考虑循环爆破效应的Hoek-Brown弹塑性损伤模型及其工程应用

针对钻爆法开挖隧道围岩损伤区数值计算方法的不足,建立考虑循环爆破效应的Hoek-Brown(以下称H-B)弹塑性损伤模型并给出数值解法。首先,根据疲劳损伤理论推导了中远场循环爆破累积损伤演化公式,将爆破损伤与应力重分布造成的塑性损伤进行耦合,建立基于广义H-B准则的岩石弹塑性损伤模型;其次,利用完全隐式的应力回映算法和算子分离法给出上述损伤模型的数值解法;最后,将该模型应用于大连地铁工程的围岩稳定性分析当中,通过现场声波测试验证了循环爆破累积损伤演化公式,并对研究断面的位移值和损伤区分布特性进行计算。结果表明:循环爆破累积损伤演化公式能够较好的表达循环爆破作用下岩体损伤的演化规律,同时所建弹塑性损伤模型可以反映不同爆破次数下围岩损伤区的分布特性,比传统方法更具有优势,对工程安全设计具有较好的指导作用。

Investigation of meso-failure behavior of rock under thermal-mechanical coupled effects based on high temperature SEM

It is extremely important to study and understand the deformation behavior and strength characteristics of rocks under thermal-mechanical （TM） coupling effects. Failure behavior and strength characteristics of Pingdingshan sandstone were investigated at room temperatures up to 300℃ in an internally heated apparatus and tensile load through meso-scale laboratory experiments in this work. 33 experiments have successfully been conducted for Pingdingshan sandstone. Experimental results indicated that the tensile strength increased slowly with temperatures from 25℃ to 100℃, and then sharply jumped from 100℃ to 150℃, and finally decreased slightly with temperatures from 150℃ to 300℃. And about 150℃ is the threshold temperature of strength and thermal cracking. At low temperatures （25℃-150℃）, sandstone strength is determined by relatively weak clay cement. However, at higher temperatures （150℃-300℃）, because of the strength enhancement of clay cement, sandstone strength is controlled by both mineral particles and clay cement. The effects of cement clay, micro-cracks closing, and thermal cracking were the possible reasons for our detailed analysis. In addition, the typical fracture position maps and nominal stress-strain curves indicated that the temperature had strong effects on the failure mechanism of sandstone. The fractograph implied that the dominant fracture mechanism tended to transform from brittle at low temperatures to ductile at high temperatures.