The effects of farming method, rice variety and seedling-raising method were studied on the population growth quality and grain yield of the mechanized transplanting rice by way of three-factor split plot design. The ...The effects of farming method, rice variety and seedling-raising method were studied on the population growth quality and grain yield of the mechanized transplanting rice by way of three-factor split plot design. The results showed that the no-tillage mechanical transplanting treatment was poorer than the conventional mechanical transplanting treatment in transplanting quality in general, but the former was similar to the latter in population growth quality. In regard to grain yield, the no-tillage mechanical transplanting treatment was lower than the conventional me- chanical transplanting treatment. Raising both pot-mat seedling and plastic-tray seedling did not make much difference in population growth and grain yield of mechanized transplanting rice, so both of the seedling-raising methods can be adopted according to practical conditions.展开更多
With the rising of the Empire, 18th century Britain went through significant changes. Politics and economy in tandem with people＇s mobility led to the emergence of new and faster ways of climbing the social ladder, s...With the rising of the Empire, 18th century Britain went through significant changes. Politics and economy in tandem with people＇s mobility led to the emergence of new and faster ways of climbing the social ladder, shaping new social groups with newly acquired needs, that is, with lifestyles quite distinct from the previously known ones. The colonies with their increasing commercial activities and their equally growing administration created innumerable jobs, some of which proved to be very profitable indeed. People from all walks of life, from either the working class or to the aristocracy, tried their luck crossing the Atlantic to start a whole new life. After the loss of the American colonies, it fell on the South Asia dominions, i.e., India, to play the role of the land of opportunity. After the Battle of Plassey （1757） and of Buxar （1764）, the East India Company was politically empowered. India was in those days seen as a land of great potential： By either means of legitimate or corrupt business, one could possibly become immensely rich in a short time. These nouveau-riches, the so called ＂nabobs,＂ also adopted many shadings of authoritarianism and ostentation thought to be common among oriental leaders; the nawabs, they were called after. Once back in Great Britain, their manners, or the lack of them, and their display of wealth upset British public opinion some much that, as was to be expected, it resulted on their becoming the object of ridicule and ostracism in periodicals, theatre plays, poems, caricatures... Nevertheless, they actively contributed to structural changes in the meaning and uses of wealth, interfered in politics and inter-class relationships, created more jobs, and were keen on experimenting new methods either in agriculture, building, or industry. This paper, though acknowledging these relevant consequences, aims at highlighting their impact on the sphere of aesthetics. The forms and textures, the motives, and the colors they adopted in their clothing, their jewelry, as well as in their architectural projects brought forth a kind of flamboyant baroque. According to Deleuze＇s notion of the baroque （The Fold. Leibniz and the Baroque, 1993）, the assertion that the nabobs unfolded new, more colourful urban and rural landscapes is certainly possible to sustain. Marian Hastings, second wife to Warren Hastings, the first de facto Governor-General of India from 1773 to 1785, was considered the epitome of the ＂nabobina,＂ a feminine nabob. So, the ensuing paper will focus on her description in Eliza Ryves＇s satirical poem The Hastiniad, comparing it with some factual data about Marian Hastings＇s style, and the Hastings couple＇s home at Daylesford, Gloucestershire.展开更多
We proposed an aggregation model of two species aggregates of fitness and population to study the interaction between the two species in their exchange-driven processes of the same species by introducing the monomer b...We proposed an aggregation model of two species aggregates of fitness and population to study the interaction between the two species in their exchange-driven processes of the same species by introducing the monomer birth of fitness catalyzed by the population, where the fitness aggregates perform self-death process and the population aggregates perform self-birth process. The kinetic behaviors of the aggregate size distributions of the fitness and population were analyzed by the rate equation approach with their exchange rate kernel K1（k,j） = K1kj and K2（k,j） = K2kj, the fitness aggregate＇s self-death rate kernel J1 （ k ） = J1 k, population aggregate＇s self-birth rate kernel J2（ k ） = J2k and population-catalyzed fitness birth rate kernel I（k,j） = Ikj＇. The kinetic behavior of the fitness was found depending crucially on the parameter v, which reflects the dependence of the population-catalyzed fitness birth rate on the size of the catalyst （population） aggregate. （i） In the v ≤ 0 case, the effect of catalyzed-birth of fitness is rather weak and the exchange-driven aggregation and self-death of the fitness dominate the process, and the fitness aggregate size distribution αk（t） does not have scale form. （ii） When v ≥0, the effect of the population-catalyzed birth of fitness gets strong enough, and the catalyzed-birth and self-death of the fitness aggregates, together with the self-birth of the population aggregates dominate the evolution process of the fitness aggregates. The aggregate size distribution αk （t） approaches a generalized scaling form.展开更多
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Innovation Program for High-yielding and High-efficiency Grain Crops(2013BAD07B13-02)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303102)~~
文摘The effects of farming method, rice variety and seedling-raising method were studied on the population growth quality and grain yield of the mechanized transplanting rice by way of three-factor split plot design. The results showed that the no-tillage mechanical transplanting treatment was poorer than the conventional mechanical transplanting treatment in transplanting quality in general, but the former was similar to the latter in population growth quality. In regard to grain yield, the no-tillage mechanical transplanting treatment was lower than the conventional me- chanical transplanting treatment. Raising both pot-mat seedling and plastic-tray seedling did not make much difference in population growth and grain yield of mechanized transplanting rice, so both of the seedling-raising methods can be adopted according to practical conditions.
文摘With the rising of the Empire, 18th century Britain went through significant changes. Politics and economy in tandem with people＇s mobility led to the emergence of new and faster ways of climbing the social ladder, shaping new social groups with newly acquired needs, that is, with lifestyles quite distinct from the previously known ones. The colonies with their increasing commercial activities and their equally growing administration created innumerable jobs, some of which proved to be very profitable indeed. People from all walks of life, from either the working class or to the aristocracy, tried their luck crossing the Atlantic to start a whole new life. After the loss of the American colonies, it fell on the South Asia dominions, i.e., India, to play the role of the land of opportunity. After the Battle of Plassey （1757） and of Buxar （1764）, the East India Company was politically empowered. India was in those days seen as a land of great potential： By either means of legitimate or corrupt business, one could possibly become immensely rich in a short time. These nouveau-riches, the so called ＂nabobs,＂ also adopted many shadings of authoritarianism and ostentation thought to be common among oriental leaders; the nawabs, they were called after. Once back in Great Britain, their manners, or the lack of them, and their display of wealth upset British public opinion some much that, as was to be expected, it resulted on their becoming the object of ridicule and ostracism in periodicals, theatre plays, poems, caricatures... Nevertheless, they actively contributed to structural changes in the meaning and uses of wealth, interfered in politics and inter-class relationships, created more jobs, and were keen on experimenting new methods either in agriculture, building, or industry. This paper, though acknowledging these relevant consequences, aims at highlighting their impact on the sphere of aesthetics. The forms and textures, the motives, and the colors they adopted in their clothing, their jewelry, as well as in their architectural projects brought forth a kind of flamboyant baroque. According to Deleuze＇s notion of the baroque （The Fold. Leibniz and the Baroque, 1993）, the assertion that the nabobs unfolded new, more colourful urban and rural landscapes is certainly possible to sustain. Marian Hastings, second wife to Warren Hastings, the first de facto Governor-General of India from 1773 to 1785, was considered the epitome of the ＂nabobina,＂ a feminine nabob. So, the ensuing paper will focus on her description in Eliza Ryves＇s satirical poem The Hastiniad, comparing it with some factual data about Marian Hastings＇s style, and the Hastings couple＇s home at Daylesford, Gloucestershire.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10275048 and 10305009the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China under Grant No.102067
文摘We proposed an aggregation model of two species aggregates of fitness and population to study the interaction between the two species in their exchange-driven processes of the same species by introducing the monomer birth of fitness catalyzed by the population, where the fitness aggregates perform self-death process and the population aggregates perform self-birth process. The kinetic behaviors of the aggregate size distributions of the fitness and population were analyzed by the rate equation approach with their exchange rate kernel K1（k,j） = K1kj and K2（k,j） = K2kj, the fitness aggregate＇s self-death rate kernel J1 （ k ） = J1 k, population aggregate＇s self-birth rate kernel J2（ k ） = J2k and population-catalyzed fitness birth rate kernel I（k,j） = Ikj＇. The kinetic behavior of the fitness was found depending crucially on the parameter v, which reflects the dependence of the population-catalyzed fitness birth rate on the size of the catalyst （population） aggregate. （i） In the v ≤ 0 case, the effect of catalyzed-birth of fitness is rather weak and the exchange-driven aggregation and self-death of the fitness dominate the process, and the fitness aggregate size distribution αk（t） does not have scale form. （ii） When v ≥0, the effect of the population-catalyzed birth of fitness gets strong enough, and the catalyzed-birth and self-death of the fitness aggregates, together with the self-birth of the population aggregates dominate the evolution process of the fitness aggregates. The aggregate size distribution αk （t） approaches a generalized scaling form.
