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低温冰晶表面臭氧耗损速率 被引量:3
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作者 杨文襄 牟玉静 +2 位作者 刘晔 钟晋贤 邹鹏 《科学通报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 1996年第4期343-345,共3页
南极上空春季臭氧耗损很显著,形成“臭氧洞”.大气臭氧气相反应过程不能阐述臭氧洞的产生现象,低温下气相反应,无力解释臭氧的快速损耗.Solomon,Rowland等提出大气中非均相反应可能对臭氧的破坏起重要作用.发生非均相反应需要有颗粒物存... 南极上空春季臭氧耗损很显著,形成“臭氧洞”.大气臭氧气相反应过程不能阐述臭氧洞的产生现象,低温下气相反应,无力解释臭氧的快速损耗.Solomon,Rowland等提出大气中非均相反应可能对臭氧的破坏起重要作用.发生非均相反应需要有颗粒物存在,极地上空平流层云的形成提供产生非均相反应的条件.在南极上空冬季和春季有三种类型的极地平流层云,Ⅰ型颗粒物是由三水合硝酸(NAT)组成,形成温度约为197K;Ⅱ型颗粒物主要成分是水,在约187K形成;Ⅲ型平流层云由珠母云组成.在这些颗粒物上发生的非均相反应将使非活性的储库化合物转化为活性氯,由此导致臭氧急剧下降并产生高浓度的C10.因此研究在冰晶上的非均相反应是大气臭氧耗损过程研究的热点课题。 臭氧在冰晶表面的耗损有两种方式:(1)在冰晶表面发生化学反应,破坏臭氧;(2)臭氧在冰晶表面发生吸附作用.当冰晶蒸发后,臭氧又能释放出来.本工作试图测定臭氧在冰晶上的耗损速率,以后再逐步研究所发生的化学过程和吸附过程。 展开更多
关键词 冰晶 臭氧 耗损速率 低温 大气 气相反应
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Liquid Circulation in a Multi-tube Air-lift Loop Reactor 被引量:3
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作者 刘永民 刘铮 +1 位作者 穆克 袁乃驹 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2000年第3期267-271,共5页
A multi-tube air-lift loop reactor (MT-ALR) is presented in this paper. Based on the energy conservation, a mathematical model describing the liquid circulation flow rate was developed, which was determined by gas vel... A multi-tube air-lift loop reactor (MT-ALR) is presented in this paper. Based on the energy conservation, a mathematical model describing the liquid circulation flow rate was developed, which was determined by gas velocity, the cross areas of riser and downcomer, gas hold-up and the local frictional loss coefficient. The experimental data indicate that either increase of gas flow rate or reduction of the downcomer diameter contributes to higher liquid circulation rate. The correlation between total and the local frictional loss coefficients was also established.Effects of gas flowrate in two risers and diameter of downcomer on the liquid circulation rate were examined. The value of total frictional loss coefficient was measured as a function of the cross area of downcomer and independent of the gas flow rate. The calculated results of liquid circulation rates agreed well with the experimental data with an average relative error of 9.6%. 展开更多
关键词 REACTOR air-lift loop reactor multi-tube liquid circulation velocity frictional loss coefficient
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