A multi-tube air-lift loop reactor (MT-ALR) is presented in this paper. Based on the energy conservation, a mathematical model describing the liquid circulation flow rate was developed, which was determined by gas vel...A multi-tube air-lift loop reactor (MT-ALR) is presented in this paper. Based on the energy conservation, a mathematical model describing the liquid circulation flow rate was developed, which was determined by gas velocity, the cross areas of riser and downcomer, gas hold-up and the local frictional loss coefficient. The experimental data indicate that either increase of gas flow rate or reduction of the downcomer diameter contributes to higher liquid circulation rate. The correlation between total and the local frictional loss coefficients was also established.Effects of gas flowrate in two risers and diameter of downcomer on the liquid circulation rate were examined. The value of total frictional loss coefficient was measured as a function of the cross area of downcomer and independent of the gas flow rate. The calculated results of liquid circulation rates agreed well with the experimental data with an average relative error of 9.6%.展开更多
We evaluated the effects of salinity and body mass on the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris under laboratory conditions. Salinity and body mass had highly s...We evaluated the effects of salinity and body mass on the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris under laboratory conditions. Salinity and body mass had highly significant effects on the oxygen consumption rate （Ro） and ammonia excretion rate （RN） （P〈0.01）. The interactive effects between salinity and body mass on Ro and RN were insignificant （P〉0.05） and highly significant （P〈0.01）, respectively. Ro and RN of B. pectinirostris decreased significantly as the individual body mass increased. The relationship between Ro and body mass was represented by Ro=aWb （R^2=0.956, P〈0.01）. The relationship between RN and the body mass ofB. pectinirostris was represented by RN-cW^at （R^2=0.966, P〈0.01）. The Ro/RN （O：N） ratios increased significantly as the salinity increased from 12 to 27, but decreased as salinity increased from 27 to 32. The atomic O：N ratios were significantly higher at 27 than at other salinity levels. The average O：N ratio was 25.25. Lipid and carbohydrate were the primary energy sources and protein was the secondary energy significantly higher at 27 than at other salinity levels B, pectinirostris is 27. source within the salinity range 12 32. Ro andRN were Our results suggest that the optimum salinity level for B. pectinirostris is 27.展开更多
基金Supported by Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.972050).
文摘A multi-tube air-lift loop reactor (MT-ALR) is presented in this paper. Based on the energy conservation, a mathematical model describing the liquid circulation flow rate was developed, which was determined by gas velocity, the cross areas of riser and downcomer, gas hold-up and the local frictional loss coefficient. The experimental data indicate that either increase of gas flow rate or reduction of the downcomer diameter contributes to higher liquid circulation rate. The correlation between total and the local frictional loss coefficients was also established.Effects of gas flowrate in two risers and diameter of downcomer on the liquid circulation rate were examined. The value of total frictional loss coefficient was measured as a function of the cross area of downcomer and independent of the gas flow rate. The calculated results of liquid circulation rates agreed well with the experimental data with an average relative error of 9.6%.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.8152408801000015)
文摘We evaluated the effects of salinity and body mass on the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of mudskipper Boleophthalmus pectinirostris under laboratory conditions. Salinity and body mass had highly significant effects on the oxygen consumption rate （Ro） and ammonia excretion rate （RN） （P〈0.01）. The interactive effects between salinity and body mass on Ro and RN were insignificant （P〉0.05） and highly significant （P〈0.01）, respectively. Ro and RN of B. pectinirostris decreased significantly as the individual body mass increased. The relationship between Ro and body mass was represented by Ro=aWb （R^2=0.956, P〈0.01）. The relationship between RN and the body mass ofB. pectinirostris was represented by RN-cW^at （R^2=0.966, P〈0.01）. The Ro/RN （O：N） ratios increased significantly as the salinity increased from 12 to 27, but decreased as salinity increased from 27 to 32. The atomic O：N ratios were significantly higher at 27 than at other salinity levels. The average O：N ratio was 25.25. Lipid and carbohydrate were the primary energy sources and protein was the secondary energy significantly higher at 27 than at other salinity levels B, pectinirostris is 27. source within the salinity range 12 32. Ro andRN were Our results suggest that the optimum salinity level for B. pectinirostris is 27.
