The northern Amazon Basin in Peru is one of the most diverse areas for small mammals in the world.In this work,I present information related to the diversity of bat species in the Amazonian region of Iquitos,Peru,wher...The northern Amazon Basin in Peru is one of the most diverse areas for small mammals in the world.In this work,I present information related to the diversity of bat species in the Amazonian region of Iquitos,Peru,where nearly 60%of the 152 bat species known to Peru recorded.Unlike in previous investigations in this area,bat surveys were designed to detect species living in urban and rural areas.The results have added a new bat species（Eumops delticus）to the Peruvian fauna,eight new species for the region around Iquitos（Peropteryx macrotis,Peropteryx pallidoptera,Anoura caudifer,Lionycteris spurrelli,Vampyrum spectrum,Thyroptera lavali,Cynomops planirostris,and Molossus coibensis）,and a new species for Northeast Peru（Eumops maurus）.展开更多
High precision of CFD code was used to study supercritical Airfoil RAE2822 superimposed with different shock control bumps under the transonic conditions.A successful improvement was made to current widely used Hicks-...High precision of CFD code was used to study supercritical Airfoil RAE2822 superimposed with different shock control bumps under the transonic conditions.A successful improvement was made to current widely used Hicks-Henne functions which describe shock control bumps.Based on improving the airfoil's lift-drag ratio,the study shows that,(1) the best bump crest position is at the position close to 50% of bump chord,which is almost independent of free stream or pre-shock Mach numbers,but the bump height is highly coupled with the crest position,which means that the higher the bump is,the more obviously the crest position affects the airfoil lift-drag ratio,and it becomes more evident with the increase of free stream or pre-shock Mach numbers;(2) in case that the lift-drag ratio of airfoil with bump is higher than basic airfoil,almost all the optimum distances between bump crest and shock wave are close to 30% of bump chord;(3) almost all the lift-drag ratios of airfoil with bump increase as bump chord length increases,of which this trend becomes more evident as bump height increases;(4) with the increase of the bump height,almost all the lift-drag ratios of airfoil with bump decrease at low free stream or pre-shock Mach numbers.When the Mach numbers are higher,the lift-drag ratio of airfoil increases as the increase of the bump height,and particularly,the trend tends to be visible when the Mach numbers are at a high level.展开更多
Using a combination of analytical and numerical methods, the paper studies bifurcations and chaotic motions of a two-dimensional airfoil with cubic nonlinearity in incompressible flow. One type of critical points (cha...Using a combination of analytical and numerical methods, the paper studies bifurcations and chaotic motions of a two-dimensional airfoil with cubic nonlinearity in incompressible flow. One type of critical points (characterized by a negative eigenvalue, a simple zero eigenvalue and a pair of purely imaginary eigenvalues) for the bifurcation response equations is considered. With the aid of the normal form theory, the explicit expressions of the critical bifurcation lines leading to incipient and secondary bifurcations are obtained. The stability of the bifurcation solutions is also investigated. By using the undetermined coefficient method, the homoclinic orbit is found, and the uniform convergence of the homoclinic orbit series expansion is proved. It analytically demonstrates that there exists a homoclinic orbit joining the initial equilibrium point to itself, therefore Smale horseshoe chaos occurs for this system via Si'lnikov criterion. The system evolves into chaotic motion through period-doubling bifurcation, and is periodic again as the dimensionless airflow speed increases. Numerical simulations are also given, which confirm the analytical results.展开更多
基金supported by the United States Public Health Service National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,USA(grants R01TW005860,D43TW007120,and K24AI068903)
文摘The northern Amazon Basin in Peru is one of the most diverse areas for small mammals in the world.In this work,I present information related to the diversity of bat species in the Amazonian region of Iquitos,Peru,where nearly 60%of the 152 bat species known to Peru recorded.Unlike in previous investigations in this area,bat surveys were designed to detect species living in urban and rural areas.The results have added a new bat species（Eumops delticus）to the Peruvian fauna,eight new species for the region around Iquitos（Peropteryx macrotis,Peropteryx pallidoptera,Anoura caudifer,Lionycteris spurrelli,Vampyrum spectrum,Thyroptera lavali,Cynomops planirostris,and Molossus coibensis）,and a new species for Northeast Peru（Eumops maurus）.
文摘High precision of CFD code was used to study supercritical Airfoil RAE2822 superimposed with different shock control bumps under the transonic conditions.A successful improvement was made to current widely used Hicks-Henne functions which describe shock control bumps.Based on improving the airfoil's lift-drag ratio,the study shows that,(1) the best bump crest position is at the position close to 50% of bump chord,which is almost independent of free stream or pre-shock Mach numbers,but the bump height is highly coupled with the crest position,which means that the higher the bump is,the more obviously the crest position affects the airfoil lift-drag ratio,and it becomes more evident with the increase of free stream or pre-shock Mach numbers;(2) in case that the lift-drag ratio of airfoil with bump is higher than basic airfoil,almost all the optimum distances between bump crest and shock wave are close to 30% of bump chord;(3) almost all the lift-drag ratios of airfoil with bump increase as bump chord length increases,of which this trend becomes more evident as bump height increases;(4) with the increase of the bump height,almost all the lift-drag ratios of airfoil with bump decrease at low free stream or pre-shock Mach numbers.When the Mach numbers are higher,the lift-drag ratio of airfoil increases as the increase of the bump height,and particularly,the trend tends to be visible when the Mach numbers are at a high level.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10972099, 10632040)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 20090450765)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, China (Grant No. 09JCZDJC26800)
文摘Using a combination of analytical and numerical methods, the paper studies bifurcations and chaotic motions of a two-dimensional airfoil with cubic nonlinearity in incompressible flow. One type of critical points (characterized by a negative eigenvalue, a simple zero eigenvalue and a pair of purely imaginary eigenvalues) for the bifurcation response equations is considered. With the aid of the normal form theory, the explicit expressions of the critical bifurcation lines leading to incipient and secondary bifurcations are obtained. The stability of the bifurcation solutions is also investigated. By using the undetermined coefficient method, the homoclinic orbit is found, and the uniform convergence of the homoclinic orbit series expansion is proved. It analytically demonstrates that there exists a homoclinic orbit joining the initial equilibrium point to itself, therefore Smale horseshoe chaos occurs for this system via Si'lnikov criterion. The system evolves into chaotic motion through period-doubling bifurcation, and is periodic again as the dimensionless airflow speed increases. Numerical simulations are also given, which confirm the analytical results.
