为了解南湾水库底栖动物现状,于2015～2016年对该水库按季节进行了周年调查。调查中共检出20种(水生昆虫12种,寡毛类7种,其他类群1种),全年优势种为霍甫水丝蚓、德永摇蚊和前突摇蚊。经MRPP检验,底栖动物群落结构存在季节差异,春季显著...为了解南湾水库底栖动物现状,于2015～2016年对该水库按季节进行了周年调查。调查中共检出20种(水生昆虫12种,寡毛类7种,其他类群1种),全年优势种为霍甫水丝蚓、德永摇蚊和前突摇蚊。经MRPP检验,底栖动物群落结构存在季节差异,春季显著不同于夏秋冬季,且夏秋冬季群落结构差异不显著。底栖动物平均密度和生物量分别为171.43 ind./m2和0.503 4 g/m2,寡毛类对密度的贡献比为75.20%,水生昆虫对生物量的贡献比为80.65%。底栖动物密度和生物量季节差异显著,Shannon-wiener指数春季>冬季>夏季>秋季。群落状态指数(Integral Index of Communities State,IICS)季节差异显著,南湾水库水生态状况春冬季要好于夏秋季。底栖动物现存量处于较低水平可能与该水库季节性水温分层现象突出以及水体处于富营养状态有关。结合水质理化指标,该水库采用IICS指数对水生态状态进行定量评估较为适宜。根据IICS指数与环境因子相关性分析结果,发现随着水温的升高,藻类的过度旺盛生长对底栖动物种群具有一定的抑制作用,特别是水体交换率较低且存在较长时间温跃层的水库。展开更多
The aim of this study was to determine the phytoplankton community structures of reservoirs of different trophic status, located in a cold region. Physical and chemical variables and the phytoplankton communities were...The aim of this study was to determine the phytoplankton community structures of reservoirs of different trophic status, located in a cold region. Physical and chemical variables and the phytoplankton communities were investigated in two reservoirs (Xiquanyan Reservoir and Taoshan Reservoir) in Northeast China in 2009. The two reservoirs showed strong seasonal fluctuations in their physical and chemical composition. Results of the trophic status index indicated that Xiaquanyan Reservoir was mesotrophic, whilst Taoshan Reservoir was eutrophic. Diatoms were the dominant phytoplankton group in Xiquanyan Reservoir throughout all seasons of the study, while in Taoshan Reservoir, diatoms dominated in spring, and cyanobacteria dominated in summer and autumn. This difference was resulted from differences in local environmental factors, including nutrients and hydrology. This study suggests that in mesotrophic reservoirs, nutrients played a key role in controlling seasonal phytoplankton successions, whereas in eutrophic reservoirs water temperature was the key factor in a cold region. Notably, the dominant species in summer in the Taoshan Reservoir was Microcystis, which may produce toxins depending on the ambient conditions, and presenting a risk of local toxin contamination.展开更多
When facilitating other species and sustaining plant community structures and biodiversity,alpine cushion plants simultaneously experience negative feedback effects from surrounding vegetation.However,the impact of su...When facilitating other species and sustaining plant community structures and biodiversity,alpine cushion plants simultaneously experience negative feedback effects from surrounding vegetation.However,the impact of surrounding vegetation on cushion dynamics remains poorly understood,particularly in terms of allelopathic potentials.To investigate the allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation on seedling establishment of the typical cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides Edgew.along an elevational gradient,we extracted potential allelopathic compounds and tested their impacts on seed germination and seedling growth of A.polytrichoides.In addition,exclusion experiments using activated carbon were conducted to further elucidate these effects.Our results demonstrate that surrounding vegetation exhibits certain allelopathic potentials on A.polytrichoides seedling establishment,with variations observed based on elevation,source and concentration of allelopathy compounds,as well as growing season.Specifcally,low-elevation vegetation exerts pronounced suppression on seedling establishment.Conversely,higher-elevation vegetation generally shows no effect on seed germination but stimulates seedling growth through allelopathy mechanisms.Moreover,aboveground vegetation predominantly inhibits both seed germination and seedling growth in low-elevation communities;however,the effects of belowground vegetation depend on elevation and extract concentration levels.The identifed allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation signifcantly infuence the population dynamics of cushion A.polytrichoides by potentially accelerating population degeneration in lower-elevation communities while ensuring consistent population recruitment and expansion in higher-elevation communities.展开更多
Aims Functional traits are usually used to predict plant demographic rates without considering environmental contexts.However,previous studies have consistently found that traits have low explanatory power for plant d...Aims Functional traits are usually used to predict plant demographic rates without considering environmental contexts.However,previous studies have consistently found that traits have low explanatory power for plant demographic rates.We hypothesized that accounting for environmental contexts instead of focusing on traits alone could improve our understanding of how traits influence plant demographic rates.Methods We used generalized linear mixed-effect models to analyse the effects of functional traits(related to leaf,stem,seed and whole plant),environmental gradients(soil nutrients,water and elevation)and their interactions on the survival dynamics of 14133 saplings and 3289 adults in a 9-ha old-growth temperate forest plot.Important Findings We found that environmental variables,neighbour crowding and traits alone(i.e.main effects)influenced plant survival.However,the effects of the latter two variables varied between saplings and adults.The trait–environment interactions influenced plant survival,such that resource conservative traits increased plant survival under harsh conditions but decreased survival under mild conditions.The elevational gradient was the most important environmental factor driving these effects in our plot.Our results support the hypothesis that functional traits influence plant survival depending on environmental contexts in local communities.These results also imply that one species with limited trait variation cannot occupy all environments,which can promote species diversity.展开更多
文摘为了解南湾水库底栖动物现状,于2015～2016年对该水库按季节进行了周年调查。调查中共检出20种(水生昆虫12种,寡毛类7种,其他类群1种),全年优势种为霍甫水丝蚓、德永摇蚊和前突摇蚊。经MRPP检验,底栖动物群落结构存在季节差异,春季显著不同于夏秋冬季,且夏秋冬季群落结构差异不显著。底栖动物平均密度和生物量分别为171.43 ind./m2和0.503 4 g/m2,寡毛类对密度的贡献比为75.20%,水生昆虫对生物量的贡献比为80.65%。底栖动物密度和生物量季节差异显著,Shannon-wiener指数春季>冬季>夏季>秋季。群落状态指数(Integral Index of Communities State,IICS)季节差异显著,南湾水库水生态状况春冬季要好于夏秋季。底栖动物现存量处于较低水平可能与该水库季节性水温分层现象突出以及水体处于富营养状态有关。结合水质理化指标,该水库采用IICS指数对水生态状态进行定量评估较为适宜。根据IICS指数与环境因子相关性分析结果,发现随着水温的升高,藻类的过度旺盛生长对底栖动物种群具有一定的抑制作用,特别是水体交换率较低且存在较长时间温跃层的水库。
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.DL11BA20)the GRAP09-Excellent Doctor Paper of Northeast Forestry Universitythe Science and Technology Project of Heilongjiang Province(No.GBQ9C103)
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the phytoplankton community structures of reservoirs of different trophic status, located in a cold region. Physical and chemical variables and the phytoplankton communities were investigated in two reservoirs (Xiquanyan Reservoir and Taoshan Reservoir) in Northeast China in 2009. The two reservoirs showed strong seasonal fluctuations in their physical and chemical composition. Results of the trophic status index indicated that Xiaquanyan Reservoir was mesotrophic, whilst Taoshan Reservoir was eutrophic. Diatoms were the dominant phytoplankton group in Xiquanyan Reservoir throughout all seasons of the study, while in Taoshan Reservoir, diatoms dominated in spring, and cyanobacteria dominated in summer and autumn. This difference was resulted from differences in local environmental factors, including nutrients and hydrology. This study suggests that in mesotrophic reservoirs, nutrients played a key role in controlling seasonal phytoplankton successions, whereas in eutrophic reservoirs water temperature was the key factor in a cold region. Notably, the dominant species in summer in the Taoshan Reservoir was Microcystis, which may produce toxins depending on the ambient conditions, and presenting a risk of local toxin contamination.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientifc Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0502)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20050203)+1 种基金the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project(202001AT070060,202301AS070058)the Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province(202205AC160053)。
文摘When facilitating other species and sustaining plant community structures and biodiversity,alpine cushion plants simultaneously experience negative feedback effects from surrounding vegetation.However,the impact of surrounding vegetation on cushion dynamics remains poorly understood,particularly in terms of allelopathic potentials.To investigate the allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation on seedling establishment of the typical cushion plant Arenaria polytrichoides Edgew.along an elevational gradient,we extracted potential allelopathic compounds and tested their impacts on seed germination and seedling growth of A.polytrichoides.In addition,exclusion experiments using activated carbon were conducted to further elucidate these effects.Our results demonstrate that surrounding vegetation exhibits certain allelopathic potentials on A.polytrichoides seedling establishment,with variations observed based on elevation,source and concentration of allelopathy compounds,as well as growing season.Specifcally,low-elevation vegetation exerts pronounced suppression on seedling establishment.Conversely,higher-elevation vegetation generally shows no effect on seed germination but stimulates seedling growth through allelopathy mechanisms.Moreover,aboveground vegetation predominantly inhibits both seed germination and seedling growth in low-elevation communities;however,the effects of belowground vegetation depend on elevation and extract concentration levels.The identifed allelopathic potentials of surrounding vegetation signifcantly infuence the population dynamics of cushion A.polytrichoides by potentially accelerating population degeneration in lower-elevation communities while ensuring consistent population recruitment and expansion in higher-elevation communities.
基金This study was financially supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(31870399,32071533)the Strategic Priority ResearchProgram of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31030000).
文摘Aims Functional traits are usually used to predict plant demographic rates without considering environmental contexts.However,previous studies have consistently found that traits have low explanatory power for plant demographic rates.We hypothesized that accounting for environmental contexts instead of focusing on traits alone could improve our understanding of how traits influence plant demographic rates.Methods We used generalized linear mixed-effect models to analyse the effects of functional traits(related to leaf,stem,seed and whole plant),environmental gradients(soil nutrients,water and elevation)and their interactions on the survival dynamics of 14133 saplings and 3289 adults in a 9-ha old-growth temperate forest plot.Important Findings We found that environmental variables,neighbour crowding and traits alone(i.e.main effects)influenced plant survival.However,the effects of the latter two variables varied between saplings and adults.The trait–environment interactions influenced plant survival,such that resource conservative traits increased plant survival under harsh conditions but decreased survival under mild conditions.The elevational gradient was the most important environmental factor driving these effects in our plot.Our results support the hypothesis that functional traits influence plant survival depending on environmental contexts in local communities.These results also imply that one species with limited trait variation cannot occupy all environments,which can promote species diversity.
