐长效注射剂的产品质量。

天然混合羧酸盐驱油剂在中原油田的应用

针对中原胡状油田原油含蜡量高 ,胶质沥青质含量高 ,水矿化度高、Ca2 +、Mg2 +离子含量的特点 ,筛选出天然混合羧酸盐SD复合驱配方体系。现场单井吞吐和井组区块驱油试验都获得了成功并取得明显的经济效益 ,投入产出比为 1∶3— 5。

羟氨苄青霉素克拉维酸盐用药分析

目的 :分析羟氨苄青霉素克拉维酸盐在13城市所占 β-内酰胺类的比例和医院普及率 ,比较不同剂型所占的比例。方法 :统计了全国13城市入网医院中抗感染药、β-内酰胺类 (青霉素类 )及羟氨苄青霉素克拉维酸盐总的用药金额。结果 :羟氨苄青霉素克拉维酸盐占β-内酰胺类18 3 % ,典型医院普及率为74 4 % ,其中口服制剂占41 7 % ,粉针剂占58 3 %。结论

氯化钠和异戊醇对于石油羧酸盐界面活性的改善

研究了电解质 (Na Cl)和助剂醇 (异戊醇 )对石油羧酸盐活性剂体系 (2 #-4 E,2 #-6E)界面活性的影响。实验结果表明 ,在活性剂体系 2 #-4 E和 2 #-6E中加入 Na Cl和异戊醇 ,可大大改善活性剂体系的界面活性 ;加入 Na

脂肪醇醚羧酸盐对皮革脱脂性能的研究

通过正交试验详细研究了脂肪醇醚羧酸盐的用量、脱脂温度、ｐＨ值及脱脂时间对猪皮脱脂效果的影响，确定了脂肪醇醚羧酸盐的最适脱脂工艺条件。表３，图３。

聚羧酸盐多元共聚物高效减水剂的研制

在水溶液体系合成低坍落度损失的聚羧酸盐高效减水剂 ,研究了影响分子量、聚合率的因素 ,研究了羧酸盐共聚物单体组成变化对分散性能的影响 ,以及复配对高效减水剂性能的影响。

高效液相色谱法测定奥氮平双羟萘酸盐一水合物中二甲基亚砜和二甲基甲酰胺的残留量

目的 建立了一种可以测定奥氮平双羟萘酸盐一水合物中二甲基亚砜和二甲基甲酰胺残留量的高效液相色谱方法。方法 以5%正己胺甲醇溶液为稀释剂,Agilent Zorbax Eclipse RX C_(8)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)为色谱柱,水和甲醇梯度洗脱,流速为0.75 mL·min^(-1),柱温为35℃,紫外检测波长为210 nm。结果 本法专属性良好;二甲基亚砜和二甲基甲酰胺的线性范围分别为1.517~37.934 mg·L^(-1)(r=0.9996)和0.882~8.824 mg·L^(-1)(r=0.9998),定量限分别为15.284 ng和8.842 ng,检测限分别为4.58 ng和2.65 ng,平均加样回收率分别为95.2%~119.4%(RSD为0.28%~2.2%,n=3)和97.6%~99.5%(RSD为0.31%~1.4%,n=3)。结论 该方法简便快速、准确度高、灵敏度高,可用于测定奥氮平双羟萘酸盐一水合物中二甲基亚砜和二甲基甲酰胺的残留量。

有机瞵酸盐与聚羧酸盐复合配方在热水锅炉水处理中的实验与应用

1 前言由于热水采暖比蒸汽采暖有节能显著、卫生、温度适宜、安全可靠、便于管理等优点,在北方广大采暖地区普遍采用。但在使用中在不同地区不同环境下也暴露出一些问题。热水锅炉的水质管理就是其中的一个。一方面由于采暖系统管理不善,系统大量补水造成严重的溶解氧腐蚀;另一方面负硬度水在锅内一定温度下,重碳酸盐受热分解产生碳酸盐水垢,尤其是在锅内热强度较高而水循环较薄弱的区域结垢速度极为迅速。另外采暖系统安装中未彻底清除的铸造砂,运行及停用后生成的腐蚀物也易积存于锅内形成混合水垢。这样不仅造成大量的燃料浪费,增加锅炉大修费用,而且危及锅炉的安全运行。

聚丙烯透明改性

叙述了聚丙烯 (PP)的透明改性方法和机理 ,并分析了透明改性剂对PP性能的影响。

配方

洗衣粉 工艺过程：将脂肪酸皂、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、椰油醇酰胺在70cIC～80℃混合均匀，喷成雾状，再与其他原材料（不包括聚羟酸盐和香精）混合，在振动硫化床中先用90oC～110℃的热风烘干，再经冷风老化，最后加入多羟基酸和香精。

Selection of reductants for extracting selenium and tellurium from degoldized solution of copper anode slimes

This paper focused on investigating high-efficient reductants of recovering selenium and tellurium from degoldizedsolution of copper anode slimes.Firstly,the effect of various reductants on recovery rates of Se and Te was investigated based onthermodynamic analysis of various metallic ions in degoldized solution.Secondly,the single factor experiments were made toinvestigate the effect of the process parameters on recovering Se and Te with hydrazine hydrate.Finally,the hydroxylaminehydrochloride was added to intensify the extraction efficiencies of Se and Te.The results indicated that hydrazine hydrate was themost suitable reductant,and the recovery rates of Se and Te are71.23%and76.50%,respectively;the recovery rates of Se and Tewere92.07%and97.81%,respectively,under the optimal process conditions of hydrazine hydrate dosage of0.2133mol/L,H+concentration of4.305mol/L,reaction temperature of85°C and reaction time of5h;the recovery rate of Se was97.59%,and that Tereached up to100%when hydroxylamine hydrochloride dosage was1.5116mol/L.

Exchange Reaction Between Selenite and Hydroxyl Ion of Variable Charge Soil Surfaces: Ⅱ. Kinetics of Hydroxyl Release

A self-made constant pH automated titration instrument was used to study thekinetics of hydroxyl release during selenite reacting with variable charge soils. The rate ofhydroxyl release was very rapid at the first several minutes, then gradually slowed down, and atlast did not change any more. The experimental data was well fitted by the Langmuir kineticequation, arid with increasing selenite concentration or decreasing solution pH, the reaction lastedlonger, the maximum of hydroxyl release (x_m) increased, and the binding constant (k) decreased.The time of hydroxyl release with Xuwen latosol was much longer than that with Jinxian red soil.

Industrial Synthesis of N-Methylhydroxylamine Hydrochloride by Electrochemical Reduction of Nitromethane

An industrial electrolytic cell was designed for the electrochemical synthesis of N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride （N-MHA）. Copper was used as the cathode, graphite as the anode, and a cation membrane as the separator. The results show that N-MHA with a high purity of 99% can be electrosynthesized directly from nitromethane in HC1 solution. Under a constant current of 1000-2500A.m^-2 in the temperature of 30-50℃, the average yield, current efficiency, and reaction selectivity were 65%, 70%, and 99%, respectively. Graphite electrode and membrane material can be used continuously in the preparative electrolysis for 5000h. Moreover, the effects of the electrode and membrane materials, current intensity, electrolyte temperature, and other associated parameters on the electrosynthesis results were investigated. The direct current power consumption was 8151.3kW-h-（1000kg N-MHA）^ -1. This method is a simple separation process with limited contamination and hence, is a new green synthesis method for the industrial production of N-MHA.

Mesoporous polyoxometalate-based ionic hybrid as a highly effective heterogeneous catalyst for direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol

Self‐assembled mesoporous polyoxometalate‐based ionic hybrid catalyst,[PxyDim]2.5PMoV2,was prepared by combining p‐xylene‐tethered diimidazole ionic liquid[PxyDim]Cl2with Keggin‐structured V‐substituted polyoxometalate H5PMo10V2O40.The obtained hybrid was shown to be a mesostructured and hydrophobic material with good thermal stability.In the H2O2‐based hydroxylation of benzene to phenol,the hybrid showed extraordinary catalytic activity and rate,and quite stable reusability.The unique hydrophobic properties and mesoporous structure of the hybrid were responsible for its excellent catalytic performance.

Tribological characteristics and self-repairing effect of hydroxy-magnesium silicate on various surface roughness friction pairs

Tribological characteristics and self-repairing effect of hydroxy-magnesium silicate (HMS) dispersed in lubricant oil on steel-to-steel friction pairs with various surface roughness were analyzed.The friction-reduction,anti-wear and self-repairing performance of various surface roughness friction pairs were examined by friction testing machine.An operation comparison was made between SJ10W-40 lubricant with and without HMS.The surface morphology and elementary composition of the grinding cracks were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS).The results show that the lubrication state changes from boundary lubrication into mixed lubrication after operation in lubricant with HMS.The friction-reduction,anti-wear and self-repairing performance of the friction pairs with various surface roughness are distinctly different.There is a repairing film whose material is different from substrate material on the grinding cracks.In addition,Si,Mg,O,Al and other elements are deposited on the repairing film which contains nanocrystals of these elements.And HMS self-repairing material possesses superior performance of friction-reduction,anti-wear and self-repairing effects.

Effects of phosphate precursors on morphology and oxygen evolution reaction activity of NiFe(oxy)hydroxide on nickel foams

NiFe(oxy)hydroxides nanosheets were synthesized on nickel foams via co-precipitation and electrochemical activation. It is found that the phosphate precursors(Na_(3)PO_(4), Na_(2)HPO_(4)and NaH_(2)PO_(4)) have diverse effects on the morphology and thus the oxygen evolution reaction activity of the formed final catalysts. The resulting NiFe(oxy)hydroxides nanosheets prepared with Na_(2)HPO_(4)demonstrate a low overpotential of 205 m V to achieve a current density of 50 mA/cm^(2) with a Tafel slope down to 30 mV/dec in 1 mol/L KOH, and remain stable for 20 h during stability test.

Upregulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D_3-1α-hydroxylase by butyrate in Caco-2 cells

AIM： To investigate the possible involvement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1cx-hydroxylase [1α-25（OH）2D3] in butyrate-induced differentiation in human intestinal cell line Caco-2 cells. METHODS： Caco-2 cells were incubated either with 3 mmol/L butyrate and 1 umol/L 25（OH）2D3 or with 1 umol/L 1α-25（OH）2D3 for various time intervals ranging from 0 to 72 h. Additionally, cells were co-incubated with butyrate and either 25（OH）2D3 or 1α-25（OH）2D3. 1α-25（OH）2D3 mRNA was determined semi-quantitatively using the fluorescent dye PicoGreen. Immunoblotting was used for the detection of 1α-25（OH）2D3 protein. Finally, enzymatic activity was measured by ELISA. RESULTS： Both butyrate and 1α-25（OH）2D3 stimulated differentiation of Caco-2 cells after a 48 h incubation period, while 25（OH）2D3 had no impact on cell differentiation. Synergistic effects on differentiation were observed when cells were co-incubated with butyrate and vitamin D metabolite. Butyrate transiently upregulated 1α-25（OH）2D3 mRNA followed by a timely delayed protein upregulation. Coincidently, enzymatic activity was enhanced significantly. The induction of the enzyme allowed for comparable differentiating effects of both vitamin D metabolites. CONCLUSION： Our experimental data provide a further mechanism for the involvement of the vitamin D signaling pathway in colonic epithelial cell differentiation by butyrate. The enhancement of 1α-25（OH）2D3 followed by antiproliferative effects of the vitamin D prohormone in the Caco-2 cell line suggest that 25（OH）2D3 in combination with butyrate may offer a new therapeutic approach forthe treatment of colon cancer.

Copper‐doped nickel oxyhydroxide for efficient electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation

Rational design of low‐cost and efficient electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)is imperative for electrocatalytic ethanol fuel cells.In this work,we developed a copper‐doped nickel oxyhydroxide(Cu‐doped NiOOH)catalyst via in situ electrochemical reconstruction of a NiCu alloy.The introduction of Cu dopants increases the specific surface area and more defect sites,as well as forms high‐valence Ni sites.The Cu‐doped NiOOH electrocatalyst exhibited an excellent EOR performance with a peak current density of 227 mA·cm^(–2)at 1.72 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode,high Faradic efficiencies for acetate production(>98%),and excellent electrochemical stability.Our work suggests an attractive route of designing non‐noble metal based electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation.

STUDIES ON HIGH SOLID CONTENT AND STABLE EMULSIFIER—FREE EMULSION POLYMERIZATION

In this article, AHPS (3 - allyloxy- 2 -hydrory- 1 -Propanesulfonate salt) wassynthesized to use in emulsifier-Ne emulsion polymerization of BA/BMa/MMA systemfor high solid content latexes. Storage stability klow behavior of the latexes,morphology of the obtained latex particles, dynamic viscoelastic behavior, tensilestrength and water resistance properties of the resulted copolymers were investigated.The experimental results show that with the addition of AHPS, stability of the emulsionis greatly improved that there appears no apparent precipitation dunring thepolymerization and storage at room temperature for 6 months and at -10℃ for fourmonths. Flow of the latexes follows the Bingham body laws, diameter of the latexparticles is about 0.6μn, of which is larger than that of by conventional emulsionpolymerization(0.12μm). In addition, not only water resistance of the copolymersobtained by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization is greatly improved, but alsotensile strength is obviously enhanced.