[ Objective] This study was to improve the biomass of Navicula tenera, and thus to provide reference for achieving the industrial production of Navicula tenera. [Method] The feasibility of using sewage to cultivate Na...[ Objective] This study was to improve the biomass of Navicula tenera, and thus to provide reference for achieving the industrial production of Navicula tenera. [Method] The feasibility of using sewage to cultivate Navicula tenera was preliminarily investigated based on the consideration of regional characteristics; and a series of culture conditions including the nutrient source of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, iron（Fe）, silicon（ Si ） and the salinity in medium for culturing Navicula tenera, were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal design.[Result] The optimized conditions for cultivating Navicula tenera using sewage are as follows： the water from Xiaoerlou Artificial Lake of Nanjing University of Technology as basic solvent; 360 mg/L urea; 150 mg/L N2HPO4 · 12H2O; 50 mg/L ferric citrate; 2 000 mg/L Na2SiO3 · 9H2O; 2.0 mol/L salinity. Navicula tenera was strongly adaptive to sewage and could well uptake the nutrient sources in the sewage. Under the optimized conditions, the culture cost decreased, and meanwhile the biomass of Navicula tenera reached 4. 766 g/L which is 3.57 multiples over original medium and 1.9 multiples over optimized medium No. 1.[ Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for the combination of culturing Navicula tenera in large scale and sewage treatment.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect of breast conservation with breast intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early-stage breast cancers.Methods:Pub Med,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Chine...Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect of breast conservation with breast intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early-stage breast cancers.Methods:Pub Med,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched to identify relevant original published trails,and the references of eligible studies were manually screened.Randomized controlled trails reported in any language,comparing breast IMRT with conventional radiotherapy (RT) in patients with early-stage breast cancer were eligible for inclusion.Two investigators independently assessed the quality of included trials and extracted data.The RevMan 5.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Four trials involving 1440 patients were included.The results showed that in the IMRT group,the occurrence of acute moist dermatitis,the edema of the mammary gland and the occurrence of hyperpigmentation were lower than those of RT group,the pooled risk ratio value and 95% confidence interval were 0.28 (0.17-0.48),0.03 (0.00-0.21) and 0.06 (0.02-0.15) respectively.The use of IMRT did not correlate with pain and quality of life,but the presence of moist desquamation did significantly correlate with pain and reduced quality of life.Conclusion:The currently available evidence showed that IMRT significantly reduces the occurrence of moist acute dermatitis anywhere in the breast and alleviates the suffering of patients and improves the quality of life of patients.Future large-scale,high-quality,double-blind trials are needed.展开更多
Somatostatinomas are extremely rare neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract,f irst described in the pancreas in 1977 and in the duodenum in 1979.They may be functional and cause somatostatinoma or inhibi-t...Somatostatinomas are extremely rare neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract,f irst described in the pancreas in 1977 and in the duodenum in 1979.They may be functional and cause somatostatinoma or inhibi-tory syndrome,but more frequently are non-functioning pancreatic endocrine tumors that produce somatostatin alone.They are usually single,malignant,large lesions,frequently associated with metastases,and generally with poor prognosis.We present the unique case of a 57-year-old woman with two synchronous non-function-ing somatostatinomas,one solid duodenal lesion and one cystic lesion within the head of the pancreas,that were successfully resected with a pylorus-preserving Whipple's procedure.No secondaries were found in the liver,or in any of the removed regional lymph nodes.The patient had an uneventful recovery,and remains well and symptom-free at 18 mo postoperatively.This is an extremely rare case of a patient with two synchro-nous somatostatinomas of the duodenum and the pancreas.The condition is discussed with reference to the literature.展开更多
Objective: To estimate the effect of statins use on the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE (1980-June 2012), EMBASE (1980-June 2012), Google Scholar, Cochrane Libra...Objective: To estimate the effect of statins use on the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE (1980-June 2012), EMBASE (1980-June 2012), Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science, manually reviewed references, and contacted experts. Case-control studies and cohort studies that compared any dose of statin with no statin or placebo are included. Data extraction and study quality evaluation were independently conducted in duplicate. Results: 12 studies including four cohort studies and eight case-control studies were identified and eligible for meta-analysis. Upon meta-analysis, statin use was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the odds of developing VTE (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.96). Conclusion: This meta-analysis of current and available literature suggests that statins can reduce patient's risk of developing VTE. Due to the limitations of observational study, this conclusion should be considered with caution, and additionally, specifical well-designed trials are needed.展开更多
PEM （Proton Exchange Membrane） fuel cell is a promising renewable energy source to a wide range of applications for its clean products and high power density. However, controlling its humidity is a challenging probl...PEM （Proton Exchange Membrane） fuel cell is a promising renewable energy source to a wide range of applications for its clean products and high power density. However, controlling its humidity is a challenging problem due to the interdependence of several phenomena contributing in membrane＇s water content. This work deals with efficiency improvement of PEM fuel cells via humidity control. An innovative strategy of control based on the model of Ref. [1] is proposed. It consists on regulating gas humidification rates according to the power demand so that to minimize power losses. The proposed control takes into consideration constraints related to humidification in order to avoid dry out or flooding of the membrane. Simulations results show that time-phasing between hydrogen and oxygen humidification rates plays an important role in minimizing power losses. The proposed control shows significant improvement in the fuel cell＇s efficiency up to 20%.展开更多
The authors reported the case of a 35-year-old woman with an unusual huge recurrent meningioma in the left cerebral hemisphere confirmed by the pathological examination.This patient's clinical presentation was ver...The authors reported the case of a 35-year-old woman with an unusual huge recurrent meningioma in the left cerebral hemisphere confirmed by the pathological examination.This patient's clinical presentation was very unusual.Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) demonstrated a huge tumor in the left frontal region.The extracranial surface dimensions of the mass were 12cm craniocaudal × 11cm transverse × 9cm anteroposterior;and the intracranial dimensions were 9cm craniocaudal × 7cm transverse × 10cm anteroposterior respectively.The patient underwent left frontal recurrent meningioma resection by microsurgery,with total tumor resection.Following which the patient was discharged in a stable condition.To the best of the authors' knowledge,such an unusual huge recurrent meningioma has not been reported.The authors reviewed the literatures with reference to recurrent meningioma,analyzed the unusual imaging appearances of this patient,and explored the mechanism underlying the huge volume formation.The fundamental principle to reducing or completely avoiding meningioma recurrence is to achieve total tumour resection.Recurrent meningiomas are also amenable to surgery.展开更多
This paper briefly introduces the Seismotectonic Map of Xinjiang and its neighborhood in the scale of 1∶2500000.The map is amended,supplemented and expanded based of the newly compiled Seismotectonic Map of Xinjiang ...This paper briefly introduces the Seismotectonic Map of Xinjiang and its neighborhood in the scale of 1∶2500000.The map is amended,supplemented and expanded based of the newly compiled Seismotectonic Map of Xinjiang in scale 1∶1000000.The base map of this seismotectonic map is the geologic map of western China and its neighborhood compiled by Li Tingdong.The abundant new materials from related research,referential literatures and the analyses on remote sensing data were used in the compiling work.A database and relevant documents are built for nearly 300 active faults and 150 active folds.The basic information of the major active faults,especially those near the border areas in this map are introduced in this paper.展开更多
In this context, we believe that the sun sports research now focuses on the meaning and value of sports sunshine, sunshine sports meaning and identity, how to develop the Sunshine Sports and other issues. These studie...In this context, we believe that the sun sports research now focuses on the meaning and value of sports sunshine, sunshine sports meaning and identity, how to develop the Sunshine Sports and other issues. These studies contributed to the development of sports sunshine, but there is also a lack of rigorous logical theory discussed, and the lack of institutional mechanisms for research, such as lack of a single research methods. Strengthening sunshine sports promotion model, the development of long-term mechanism research, both theoretical study sports sunshine depth development needs, but also a necessary requirement for the development of Sunshine Sports. In order to effectively promote the College “sunshine sports” to carry out and improve the physical health of college students, the use of literature, interviews, statistics and other research methods, sports curriculum University under the “sunshine sports” Perspectives issues the study. Sunshine Sports is a strong push forward by the Chinese government, the students physical health of government intervention measures. Activities three years, in all types of schools at all levels to actively carry out an hour a day exercise, teachers and students to participate in sports initiative, growing consciousness, awareness and physical exercise generally improved, exercise one hour a day has become common practice. But in some places there is still not know the place, lack of investment, lack of teachers and other issues, in order to make sustainable development the sun sports, will take in institution building, reform the examination and evaluation mechanisms, strengthening supervision and so do efforts.展开更多
Historical data regarding Zhang Heng's seismoscope is not singular proof. Actually,the four earliest historical documents,i. e.,Continuation of Historiography of Han Dynasty, Historiography of the Later Han,Book o...Historical data regarding Zhang Heng's seismoscope is not singular proof. Actually,the four earliest historical documents,i. e.,Continuation of Historiography of Han Dynasty, Historiography of the Later Han,Book of the Later Han and Ding Record all have relevant records of its structure,size,principle,response to earthquake and actual applications. These five aspects are supported by archaeological research,unearthed cultural relics, historical earthquakes and modern seismological study. These historical materials contain a great deal of specific information about this ancient seismoscope. In conclusion, the authenticity and reliability of Zhang Heng's seismoscope are verified.展开更多
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Pro-gram)(2003CB71600)~~
文摘[ Objective] This study was to improve the biomass of Navicula tenera, and thus to provide reference for achieving the industrial production of Navicula tenera. [Method] The feasibility of using sewage to cultivate Navicula tenera was preliminarily investigated based on the consideration of regional characteristics; and a series of culture conditions including the nutrient source of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, iron（Fe）, silicon（ Si ） and the salinity in medium for culturing Navicula tenera, were optimized by single factor test and orthogonal design.[Result] The optimized conditions for cultivating Navicula tenera using sewage are as follows： the water from Xiaoerlou Artificial Lake of Nanjing University of Technology as basic solvent; 360 mg/L urea; 150 mg/L N2HPO4 · 12H2O; 50 mg/L ferric citrate; 2 000 mg/L Na2SiO3 · 9H2O; 2.0 mol/L salinity. Navicula tenera was strongly adaptive to sewage and could well uptake the nutrient sources in the sewage. Under the optimized conditions, the culture cost decreased, and meanwhile the biomass of Navicula tenera reached 4. 766 g/L which is 3.57 multiples over original medium and 1.9 multiples over optimized medium No. 1.[ Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for the combination of culturing Navicula tenera in large scale and sewage treatment.
基金Supported by a grant from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No. 096RJZA036)
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect of breast conservation with breast intensitymodulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early-stage breast cancers.Methods:Pub Med,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched to identify relevant original published trails,and the references of eligible studies were manually screened.Randomized controlled trails reported in any language,comparing breast IMRT with conventional radiotherapy (RT) in patients with early-stage breast cancer were eligible for inclusion.Two investigators independently assessed the quality of included trials and extracted data.The RevMan 5.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Four trials involving 1440 patients were included.The results showed that in the IMRT group,the occurrence of acute moist dermatitis,the edema of the mammary gland and the occurrence of hyperpigmentation were lower than those of RT group,the pooled risk ratio value and 95% confidence interval were 0.28 (0.17-0.48),0.03 (0.00-0.21) and 0.06 (0.02-0.15) respectively.The use of IMRT did not correlate with pain and quality of life,but the presence of moist desquamation did significantly correlate with pain and reduced quality of life.Conclusion:The currently available evidence showed that IMRT significantly reduces the occurrence of moist acute dermatitis anywhere in the breast and alleviates the suffering of patients and improves the quality of life of patients.Future large-scale,high-quality,double-blind trials are needed.
文摘Somatostatinomas are extremely rare neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract,f irst described in the pancreas in 1977 and in the duodenum in 1979.They may be functional and cause somatostatinoma or inhibi-tory syndrome,but more frequently are non-functioning pancreatic endocrine tumors that produce somatostatin alone.They are usually single,malignant,large lesions,frequently associated with metastases,and generally with poor prognosis.We present the unique case of a 57-year-old woman with two synchronous non-function-ing somatostatinomas,one solid duodenal lesion and one cystic lesion within the head of the pancreas,that were successfully resected with a pylorus-preserving Whipple's procedure.No secondaries were found in the liver,or in any of the removed regional lymph nodes.The patient had an uneventful recovery,and remains well and symptom-free at 18 mo postoperatively.This is an extremely rare case of a patient with two synchro-nous somatostatinomas of the duodenum and the pancreas.The condition is discussed with reference to the literature.
文摘Objective: To estimate the effect of statins use on the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE (1980-June 2012), EMBASE (1980-June 2012), Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science, manually reviewed references, and contacted experts. Case-control studies and cohort studies that compared any dose of statin with no statin or placebo are included. Data extraction and study quality evaluation were independently conducted in duplicate. Results: 12 studies including four cohort studies and eight case-control studies were identified and eligible for meta-analysis. Upon meta-analysis, statin use was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the odds of developing VTE (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86-0.96). Conclusion: This meta-analysis of current and available literature suggests that statins can reduce patient's risk of developing VTE. Due to the limitations of observational study, this conclusion should be considered with caution, and additionally, specifical well-designed trials are needed.
文摘PEM （Proton Exchange Membrane） fuel cell is a promising renewable energy source to a wide range of applications for its clean products and high power density. However, controlling its humidity is a challenging problem due to the interdependence of several phenomena contributing in membrane＇s water content. This work deals with efficiency improvement of PEM fuel cells via humidity control. An innovative strategy of control based on the model of Ref. [1] is proposed. It consists on regulating gas humidification rates according to the power demand so that to minimize power losses. The proposed control takes into consideration constraints related to humidification in order to avoid dry out or flooding of the membrane. Simulations results show that time-phasing between hydrogen and oxygen humidification rates plays an important role in minimizing power losses. The proposed control shows significant improvement in the fuel cell＇s efficiency up to 20%.
文摘The authors reported the case of a 35-year-old woman with an unusual huge recurrent meningioma in the left cerebral hemisphere confirmed by the pathological examination.This patient's clinical presentation was very unusual.Brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) demonstrated a huge tumor in the left frontal region.The extracranial surface dimensions of the mass were 12cm craniocaudal × 11cm transverse × 9cm anteroposterior;and the intracranial dimensions were 9cm craniocaudal × 7cm transverse × 10cm anteroposterior respectively.The patient underwent left frontal recurrent meningioma resection by microsurgery,with total tumor resection.Following which the patient was discharged in a stable condition.To the best of the authors' knowledge,such an unusual huge recurrent meningioma has not been reported.The authors reviewed the literatures with reference to recurrent meningioma,analyzed the unusual imaging appearances of this patient,and explored the mechanism underlying the huge volume formation.The fundamental principle to reducing or completely avoiding meningioma recurrence is to achieve total tumour resection.Recurrent meningiomas are also amenable to surgery.
基金Funded by the State Special Project for International Cooperation on Science and Technology(2012DFR20440K02)the 973 Program(2008CB4257)
文摘This paper briefly introduces the Seismotectonic Map of Xinjiang and its neighborhood in the scale of 1∶2500000.The map is amended,supplemented and expanded based of the newly compiled Seismotectonic Map of Xinjiang in scale 1∶1000000.The base map of this seismotectonic map is the geologic map of western China and its neighborhood compiled by Li Tingdong.The abundant new materials from related research,referential literatures and the analyses on remote sensing data were used in the compiling work.A database and relevant documents are built for nearly 300 active faults and 150 active folds.The basic information of the major active faults,especially those near the border areas in this map are introduced in this paper.
文摘In this context, we believe that the sun sports research now focuses on the meaning and value of sports sunshine, sunshine sports meaning and identity, how to develop the Sunshine Sports and other issues. These studies contributed to the development of sports sunshine, but there is also a lack of rigorous logical theory discussed, and the lack of institutional mechanisms for research, such as lack of a single research methods. Strengthening sunshine sports promotion model, the development of long-term mechanism research, both theoretical study sports sunshine depth development needs, but also a necessary requirement for the development of Sunshine Sports. In order to effectively promote the College “sunshine sports” to carry out and improve the physical health of college students, the use of literature, interviews, statistics and other research methods, sports curriculum University under the “sunshine sports” Perspectives issues the study. Sunshine Sports is a strong push forward by the Chinese government, the students physical health of government intervention measures. Activities three years, in all types of schools at all levels to actively carry out an hour a day exercise, teachers and students to participate in sports initiative, growing consciousness, awareness and physical exercise generally improved, exercise one hour a day has become common practice. But in some places there is still not know the place, lack of investment, lack of teachers and other issues, in order to make sustainable development the sun sports, will take in institution building, reform the examination and evaluation mechanisms, strengthening supervision and so do efforts.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40644019)the Special Found of Scientific Research Program for "The Optimization and Design for Reconstruction Models of Seismoscope",China Earthquake Administration
文摘Historical data regarding Zhang Heng's seismoscope is not singular proof. Actually,the four earliest historical documents,i. e.,Continuation of Historiography of Han Dynasty, Historiography of the Later Han,Book of the Later Han and Ding Record all have relevant records of its structure,size,principle,response to earthquake and actual applications. These five aspects are supported by archaeological research,unearthed cultural relics, historical earthquakes and modern seismological study. These historical materials contain a great deal of specific information about this ancient seismoscope. In conclusion, the authenticity and reliability of Zhang Heng's seismoscope are verified.
