Having the two largest nursing workforces across the globe,both China and the United States have implemented licensure examinations to standardize the qualifications of registered nurse.China established the National ...Having the two largest nursing workforces across the globe,both China and the United States have implemented licensure examinations to standardize the qualifications of registered nurse.China established the National Nursing Licensure Examination(NNLE)in 1995.Like the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses(NCLEX-RN)in the United States,the NNLE has become an important link in the nurse registration process and contributed a lot in quality assurance and development of nursing profession.It may be necessary for the NNLE to learn from NCLEX-RN in several aspects,including increasing the frequency of exam,providing examinees with individualized services,and continuing reforming exam content and format.By better aligning the content and format of the examination with the current nursing paradigm and clinical requirements,nurses may enter the healthcare field better prepared to care for patients.Considering the magnitude of their nursing workforce,both China and the United States have great potential to serve as a role model for other developing countries as they look towards establishing national nursing education programs.As new policies around standardized nurse education in China take form,we urge that the NNLE be included alongside curricular reforms.As these reforms are implemented,continued research will be needed to evaluate the effectiveness of curriculum and licensure exam regulations upon nurse preparedness and quality of nursing care in China.展开更多
A rapid and effective TL technique to authenticate ancient Chinese pottery is proposed in the paper. Twenty three samples, ranging in age from 200 to 9000 a,including multiple styles and shapes and drawn from diverse ...A rapid and effective TL technique to authenticate ancient Chinese pottery is proposed in the paper. Twenty three samples, ranging in age from 200 to 9000 a,including multiple styles and shapes and drawn from diverse and remote areas in China have been used to establish the typical annual dose as 5.5mGy/a and its associated deviation. Ten unauthenticated samples are then appraised using the technique which,in nearly all cases, leads to satisfactory results.展开更多
The present paper reports 7 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which, Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) and Co...The present paper reports 7 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which, Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) and Coralliocaris brevirostris Borradaile, 1898 are new records from Chinese waters.展开更多
The radioactivity induced in the coins from Satvahanas,Ahmadshah Bahamani,Gujrat Sultan,Nizamshahi and Marathas after(n,γ) reactions for the elemeats of interest is measured on multichannel analyzer coupled to high p...The radioactivity induced in the coins from Satvahanas,Ahmadshah Bahamani,Gujrat Sultan,Nizamshahi and Marathas after(n,γ) reactions for the elemeats of interest is measured on multichannel analyzer coupled to high purity germanium detector and percentage of these elements is determined by comparator method of NAA.All these coins are found to be copper based with the presence of As,Sb,In,An,Sn and Mn.展开更多
Referring to the well established foreign language proficiency evaluation scale frameworks such as the CEFR （Common European Framework of Reference for Languages） in Europe and ILR （The Interagency Language Roundta...Referring to the well established foreign language proficiency evaluation scale frameworks such as the CEFR （Common European Framework of Reference for Languages） in Europe and ILR （The Interagency Language Roundtable） scale in the United States, Chinese language education authority is dedicating great efforts to the contruction of the Chinese targeted and tailored national proficiency evaluation system. This initiative will tremendously subvert the traditional language learning and testing mechanism, bring phenomenal transformations and innovations to the future language learning and teaching approaches and methodologies, and meanwhile impose great influence on the language concerning administration and profession.展开更多
Widely recognized as the ultimate homeland of the Austronesians,Southeast China’s archaeological records bear direct implications for understanding the chronology,seafaring and the impetus of the proto-Austronesian e...Widely recognized as the ultimate homeland of the Austronesians,Southeast China’s archaeological records bear direct implications for understanding the chronology,seafaring and the impetus of the proto-Austronesian expansions.The available evidence demonstrates that as early as 8300 BP,the ancestors of the Austronesians started to explore the offshore islands in Southeast China.By 5000 BP,with the breakthrough of long-distance seafaring skills,a substantial population started to colonize the island of Taiwan.Maritime subsistence pattern and the seafaring served as the primary impetus for the earliest Austronesian dispersals.展开更多
The research is designed to examine current teaching practices and perceptions of elementary and secondary school language teachers so as to inform the design of a large-scale project on AWE （Automated Writing Evalua...The research is designed to examine current teaching practices and perceptions of elementary and secondary school language teachers so as to inform the design of a large-scale project on AWE （Automated Writing Evaluation） application in the Chinese classroom. The data indicated that teachers were confident in their computer use and understood formative assessment notions and their role in technology-enhanced teaching and learning. However, concerns were raised on the writing rubrics interpretation, the pedagogy on integrating AWE into teaching, and the suitability of the whole English software to Chinese learners. Solutions and suggestions were discussed. Sample lesson plans, pedagogy training and technical support were considered necessary for the participating teachers.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Health Professional Education Foundation of Thailand and China Medical Board(12-121)
文摘Having the two largest nursing workforces across the globe,both China and the United States have implemented licensure examinations to standardize the qualifications of registered nurse.China established the National Nursing Licensure Examination(NNLE)in 1995.Like the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses(NCLEX-RN)in the United States,the NNLE has become an important link in the nurse registration process and contributed a lot in quality assurance and development of nursing profession.It may be necessary for the NNLE to learn from NCLEX-RN in several aspects,including increasing the frequency of exam,providing examinees with individualized services,and continuing reforming exam content and format.By better aligning the content and format of the examination with the current nursing paradigm and clinical requirements,nurses may enter the healthcare field better prepared to care for patients.Considering the magnitude of their nursing workforce,both China and the United States have great potential to serve as a role model for other developing countries as they look towards establishing national nursing education programs.As new policies around standardized nurse education in China take form,we urge that the NNLE be included alongside curricular reforms.As these reforms are implemented,continued research will be needed to evaluate the effectiveness of curriculum and licensure exam regulations upon nurse preparedness and quality of nursing care in China.
文摘A rapid and effective TL technique to authenticate ancient Chinese pottery is proposed in the paper. Twenty three samples, ranging in age from 200 to 9000 a,including multiple styles and shapes and drawn from diverse and remote areas in China have been used to establish the typical annual dose as 5.5mGy/a and its associated deviation. Ten unauthenticated samples are then appraised using the technique which,in nearly all cases, leads to satisfactory results.
文摘The present paper reports 7 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which, Conchodytes nipponensis (De Haan, 1844) and Coralliocaris brevirostris Borradaile, 1898 are new records from Chinese waters.
文摘The radioactivity induced in the coins from Satvahanas,Ahmadshah Bahamani,Gujrat Sultan,Nizamshahi and Marathas after(n,γ) reactions for the elemeats of interest is measured on multichannel analyzer coupled to high purity germanium detector and percentage of these elements is determined by comparator method of NAA.All these coins are found to be copper based with the presence of As,Sb,In,An,Sn and Mn.
文摘Referring to the well established foreign language proficiency evaluation scale frameworks such as the CEFR （Common European Framework of Reference for Languages） in Europe and ILR （The Interagency Language Roundtable） scale in the United States, Chinese language education authority is dedicating great efforts to the contruction of the Chinese targeted and tailored national proficiency evaluation system. This initiative will tremendously subvert the traditional language learning and testing mechanism, bring phenomenal transformations and innovations to the future language learning and teaching approaches and methodologies, and meanwhile impose great influence on the language concerning administration and profession.
文摘Widely recognized as the ultimate homeland of the Austronesians,Southeast China’s archaeological records bear direct implications for understanding the chronology,seafaring and the impetus of the proto-Austronesian expansions.The available evidence demonstrates that as early as 8300 BP,the ancestors of the Austronesians started to explore the offshore islands in Southeast China.By 5000 BP,with the breakthrough of long-distance seafaring skills,a substantial population started to colonize the island of Taiwan.Maritime subsistence pattern and the seafaring served as the primary impetus for the earliest Austronesian dispersals.
基金funded by a key MoE project titled "Using Automated Writing Assessment in China EFL Classrooms"(Project number:GFA097005)
文摘The research is designed to examine current teaching practices and perceptions of elementary and secondary school language teachers so as to inform the design of a large-scale project on AWE （Automated Writing Evaluation） application in the Chinese classroom. The data indicated that teachers were confident in their computer use and understood formative assessment notions and their role in technology-enhanced teaching and learning. However, concerns were raised on the writing rubrics interpretation, the pedagogy on integrating AWE into teaching, and the suitability of the whole English software to Chinese learners. Solutions and suggestions were discussed. Sample lesson plans, pedagogy training and technical support were considered necessary for the participating teachers.
