This paper proposes a collaborative design model based on operation semantics in a distributed computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The goal is to reduce time consumption in data format conversion and the requirem...This paper proposes a collaborative design model based on operation semantics in a distributed computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The goal is to reduce time consumption in data format conversion and the requirement of network bandwidth so as to improve the cooperative ability and the synchronization efficiency. Firstly, real-time collaborative design is reviewed and three kinds of real-time collaborative design models are discussed. Secondly, the concept of operation semantics is defined and the framework of an operation semantics model is presented. The operation semantics carries the original design data and actual operation process to express design intent and operation activity in conventional CAD systems. Finally, according to the operation semantics model, a CAD operation primitive is defined which can be retrieved from and mapped to the local CAD system operation commands; a distributed CAD collaborative architecture based on the model is presented, and an example is given to verify the model.展开更多
In CSCW system, there are many long-time, cooperative, interactive transactions. Traditional transaction model and advanced transaction model do not effectively support transaction processing in CSCW system. In this p...In CSCW system, there are many long-time, cooperative, interactive transactions. Traditional transaction model and advanced transaction model do not effectively support transaction processing in CSCW system. In this paper, a semantics-based cooperative transaction model(SCTM) is put forward. This model is based on the semantics information of cooperative process and data objects, and can satisfy the demands of transaction processing in CSCW system.展开更多
There is strong relationship between melanocortin-1 receptor (MCIR) gene variants and human hair color and skin type. Based on a sequencing study of MC1R gene in 50 individuals from the Uygur, Tibetan, Wa and Dai ethn...There is strong relationship between melanocortin-1 receptor (MCIR) gene variants and human hair color and skin type. Based on a sequencing study of MC1R gene in 50 individuals from the Uygur, Tibetan, Wa and Dai ethnic populations, we discuss the occurrence of 7 mc1r variants consisting of 5 nonsynonymous sites (Val60Leu, Arg67Gln, Val92Met, Arg163Gln and Ala299Val) and 2 synonymous sites (C414T and A942G), among which C414T and Ala299Val were reported for the first time. Confirmation and analysis were the made of 122 individuals at three common point mutations (Val92Met, Arg163Gln, A942G) using PCR-SSCP. The frequency of Arg163Gln variant varies in the four ethnic populations, with percentage of 40%, 85.0%, 66. 2% and 72.7%, respectively, while those of Val92Met and A942G are roughly similar in these four populations. The different environments, migration and admixture of various ethnic groups in China might have impact on the observed frequency of Arg163Gln.展开更多
文摘This paper proposes a collaborative design model based on operation semantics in a distributed computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The goal is to reduce time consumption in data format conversion and the requirement of network bandwidth so as to improve the cooperative ability and the synchronization efficiency. Firstly, real-time collaborative design is reviewed and three kinds of real-time collaborative design models are discussed. Secondly, the concept of operation semantics is defined and the framework of an operation semantics model is presented. The operation semantics carries the original design data and actual operation process to express design intent and operation activity in conventional CAD systems. Finally, according to the operation semantics model, a CAD operation primitive is defined which can be retrieved from and mapped to the local CAD system operation commands; a distributed CAD collaborative architecture based on the model is presented, and an example is given to verify the model.
文摘In CSCW system, there are many long-time, cooperative, interactive transactions. Traditional transaction model and advanced transaction model do not effectively support transaction processing in CSCW system. In this paper, a semantics-based cooperative transaction model(SCTM) is put forward. This model is based on the semantics information of cooperative process and data objects, and can satisfy the demands of transaction processing in CSCW system.
文摘There is strong relationship between melanocortin-1 receptor (MCIR) gene variants and human hair color and skin type. Based on a sequencing study of MC1R gene in 50 individuals from the Uygur, Tibetan, Wa and Dai ethnic populations, we discuss the occurrence of 7 mc1r variants consisting of 5 nonsynonymous sites (Val60Leu, Arg67Gln, Val92Met, Arg163Gln and Ala299Val) and 2 synonymous sites (C414T and A942G), among which C414T and Ala299Val were reported for the first time. Confirmation and analysis were the made of 122 individuals at three common point mutations (Val92Met, Arg163Gln, A942G) using PCR-SSCP. The frequency of Arg163Gln variant varies in the four ethnic populations, with percentage of 40%, 85.0%, 66. 2% and 72.7%, respectively, while those of Val92Met and A942G are roughly similar in these four populations. The different environments, migration and admixture of various ethnic groups in China might have impact on the observed frequency of Arg163Gln.
