We have studied why PA （post-annealing） takes a long time to restore damaged crystallinity, which corresponds to repeat 10 10 times of lattice vibrations. Using a MD （molecular dynamics） simulation, we monitored t...We have studied why PA （post-annealing） takes a long time to restore damaged crystallinity, which corresponds to repeat 10 10 times of lattice vibrations. Using a MD （molecular dynamics） simulation, we monitored the time-series of the LRO （long-range order） parameter as LRO pattern, in the case of a type IIa diamond, from the beginning of ion impact by a sub-keV N2 beam implantation to a few nanoseconds, i.e., close to the feasible time limit for MD simulations. Due to the ion impact, the LRO parameter changed gradually from ＂LRO = 1＂ （crystal） to ＂LRO = 0＂ （amorphous）, showing the so-called critical slowing-down phenomenon. However, since PA was started the LRO pattern was not unique. The LRO patterns were grouped into more than three types of phases and the transition between them was also found. From the viewpoint of statistical dynamics, such chaotic variations in the LRO pattern may present that the system is a GCM （globally coupled map） of a complex system in a closed system. A GCM composed of coupled oscillators develops slowly to exhibit several different phases or ‘chaotic itinerancy＇ over time. Therefore, the long duration required for PA may be attributable to the nature of a complex system.展开更多
Models of circadian genetic oscillators involving interlinked feedback processes in molecular level genetic networks in Drosophila melanogaster and Neurospora crassa are studied, and mechanisms whereby synchronization...Models of circadian genetic oscillators involving interlinked feedback processes in molecular level genetic networks in Drosophila melanogaster and Neurospora crassa are studied, and mechanisms whereby synchronization can arise in an assembly of cells are examined. The individual subcellular circadian oscillatory processes are stochastic in nature due to the small numbers of molecules that are involved, and are subject to large fluctuations. The authors investigate and present the simulations of the stochastic dynamics of ensembles of clock-regulating proteins in different nuclei that communicate via ancillary small molecules, environmental parameters, additive cellular noise, or through diffusive processes. The results show that the emergence of collective oscillations is a macroscopic observable which has its origins in the microscopic coupling between distinct cellular oscillators.展开更多
文摘We have studied why PA （post-annealing） takes a long time to restore damaged crystallinity, which corresponds to repeat 10 10 times of lattice vibrations. Using a MD （molecular dynamics） simulation, we monitored the time-series of the LRO （long-range order） parameter as LRO pattern, in the case of a type IIa diamond, from the beginning of ion impact by a sub-keV N2 beam implantation to a few nanoseconds, i.e., close to the feasible time limit for MD simulations. Due to the ion impact, the LRO parameter changed gradually from ＂LRO = 1＂ （crystal） to ＂LRO = 0＂ （amorphous）, showing the so-called critical slowing-down phenomenon. However, since PA was started the LRO pattern was not unique. The LRO patterns were grouped into more than three types of phases and the transition between them was also found. From the viewpoint of statistical dynamics, such chaotic variations in the LRO pattern may present that the system is a GCM （globally coupled map） of a complex system in a closed system. A GCM composed of coupled oscillators develops slowly to exhibit several different phases or ‘chaotic itinerancy＇ over time. Therefore, the long duration required for PA may be attributable to the nature of a complex system.
文摘Models of circadian genetic oscillators involving interlinked feedback processes in molecular level genetic networks in Drosophila melanogaster and Neurospora crassa are studied, and mechanisms whereby synchronization can arise in an assembly of cells are examined. The individual subcellular circadian oscillatory processes are stochastic in nature due to the small numbers of molecules that are involved, and are subject to large fluctuations. The authors investigate and present the simulations of the stochastic dynamics of ensembles of clock-regulating proteins in different nuclei that communicate via ancillary small molecules, environmental parameters, additive cellular noise, or through diffusive processes. The results show that the emergence of collective oscillations is a macroscopic observable which has its origins in the microscopic coupling between distinct cellular oscillators.
