考古标本微磨痕初步研究

从周口店第1地点和马鞍山遗址选取了20件燧石制品,以微磨痕的实验研究为基础,以扫描电子显微镜(简称电镜)为主要手段,通过对比分析,尝试了不同遗址间考古标本的微磨痕分析。结果表明,周口店第1地点和马鞍山遗址的石制品的功能都具有多样性;“楔”的功能见于马鞍山遗址,并为周口店第1地点“使用石片较多”的说法提供了微磨痕方面的新证据。

论考古博物馆的使命与叙事

考古博物馆是以考古学为源科学的主题博物馆,它通过展示和阐释考古成果来传播考古知识,以考古叙事表征考古工作对研究和认识中华文明起源、发展脉络、灿烂成就的作用与贡献。考古博物馆在使命定位、展陈内容、价值表达和传播方式上有自身鲜明的专业特点,在传播中华文明探源工程和考古中国重大学术成果,构建人类历史轴线中的史前史,弥补历史时期文献记载缺轶方面具有其他博物馆无法替代的作用。作为考古过程的延续和考古工作的拓展,考古博物馆以其特有的方式诠释中国历史与文化,增进了人民群众和国际社会对中华文明的认知,履行了让文物活起来的责任和使命。

Origin of celiac disease:How old are predisposing haplotypes?

We recently presented the case of a first century AD young woman, found in the archaeological site of Cosa, showing clinical signs of malnutrition, such as short height, osteoporosis, dental enamel hypoplasia and cribra orbitalia, indirect sign of anemia, all strongly suggestive for celiac disease (CD). However, whether these findings were actually associated to CD was not shown based on genetic parameters. To investigate her human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅱ polymorphism, we extracted DNA from a bone sample and a tooth and genotyped HLA using three HLA-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms for DQ8, DQ2.2 and DQ2.5, specifically associated to CD. She displayed HLA DQ 2.5, the haplotype associated to the highest risk of CD. This isthe first report showing the presence of a HLA haplotype compatible for CD in archaeological specimens.

Digging in the Garden of Eden

The paper first presents the translation of Hebrew Genesis entitled At the Start... Genesis Made New. The new version belongs to the field of ethno-poetics. It intends to take today＇s listener/reader back in time by capturing the characteristics of the original Hebrew and expressing them through the medium of modern English. If translations may be said to reflect archaeological layers of social history, At the Start... Genesis Made New attempts to dig down with the purpose of reaching the deepest layer： critical analysis of terminology in the Garden of Eden story provides insights into the primitive Hebrew society that invented this particular myth more than 3,000 years ago. The paper also looks at the same story as translated in the Revised Standard Version, first published as the Authorised Version or King James Bible in 1661, and The New English Bible published in 1961. Different world views characteristic of European society in recent centuries colours the understanding of the biblical text. The translations are affected in consequence. A comparison between the versions is revealing…

关于微痕分析的几个问题

微痕分析法产生于上世纪30年代的苏联。随着其经典著作《史前技术》英译版的发行，这种方法迅速在西方普及开来。然而这种十分有效的石器分析方法直到上世纪80年代才传入我国，但至今为止从事这方面研究的学者仍十分有限。正是由于这个原因，系统讨论其理论方法的文章也十分少见。本文就是在这方面的一种努力尝试，如果能够起到抛砖引玉的作用，笔者也就十分满足了。