Fecal Coliform Bacteria （FCB） of marine waters was monitored in Luoyuan Bay from January, 2003 to December, 2005. The results showed that number of FCB in marine water samples ranged from no detection （ 〈2 cfu/100...Fecal Coliform Bacteria （FCB） of marine waters was monitored in Luoyuan Bay from January, 2003 to December, 2005. The results showed that number of FCB in marine water samples ranged from no detection （ 〈2 cfu/100 mL） to 540 cfu/100 mL in Luoyuan Bay. Values of FCB during August to October were significantly higher than those during January to April during three year period. Monthly changes of FCB values at each year period were mainly due to monthly precipitation. In addition, compared with FCB values in difference sample sites, values of FCB in Bay-heed were significantly higher than those in middle of bay and Bay-mouth, Luoyuan Bay. However, values of FCB in Bay-mouth were significantly less than those in middle of bay. The ratios to the par of FCB in 2003, 2004, and 2005 years were 100%, 98.0%, and 97.9%, respectively. Therefore, we considered that the pollution of FCB of surface marine water in Luoyuan Bay was not serious.展开更多
With rapid development of urbanization and regional interaction and interdependence, regional urban agglomeration planning becomes more and more important in China, in order to promote integrated development of variou...With rapid development of urbanization and regional interaction and interdependence, regional urban agglomeration planning becomes more and more important in China, in order to promote integrated development of various cities with close interrelationship. However, it is still arguable academically on how to define the boundary or which cities to be included for the urban agglomeration of a region. This paper aims to shed lights on how to identify urban spheres of influence scientifically by introducing field modeling method and by practicing a case study on 168 cities in Central China. In our field modeling method, the influence intensities of cities were measured by a compre-ensive index and urban spheres of influence were represented spatially by field intensity. Then, their classification and spatial distribution characteristics of study area in 2007 were identified and explored by using GIS and statistical methods. The result showed that： 1） Wuhan is the absolute dominant city in Central China; 2） the provincial capital cities dominate their own provinces and there are no other lower grade agglomeration centers; and 3） the basic types of organization form of urban sphere of influence are single-polar type, agglomeration type, close-related group type and loose-related group type.展开更多
Spatial and vertical distribution of phytoplankton community were examined in the coast of the south of the Kerkennah Islands at three different depths 0, 2 and 6 m during the winter 2009 at 6 sampling stations. A tot...Spatial and vertical distribution of phytoplankton community were examined in the coast of the south of the Kerkennah Islands at three different depths 0, 2 and 6 m during the winter 2009 at 6 sampling stations. A total of 49 taxa belonging to five phytoplankton groups were identified （H＇=1.7 to 3.5 bits＇cell^-1）. Dinoflagellates and Diatoms were the most abundant phytoplankton groups which reached 27 and 71% of total abundance, respectively. The spatial distribution of the phytoplankton abundance showed a significant variation between the stations （P 〈 0.001）. While the vertical distribution of total phytoplankton showed a clear pattem, ANOVA test showed only an insignificant variation between the different depths at each station （P 〉 0.01）. On the whole, the maximum abundance of phytoplankton was recorded at the depths of 2 and 6 m （6 ×10^3 ind..Ll）. This might be due to the decrease of the nutrient concentrations in deeper water specially those of phosphate.展开更多
In this article,we relocated the seismic source location of the earthquakes in the Muli area of Sichuan,inverted the focal mechanism of the larger earthquakes and analyzed the relationship between the water level of t...In this article,we relocated the seismic source location of the earthquakes in the Muli area of Sichuan,inverted the focal mechanism of the larger earthquakes and analyzed the relationship between the water level of the Jinping reservoir and the frequency of the earthquake swarm. The results show that:( 1) The epicenters of the relocated small earthquake swarms are distributed in a seismic zone,and the earthquake focal depths were in the range of 0- 12 km.( 2) By analyzing the earthquake swarm spatial distribution,we found that the swarms were generated by one branch fault on the west of Xiaojinhe fault.( 3) The focal mechanism of the three earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4. 0 is significantly different,with the shallow source thrust events affected by vertical stress,and the strike-slip events are related to regional stress tectonic activity.展开更多
The Changbai Mountains, located in northeastern China, show clear vertical zonation of vegetation types. Six different habitats,namely Pinus koraiensis mixed broad-leaved forest, Pinus koraiensis-Picea forest, spruce-...The Changbai Mountains, located in northeastern China, show clear vertical zonation of vegetation types. Six different habitats,namely Pinus koraiensis mixed broad-leaved forest, Pinus koraiensis-Picea forest, spruce-fir forest, Betula ermanii forest, alpine meadow and alpine semi-desert, at elevations ranging from 780 to 2 480 m, covering almost all ecosystems on the north slope of the Changbai Mountains, were investigated to determine: i) whether or not the community composition of soil mesofauna varied significantly at different elevations; ii) if different soil mesofauna groups would respond differently to elevation and iii) which factors influenced the spatial distribution of soil mesofauna along elevation. Soil mesofauna were collected from each habitat in spring(May),summer(July) and autumn(September) of 2009. The soil mesofauna communities were comprised of at least 44 groups and were dominated by Acari and Collembola, followed by Coleoptera, Diptera larvae and Enchytraeidae. The composition, diversity and abundance of soil mesofauna varied among the six habitats. Meanwhile, significant seasonal variations were observed in the composition,abundance and diversity of the soil mesofauna in each habitat. The taxonomic richness and Shannon index were affected by elevation and soil properties, while the abundance was only significantly affected by soil properties. With regard to taxa, the habitats and seasons had significant effects on almost all the abundances of the major taxonomic groups. The abundance of more taxonomic groups was significantly influenced by the soil properties, while those of Geophilomorpha, Araneae and other taxa were affected by elevation.It is concluded that the composition and spatial distribution of the soil mesofauna varied along the elevation gradient on the north slope of the Changbai Mountains, which might be largely related to the variations of the plant community, soil properties and climate change resulting from the elevation gradient.展开更多
文摘Fecal Coliform Bacteria （FCB） of marine waters was monitored in Luoyuan Bay from January, 2003 to December, 2005. The results showed that number of FCB in marine water samples ranged from no detection （ 〈2 cfu/100 mL） to 540 cfu/100 mL in Luoyuan Bay. Values of FCB during August to October were significantly higher than those during January to April during three year period. Monthly changes of FCB values at each year period were mainly due to monthly precipitation. In addition, compared with FCB values in difference sample sites, values of FCB in Bay-heed were significantly higher than those in middle of bay and Bay-mouth, Luoyuan Bay. However, values of FCB in Bay-mouth were significantly less than those in middle of bay. The ratios to the par of FCB in 2003, 2004, and 2005 years were 100%, 98.0%, and 97.9%, respectively. Therefore, we considered that the pollution of FCB of surface marine water in Luoyuan Bay was not serious.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40971102)Knowledge Innovation Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-YW-322)Special Grant for Postgraduates' Scientific Innovation and Social Practice in 2008
文摘With rapid development of urbanization and regional interaction and interdependence, regional urban agglomeration planning becomes more and more important in China, in order to promote integrated development of various cities with close interrelationship. However, it is still arguable academically on how to define the boundary or which cities to be included for the urban agglomeration of a region. This paper aims to shed lights on how to identify urban spheres of influence scientifically by introducing field modeling method and by practicing a case study on 168 cities in Central China. In our field modeling method, the influence intensities of cities were measured by a compre-ensive index and urban spheres of influence were represented spatially by field intensity. Then, their classification and spatial distribution characteristics of study area in 2007 were identified and explored by using GIS and statistical methods. The result showed that： 1） Wuhan is the absolute dominant city in Central China; 2） the provincial capital cities dominate their own provinces and there are no other lower grade agglomeration centers; and 3） the basic types of organization form of urban sphere of influence are single-polar type, agglomeration type, close-related group type and loose-related group type.
文摘Spatial and vertical distribution of phytoplankton community were examined in the coast of the south of the Kerkennah Islands at three different depths 0, 2 and 6 m during the winter 2009 at 6 sampling stations. A total of 49 taxa belonging to five phytoplankton groups were identified （H＇=1.7 to 3.5 bits＇cell^-1）. Dinoflagellates and Diatoms were the most abundant phytoplankton groups which reached 27 and 71% of total abundance, respectively. The spatial distribution of the phytoplankton abundance showed a significant variation between the stations （P 〈 0.001）. While the vertical distribution of total phytoplankton showed a clear pattem, ANOVA test showed only an insignificant variation between the different depths at each station （P 〉 0.01）. On the whole, the maximum abundance of phytoplankton was recorded at the depths of 2 and 6 m （6 ×10^3 ind..Ll）. This might be due to the decrease of the nutrient concentrations in deeper water specially those of phosphate.
基金sponsored by the Regular Project of Earthquake Monitoring and Prediction in 2016(16C23ZX327)
文摘In this article,we relocated the seismic source location of the earthquakes in the Muli area of Sichuan,inverted the focal mechanism of the larger earthquakes and analyzed the relationship between the water level of the Jinping reservoir and the frequency of the earthquake swarm. The results show that:( 1) The epicenters of the relocated small earthquake swarms are distributed in a seismic zone,and the earthquake focal depths were in the range of 0- 12 km.( 2) By analyzing the earthquake swarm spatial distribution,we found that the swarms were generated by one branch fault on the west of Xiaojinhe fault.( 3) The focal mechanism of the three earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4. 0 is significantly different,with the shallow source thrust events affected by vertical stress,and the strike-slip events are related to regional stress tectonic activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41471211 and 41171207)
文摘The Changbai Mountains, located in northeastern China, show clear vertical zonation of vegetation types. Six different habitats,namely Pinus koraiensis mixed broad-leaved forest, Pinus koraiensis-Picea forest, spruce-fir forest, Betula ermanii forest, alpine meadow and alpine semi-desert, at elevations ranging from 780 to 2 480 m, covering almost all ecosystems on the north slope of the Changbai Mountains, were investigated to determine: i) whether or not the community composition of soil mesofauna varied significantly at different elevations; ii) if different soil mesofauna groups would respond differently to elevation and iii) which factors influenced the spatial distribution of soil mesofauna along elevation. Soil mesofauna were collected from each habitat in spring(May),summer(July) and autumn(September) of 2009. The soil mesofauna communities were comprised of at least 44 groups and were dominated by Acari and Collembola, followed by Coleoptera, Diptera larvae and Enchytraeidae. The composition, diversity and abundance of soil mesofauna varied among the six habitats. Meanwhile, significant seasonal variations were observed in the composition,abundance and diversity of the soil mesofauna in each habitat. The taxonomic richness and Shannon index were affected by elevation and soil properties, while the abundance was only significantly affected by soil properties. With regard to taxa, the habitats and seasons had significant effects on almost all the abundances of the major taxonomic groups. The abundance of more taxonomic groups was significantly influenced by the soil properties, while those of Geophilomorpha, Araneae and other taxa were affected by elevation.It is concluded that the composition and spatial distribution of the soil mesofauna varied along the elevation gradient on the north slope of the Changbai Mountains, which might be largely related to the variations of the plant community, soil properties and climate change resulting from the elevation gradient.
