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小剂量纳洛酮联合阿片类药物应用的研究进展 被引量:5
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作者 武林鑫 段晓芸 黄雄庆 《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》 CAS 2012年第10期710-714,722,共6页
背景阿片类镇痛药在临床应用有着重要的地位,但有恶心、呕吐、瘙痒、呼吸抑制等不可忽视副作用,长期应用还可产生耐受和依赖。有研究表明,阿片类镇痛药联合应用小剂量的阿片类受体拮抗剂可以明显增强吗啡等阿片类镇痛药的效能,并且... 背景阿片类镇痛药在临床应用有着重要的地位,但有恶心、呕吐、瘙痒、呼吸抑制等不可忽视副作用,长期应用还可产生耐受和依赖。有研究表明,阿片类镇痛药联合应用小剂量的阿片类受体拮抗剂可以明显增强吗啡等阿片类镇痛药的效能,并且同时减弱由其产生的副作用以及耐受和依赖。目的拟通过综述的方式,系统地阐述小剂量纳洛酮联合应用阿片类药物的研究现状以及进展,为今后该方向的研究提供参考,进而启发新的研究思路。内容对阿片类镇痛药联合小剂量纳洛酮应用的基础及临床研究现状和进展以及小剂量纳洛酮增强阿片类镇痛药的镇痛作用、减轻其副作用及耐受和依赖的形成机制进行综述。趋向从近期研究可见,该方向的研究已不仅限于观察小剂量纳洛酮与吗啡的联合应用所产生的作用,小剂量纳洛酮和其他阿片类药物联合应用的研究也逐步展开,并有越来越多的研究者对二者联合应用所产生的作用机制进行了更为深入的探讨. 展开更多
关键词 阿片类镇痛药 吗啡 小剂量纳洛酮 耐受/依赖 吗啡作用机制 AC/cAMP/PKA 抑制型阿片类受 激动型阿片类受体 细丝蛋白A
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Thermal preference, thermal tolerance and the thermal dependence of digestive performance in two Phrynocephalus lizards (Agamidae), with a review of species studied 被引量:7
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作者 Yanfu QU Hong LI +2 位作者 Jianfang GAO Xuefeng XU Xiang JI 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期684-700,共17页
We reported data on thermal preference, thermal tolerance and the thermal dependence of digestive performance for two Phrynocephalus lizards (P. frontalis and P. versicolor), and compared data among lizards so far s... We reported data on thermal preference, thermal tolerance and the thermal dependence of digestive performance for two Phrynocephalus lizards (P. frontalis and P. versicolor), and compared data among lizards so far studied worldwide. Mean values for selected body temperature (Tsel) and critical thermal maximum (CTMax) were greater in P versicolor, whereas mean values for critical thermal minimum (CTMin) did not differ between the two species. The two lizards differed in food intake, but not in food passage time, apparent digestive coefficient (ADC) and assimilation efficiency (AE), across the experimental tem- peratures. Four general conclusions can be drawn from published data. Firstly, thermal preference and thermal tolerance differ among lizards differing in distribution, temporal activity pattern and habitat use. Lizards in thermally more variable regions are better able to tolerate low and high temperatures. Diurnal lizards generally select higher body temperatures than nocturnal lizards, and lizards using habitats with direct sun exposure generally selected higher body temperatures and are better able to tolerate high temperatures. Secondly, CTMax is positively correlated with Tsel. Lizards more likely exposed to extremely high temperatures while active select higher body temperatures than those using shaded habitats. Thirdly, the effects of body temperature on food intake, food passage time, ADC and AE differ among lizards, but it seems to be common among lizards that ADC and AE are less thermally sensitive than food intake and food passage time. Lastly, ADC is dependent on the type of food ingested, with insectivorous lizards digesting food more efficiently than herbivorous lizards 展开更多
关键词 LIZARDS Selected body temperature Critical thermal limits Food intake Food passage time Apparent digestivecoefficient Assimilation efficiency
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