Objective To observe the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution （ANH） on coagulation function and fibrinolysis in elderly patients undergoing hepatic carcinectomy. Methods Thirty elderly patients （aged 60-70 y...Objective To observe the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution （ANH） on coagulation function and fibrinolysis in elderly patients undergoing hepatic carcinectomy. Methods Thirty elderly patients （aged 60-70 years） with liver cancer （American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II） scheduled for hepatic carcinectomy from February 2007 to February 2008 were randomly divided into ANH group （n= 15） and control group （n= 15）. After tracheal intubation, patients in ANH group and control group were infused with 6% hydroxyethyl starch （HES） （130/0.4）, and basic liquid containing 6% HES and routine Ringer＇s solution, respectively. In all the studied patients, blood samples were drawn at five different time points： before anesthesia induction （T1）, 30 minutes after ANH （T2）, 1 hour after start of operation （T3）, immediately after operation （T4）, and 24 hours after operation （Ts）. Then co- agulation function, soluble fibrin monomer complex （SFMC）, prothrombin fragment （F1＋2）, and platelet membrane glycoprotein （activated GPIIb/GPIIIa and P-selectin） were measured. Results The perioperative blood loss was not significantly different between the two groups （P〉 0.05）. The volume of allogeneic blood transfusion in ANH group was significantly smaller than that in control group （350.5±70.7 mL vs. 457.8±181.3 mL, P〈0.01）. Compared with the data ofT1, prothrombin time （PT） and activated partial thromboplastin time in both groups prolonged significantly after T3 （P〈0.05）, but still within normal range. There were no significant changes in thrombin time and D-dimer between the two groups and between different time points in each group （all P〉0.05）. SFMC and F1 ＋2 increased in both groups, but without statistical significance. P-selectin expression on the platelet surface of ANH group was significantly lowered atT2 andT3 compared with the level atT1 （P〈 0.05）. Compared with control group, P-selectin was sig-nificantly lower in ANH group atT2-T3 （all P〈0.05）. Conclusions In elderly patients undergoing resection of liver cancer, ANH may not hamper fibri- nolvsis and coagulation function. It coukt therefore be safe to largely reduce allogeneic blood transfusion.展开更多
The process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole is an important step of old-age insurance system reform in our country. At present, the process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole＇s process etxcou...The process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole is an important step of old-age insurance system reform in our country. At present, the process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole＇s process etxcountered bottlenecks. Come to the conclusion after analysis, the basic old-age insurance system across the country plan as a whole facing same questions, such as the regional income is different, the regional replacement rate of endowment insurance system is different, the ＂fragmentation＂ phenomenon of regional endowment insurance system, impact both fairness and efficiency of the basic endowment insurance system.展开更多
The pension funds entering the capital market is the trend of the times, how to ensure the security of pension funds after entering the market, it is not only related to the interest of the individual but also affect ...The pension funds entering the capital market is the trend of the times, how to ensure the security of pension funds after entering the market, it is not only related to the interest of the individual but also affect the society＇s harmonious development. This article begins with the concept of pension funds into the market, the urgency and necessity of the pension funds into the market in our country and the actual situation of the pension regulators at present. According to analysis the problems existing in the pension market regulation, then putting forward countermeasures and measures, paving the way for pension funds entering the market in our country.展开更多
At present, the overall low level of pensions, chaotic management, regardless of the central and local powers, capital depreciation of greater risk. Plus various regions of pension imbalances, leading to a pension ＂e...At present, the overall low level of pensions, chaotic management, regardless of the central and local powers, capital depreciation of greater risk. Plus various regions of pension imbalances, leading to a pension ＂empty accounts＂ has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, to achieve the basic pension national urban, it is an effective measure to deal with these problems. Manpower is a systematic project, implementation may face difficulties. Therefore, the need to coordinate all aspects of the relationship, select the appropriate time to reform, optimize the overall path, and improve related measures is to ensure the smooth implementation of integrated basis.展开更多
A 78-year-old woman presented with fever, severe abdominal pain, and distension.She had been institutionalized for depression and senile dementia.Laboratory examinations disclosed a leucocytosis(WBC:12 500/μL) and el...A 78-year-old woman presented with fever, severe abdominal pain, and distension.She had been institutionalized for depression and senile dementia.Laboratory examinations disclosed a leucocytosis(WBC:12 500/μL) and elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein(2.8 mEq/L).Diagnosis of acute cecal volvulus was made from a"coffee bean sign"on an abdominal computed tomography and a"beak sign"on a gastrographin enema.An emergent laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis and an ileo-colectomy with primary anastomosis was carried out.The patient recovered after intensive respiratory care and fluid therapy, and then returned to her former institution.A review of Japanese literature disclosed that:(1) a marked increase of aged patients with mental disability presenting with cecal volvulus,(2) adoption of ileo-colectomy as the standard surgical procedure, and(3) improved survival of the patients, were observed in the last decade.展开更多
to solve the pension problem brought by the aging and aging, community endowment service as a new endowment mode has become hot spot. Britain, the United States, Japan and other developed countries have formed a disti...to solve the pension problem brought by the aging and aging, community endowment service as a new endowment mode has become hot spot. Britain, the United States, Japan and other developed countries have formed a distinctive pattern of community endowment service. Community endowment service pattern in China is also actively explore, in the process, we accumulated a lot of valuable experience, but also there are quite a lot of problems to be solved. We should be in combination with the actual situation in our country, on the basis of draw lessons from foreign advanced community endowment development practices at the same time, set the global vision, local consciousness, people＇s standard all organic unification, perfecting endowment service system in our country, to have a more substantial development.展开更多
Using actuarial techniques, the study estimates the fired gap of pooling account and individual account respectively on on enterprise worker＇ s basic endowment insurance in Hebei province. And based on the estimation...Using actuarial techniques, the study estimates the fired gap of pooling account and individual account respectively on on enterprise worker＇ s basic endowment insurance in Hebei province. And based on the estimation, the study puts forward four policy suggestions： expand the coverage of the pension scheme; revised the number of months oft he annuities; increase the level of interest; improve financial support.展开更多
Through field investigation, questionnaire interview and interview with experts and scholars, the study of the wisdom of the elderly endowment willingness and demand, understand wisdom pension service demand and socia...Through field investigation, questionnaire interview and interview with experts and scholars, the study of the wisdom of the elderly endowment willingness and demand, understand wisdom pension service demand and social supply, and then found social in the problems that exist in the pension services will meet the wisdom, so as to put forward the targeted countermeasures and Suggestions, can cause social attention to wisdom pension services, promote and plural social capital to participate in, give full play to the role of the market.展开更多
Although male and female pronuclei reside in the same zygotic cytoplasm, they differ in many respects, such asvolume and transcriptional activity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether these differences are ...Although male and female pronuclei reside in the same zygotic cytoplasm, they differ in many respects, such asvolume and transcriptional activity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether these differences are lost during thefirst mitosis. For this purpose, a new method was developed to inhibit the mixing of two parental chromosomes duringmitosis, thus to induce the formation of two nuclei after they exit from the mitotic phase. In this method, one-cellembryos are arrested at metaphase by treatment with nocodazole, and whn exitting from the mitotic phase, two nucleiwere formed in a single karyocyte following treatment with 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP). These embryos weredesignated as post-mitotic embryos (PM-embryos), in which the two nuclei were derived from the male and femalegenomes. We found that in the control one-cell embryos that had not been treated with the reagents, the volume of themale pronucleus was about 1.65-fold greater than that of the female pronucleus, whereas the volumes of the two nucleiin the PM-embryos were similar (volume ratio of 1.01). Although a two-fold difference in transcriptional activity wasdetected between the male and female pronuclei in the control embryos, no difference in transcriptional activity wasdetected between the two nuclei of PM-embryos. The ratio of transcriptional activity in the nucleus derived from thepaternal genome to that from the maternal genome was 1.02, for which no significant difference was detected by the χ2fitness test. Therefore, the volumes and transcriptional activities of the male and female nuclei were approximately equalin PM-embryos, which suggests that the asymmetries of pronuclear volume and transcriptional activity between maleand female genomes are somehow losted during the first mitosis.展开更多
Human capital depreciation can be divided into stock depreciation and utility depreciation, which will cause the waste of human capital investment, and let human capital value fail to fully embody, affecting social de...Human capital depreciation can be divided into stock depreciation and utility depreciation, which will cause the waste of human capital investment, and let human capital value fail to fully embody, affecting social development. In the critical time of China facing population aging and economic transformation, as the new human capital of the labor market, college students play an important role to social and economic development. Therefore, preventing and mitigating their human capital depreciation is necessary. This article focus on human capital investment and configuration stage, analyze the influence of unreasonable human capital investment system and separate labor market segmentation system to college student human capital depreciation, and put forword the corresponding countermeasures.展开更多
According to the China Statistical Yearbook divided eight consumption expenditure, I set food, clothing, housing and household equipment and services as residents basic living expenses, of China＇ s rural pension repl...According to the China Statistical Yearbook divided eight consumption expenditure, I set food, clothing, housing and household equipment and services as residents basic living expenses, of China＇ s rural pension replacement rate level of demand is calculated. The financial revenue scale autoregressive model predicted 2010-2020, the scale of fiscal revenue, with Pratt ＆ Whitney type total pension should be of basic pension and substitution rate level of demand for pension accounts for fiscal revenue proportion of the international experience of fiscal income of 5% were measured and evaluated. The current basic pension in the short term to improve the life of the rural elderly has an important role, but the long-term need to continue to increase, should optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure.展开更多
基金Supported by Ningbo Medical Technology Foundation (200612)
文摘Objective To observe the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution （ANH） on coagulation function and fibrinolysis in elderly patients undergoing hepatic carcinectomy. Methods Thirty elderly patients （aged 60-70 years） with liver cancer （American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II） scheduled for hepatic carcinectomy from February 2007 to February 2008 were randomly divided into ANH group （n= 15） and control group （n= 15）. After tracheal intubation, patients in ANH group and control group were infused with 6% hydroxyethyl starch （HES） （130/0.4）, and basic liquid containing 6% HES and routine Ringer＇s solution, respectively. In all the studied patients, blood samples were drawn at five different time points： before anesthesia induction （T1）, 30 minutes after ANH （T2）, 1 hour after start of operation （T3）, immediately after operation （T4）, and 24 hours after operation （Ts）. Then co- agulation function, soluble fibrin monomer complex （SFMC）, prothrombin fragment （F1＋2）, and platelet membrane glycoprotein （activated GPIIb/GPIIIa and P-selectin） were measured. Results The perioperative blood loss was not significantly different between the two groups （P〉 0.05）. The volume of allogeneic blood transfusion in ANH group was significantly smaller than that in control group （350.5±70.7 mL vs. 457.8±181.3 mL, P〈0.01）. Compared with the data ofT1, prothrombin time （PT） and activated partial thromboplastin time in both groups prolonged significantly after T3 （P〈0.05）, but still within normal range. There were no significant changes in thrombin time and D-dimer between the two groups and between different time points in each group （all P〉0.05）. SFMC and F1 ＋2 increased in both groups, but without statistical significance. P-selectin expression on the platelet surface of ANH group was significantly lowered atT2 andT3 compared with the level atT1 （P〈 0.05）. Compared with control group, P-selectin was sig-nificantly lower in ANH group atT2-T3 （all P〈0.05）. Conclusions In elderly patients undergoing resection of liver cancer, ANH may not hamper fibri- nolvsis and coagulation function. It coukt therefore be safe to largely reduce allogeneic blood transfusion.
文摘The process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole is an important step of old-age insurance system reform in our country. At present, the process of endowment insurance system plan as a whole＇s process etxcountered bottlenecks. Come to the conclusion after analysis, the basic old-age insurance system across the country plan as a whole facing same questions, such as the regional income is different, the regional replacement rate of endowment insurance system is different, the ＂fragmentation＂ phenomenon of regional endowment insurance system, impact both fairness and efficiency of the basic endowment insurance system.
文摘The pension funds entering the capital market is the trend of the times, how to ensure the security of pension funds after entering the market, it is not only related to the interest of the individual but also affect the society＇s harmonious development. This article begins with the concept of pension funds into the market, the urgency and necessity of the pension funds into the market in our country and the actual situation of the pension regulators at present. According to analysis the problems existing in the pension market regulation, then putting forward countermeasures and measures, paving the way for pension funds entering the market in our country.
文摘At present, the overall low level of pensions, chaotic management, regardless of the central and local powers, capital depreciation of greater risk. Plus various regions of pension imbalances, leading to a pension ＂empty accounts＂ has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, to achieve the basic pension national urban, it is an effective measure to deal with these problems. Manpower is a systematic project, implementation may face difficulties. Therefore, the need to coordinate all aspects of the relationship, select the appropriate time to reform, optimize the overall path, and improve related measures is to ensure the smooth implementation of integrated basis.
文摘A 78-year-old woman presented with fever, severe abdominal pain, and distension.She had been institutionalized for depression and senile dementia.Laboratory examinations disclosed a leucocytosis(WBC:12 500/μL) and elevated levels of serum C-reactive protein(2.8 mEq/L).Diagnosis of acute cecal volvulus was made from a"coffee bean sign"on an abdominal computed tomography and a"beak sign"on a gastrographin enema.An emergent laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis and an ileo-colectomy with primary anastomosis was carried out.The patient recovered after intensive respiratory care and fluid therapy, and then returned to her former institution.A review of Japanese literature disclosed that:(1) a marked increase of aged patients with mental disability presenting with cecal volvulus,(2) adoption of ileo-colectomy as the standard surgical procedure, and(3) improved survival of the patients, were observed in the last decade.
文摘to solve the pension problem brought by the aging and aging, community endowment service as a new endowment mode has become hot spot. Britain, the United States, Japan and other developed countries have formed a distinctive pattern of community endowment service. Community endowment service pattern in China is also actively explore, in the process, we accumulated a lot of valuable experience, but also there are quite a lot of problems to be solved. We should be in combination with the actual situation in our country, on the basis of draw lessons from foreign advanced community endowment development practices at the same time, set the global vision, local consciousness, people＇s standard all organic unification, perfecting endowment service system in our country, to have a more substantial development.
文摘Using actuarial techniques, the study estimates the fired gap of pooling account and individual account respectively on on enterprise worker＇ s basic endowment insurance in Hebei province. And based on the estimation, the study puts forward four policy suggestions： expand the coverage of the pension scheme; revised the number of months oft he annuities; increase the level of interest; improve financial support.
文摘Through field investigation, questionnaire interview and interview with experts and scholars, the study of the wisdom of the elderly endowment willingness and demand, understand wisdom pension service demand and social supply, and then found social in the problems that exist in the pension services will meet the wisdom, so as to put forward the targeted countermeasures and Suggestions, can cause social attention to wisdom pension services, promote and plural social capital to participate in, give full play to the role of the market.
文摘Although male and female pronuclei reside in the same zygotic cytoplasm, they differ in many respects, such asvolume and transcriptional activity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether these differences are lost during thefirst mitosis. For this purpose, a new method was developed to inhibit the mixing of two parental chromosomes duringmitosis, thus to induce the formation of two nuclei after they exit from the mitotic phase. In this method, one-cellembryos are arrested at metaphase by treatment with nocodazole, and whn exitting from the mitotic phase, two nucleiwere formed in a single karyocyte following treatment with 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP). These embryos weredesignated as post-mitotic embryos (PM-embryos), in which the two nuclei were derived from the male and femalegenomes. We found that in the control one-cell embryos that had not been treated with the reagents, the volume of themale pronucleus was about 1.65-fold greater than that of the female pronucleus, whereas the volumes of the two nucleiin the PM-embryos were similar (volume ratio of 1.01). Although a two-fold difference in transcriptional activity wasdetected between the male and female pronuclei in the control embryos, no difference in transcriptional activity wasdetected between the two nuclei of PM-embryos. The ratio of transcriptional activity in the nucleus derived from thepaternal genome to that from the maternal genome was 1.02, for which no significant difference was detected by the χ2fitness test. Therefore, the volumes and transcriptional activities of the male and female nuclei were approximately equalin PM-embryos, which suggests that the asymmetries of pronuclear volume and transcriptional activity between maleand female genomes are somehow losted during the first mitosis.
文摘Human capital depreciation can be divided into stock depreciation and utility depreciation, which will cause the waste of human capital investment, and let human capital value fail to fully embody, affecting social development. In the critical time of China facing population aging and economic transformation, as the new human capital of the labor market, college students play an important role to social and economic development. Therefore, preventing and mitigating their human capital depreciation is necessary. This article focus on human capital investment and configuration stage, analyze the influence of unreasonable human capital investment system and separate labor market segmentation system to college student human capital depreciation, and put forword the corresponding countermeasures.
文摘According to the China Statistical Yearbook divided eight consumption expenditure, I set food, clothing, housing and household equipment and services as residents basic living expenses, of China＇ s rural pension replacement rate level of demand is calculated. The financial revenue scale autoregressive model predicted 2010-2020, the scale of fiscal revenue, with Pratt ＆ Whitney type total pension should be of basic pension and substitution rate level of demand for pension accounts for fiscal revenue proportion of the international experience of fiscal income of 5% were measured and evaluated. The current basic pension in the short term to improve the life of the rural elderly has an important role, but the long-term need to continue to increase, should optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure.
