Since the 20th century, the subculture, once a marginal cultural phenomenon, has been transformed into a global post-subculture. In this process, subcultural groups have undergone profound changes in multiple aspects....Since the 20th century, the subculture, once a marginal cultural phenomenon, has been transformed into a global post-subculture. In this process, subcultural groups have undergone profound changes in multiple aspects. Hybridity, openness, and dissolution of depth become the keywords to understand youth subcultures. This paper is attempted to explore its discursive changes in comptemporary subcultures. By describing and interpreting the most popular subcultural discourse--hip-hop discourse, it is found that counter language often used in the subcultural discourse has been weakened and new strategies, such as code switching and semiotic games arise. The paper argues that with the transition of discursive strategies, subcultural groups attempt to weave the network of the global subcultures and create an interactive discursive space for global youth.展开更多
Unlike nonspecific adhesion of conventional hard materials in engineering commonly described by JKR and DMT type models,the molecular adhesion via specific receptor-ligand bonds is stochastic by nature and has the fea...Unlike nonspecific adhesion of conventional hard materials in engineering commonly described by JKR and DMT type models,the molecular adhesion via specific receptor-ligand bonds is stochastic by nature and has the feature that its strength strongly depends on the medium stiffness surrounding the adhesion.In this paper,we demonstrate in a stochastic-elasticity framework that a type of materials with linearly graded elastic modulus can be designed to achieve "equal load sharing" and enhanced cooperative rebinding among interfacial molecular bonds.Upon modulus gradation,multiple molecular bonds can be elastically decoupled but statistically cooperative.In general,uniform molecular adhesion can be accomplished by two strategies:homogeneous materials with sufficient stiffness higher than a threshold or heterogeneous materials satisfying the criterion on modulus gradation.These results not only provide a theoretical principle for possible applications of functionally graded materials in quantitatively controlling cell-matrix adhesion,but also have general implications on adhesion between soft materials mediated by specific molecular binding.展开更多
文摘Since the 20th century, the subculture, once a marginal cultural phenomenon, has been transformed into a global post-subculture. In this process, subcultural groups have undergone profound changes in multiple aspects. Hybridity, openness, and dissolution of depth become the keywords to understand youth subcultures. This paper is attempted to explore its discursive changes in comptemporary subcultures. By describing and interpreting the most popular subcultural discourse--hip-hop discourse, it is found that counter language often used in the subcultural discourse has been weakened and new strategies, such as code switching and semiotic games arise. The paper argues that with the transition of discursive strategies, subcultural groups attempt to weave the network of the global subcultures and create an interactive discursive space for global youth.
基金supported by the Start-up Funding from Young Thousand-Talent Program of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (Grant No. 2011XZZX002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11072273)
文摘Unlike nonspecific adhesion of conventional hard materials in engineering commonly described by JKR and DMT type models,the molecular adhesion via specific receptor-ligand bonds is stochastic by nature and has the feature that its strength strongly depends on the medium stiffness surrounding the adhesion.In this paper,we demonstrate in a stochastic-elasticity framework that a type of materials with linearly graded elastic modulus can be designed to achieve "equal load sharing" and enhanced cooperative rebinding among interfacial molecular bonds.Upon modulus gradation,multiple molecular bonds can be elastically decoupled but statistically cooperative.In general,uniform molecular adhesion can be accomplished by two strategies:homogeneous materials with sufficient stiffness higher than a threshold or heterogeneous materials satisfying the criterion on modulus gradation.These results not only provide a theoretical principle for possible applications of functionally graded materials in quantitatively controlling cell-matrix adhesion,but also have general implications on adhesion between soft materials mediated by specific molecular binding.
