在采用计算流体力学−离散元耦合方法(computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method,CFD-DEM)进行固液两相耦合分析时,颗粒计算时间步的选取直接影响到耦合计算精度和计算效率.为此,本文选取每个目标颗粒为研究对象,引入插值...在采用计算流体力学−离散元耦合方法(computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method,CFD-DEM)进行固液两相耦合分析时,颗粒计算时间步的选取直接影响到耦合计算精度和计算效率.为此,本文选取每个目标颗粒为研究对象,引入插值函数计算时间步的运动位移,构建可变空间搜索网格;通过筛选可能碰撞颗粒建立搜索列表,采用逆向搜索方式判断碰撞颗粒,从而提出一种改进的DEM方法(modified discrete element method,MDEM).该算法在颗粒群与流体耦合计算中,颗粒计算初始时间步选取不受颗粒碰撞时间限制,通过自动调整和修正实现大步长,由颗粒和流体耦合条件实时更新流体计算时间步,使颗粒计算时间步选取过小导致计算效率低、选取过大导致颗粒碰撞漏判的问题得以解决,为颗粒与流体耦合的数值模拟提供了行之有效的计算方法.通过两个颗粒和多个颗粒的数值模拟,得到的颗粒间碰撞力、碰撞位置及次数,与理论计算结果的相对误差均低于2%,与传统的DEM碰撞搜索算法相比,在选取的3种计算时间步均不会影响计算精度,且有较高的计算效率.通过多个颗粒与流体的耦合数值模拟,采用传统的CFD-DEM方法,只有颗粒计算时间步选取10^(−6)s或更小才能得到精确解,而采用本文方法取10^(−4)s也能够得到精确解,避免了颗粒碰撞随时间步增大而出现的漏判问题,且计算耗时降低了16.7%.展开更多
Computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM) coupled approach was employed to simulate the solid suspension behavior in a Rushton stirred tank with consideration of transitional and rotational motions...Computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM) coupled approach was employed to simulate the solid suspension behavior in a Rushton stirred tank with consideration of transitional and rotational motions of millions of particles with complex interactions with liquid and the rotating impeller. The simulations were satisfactorily validated with experimental data in literature in terms of measured particle velocities in the tank.Influences of operating conditions and physical properties of particles(i.e., particle diameter and density) on the two-phase flow field in the stirred tank involving particle distribution, particle velocity and vortex were studied.The wide distribution of particle angular velocity ranging from 0 to 105r·min 1is revealed. The Magnus force is comparable to the drag force during the particle movement in the tank. The strong particle rotation will generate extra shear force on the particles so that the particle morphology may be affected, especially in the bio-/polymer-product related processes. It can be concluded that the CFD-DEM coupled approach provides a theoretical way to understand the physics of particle movement in micro- to macro-scales in the solid suspension of a stirred tank.展开更多
An effective method is introduced to compensate the effects of mutual coupling for the Estimation of Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) direction finding algorithm in application of signal ...An effective method is introduced to compensate the effects of mutual coupling for the Estimation of Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) direction finding algorithm in application of signal snapshot array processing.Changing the covariance matrix into a Teoplitz matrix can achieve high resolution in the Direction Of Arrive (DOA) estimation.How the mutual coupling affects the array antennas has been discussed and a new definition of mutual im- pedance has been used to characterize the mutual coupling effects between the array elements.Based on the new mutual impedance matrix,a practical method is presented to eliminate the effects of mutual coupling for ESPRIT in the single snapshot data processing.The simulation results show that, this new method not only properly reduces the effects of mutual coupling,but also maintains its steady performance even for weak signals.展开更多
The Lagrangian DDM （discrete droplet model） is state-of-the-art for CFD （computational fluid dynamics） simulations of mixture formation and combustion in industrial engines. A commonly known drawback of the DDM ap...The Lagrangian DDM （discrete droplet model） is state-of-the-art for CFD （computational fluid dynamics） simulations of mixture formation and combustion in industrial engines. A commonly known drawback of the DDM approach is the attenuated validity in the dense spray, where the bulk liquid disintegrates into droplets. There the assumption of single droplets surrounded by a homogenous gas field is not reasonable. In this region, the Eulerian-Eulerian multi-phase approach performs better because instead of parcels the spray is represented by the volume fractions of one bulk liquid and several droplet size class phases. A further drawback of the DDM approach is that increasing the spatial resolution of the computational grid leads to a reduced statistical convergence, since the number of spray parcels per computational cell becomes smaller. It is desirable to combine the benefits of both spray approaches in coupled CFD simulations. Therefore, the dense spray region is simulated separately with the Eulerian spray approach on a highly resolved mesh covering only the region close to the nozzle orifice. The entire engine domain with combustion and emission models is simulated with the Eulerian-Lagrangian spray approach for the dilute spray region. The two simulations are coupled through exchange of boundary conditions and model source terms. An on-line coupling interface manages the data transfer between the two simulation clients, i.e., Eulerian spray and engine client. The aim of this work is to extend the coupled spray approach in terms of exchanging combustion related heat and species sources, and consequently creating the link between Eulerian spray and combustion models. The results show mixture formation and combustion in real-case engine simulations, and demonstrate the feasibility of spray model combination in engineering applications.展开更多
This paper present electrical networks, with topological modelisations, generalized cross talked functions implemented in a Kron＇s formalism; Coupling functions are called chords and give a powerful extension to the ...This paper present electrical networks, with topological modelisations, generalized cross talked functions implemented in a Kron＇s formalism; Coupling functions are called chords and give a powerful extension to the method. Applied in electromagnetic compatibility, it has proven its efficiency in time computation and accuracy. The paper review the Kron＇s formalism, a mathematical modelisation of currents by tensorial analysis and topologie, the string principles, and an application, at the end, we propose power-chopper modeling.展开更多
文摘在采用计算流体力学−离散元耦合方法(computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method,CFD-DEM)进行固液两相耦合分析时,颗粒计算时间步的选取直接影响到耦合计算精度和计算效率.为此,本文选取每个目标颗粒为研究对象,引入插值函数计算时间步的运动位移,构建可变空间搜索网格;通过筛选可能碰撞颗粒建立搜索列表,采用逆向搜索方式判断碰撞颗粒,从而提出一种改进的DEM方法(modified discrete element method,MDEM).该算法在颗粒群与流体耦合计算中,颗粒计算初始时间步选取不受颗粒碰撞时间限制,通过自动调整和修正实现大步长,由颗粒和流体耦合条件实时更新流体计算时间步,使颗粒计算时间步选取过小导致计算效率低、选取过大导致颗粒碰撞漏判的问题得以解决,为颗粒与流体耦合的数值模拟提供了行之有效的计算方法.通过两个颗粒和多个颗粒的数值模拟,得到的颗粒间碰撞力、碰撞位置及次数,与理论计算结果的相对误差均低于2%,与传统的DEM碰撞搜索算法相比,在选取的3种计算时间步均不会影响计算精度,且有较高的计算效率.通过多个颗粒与流体的耦合数值模拟,采用传统的CFD-DEM方法,只有颗粒计算时间步选取10^(−6)s或更小才能得到精确解,而采用本文方法取10^(−4)s也能够得到精确解,避免了颗粒碰撞随时间步增大而出现的漏判问题,且计算耗时降低了16.7%.
基金Supported by the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China （2013CB733600）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （21036003, 20776074） and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China （20090002110069）.
文摘Computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM) coupled approach was employed to simulate the solid suspension behavior in a Rushton stirred tank with consideration of transitional and rotational motions of millions of particles with complex interactions with liquid and the rotating impeller. The simulations were satisfactorily validated with experimental data in literature in terms of measured particle velocities in the tank.Influences of operating conditions and physical properties of particles(i.e., particle diameter and density) on the two-phase flow field in the stirred tank involving particle distribution, particle velocity and vortex were studied.The wide distribution of particle angular velocity ranging from 0 to 105r·min 1is revealed. The Magnus force is comparable to the drag force during the particle movement in the tank. The strong particle rotation will generate extra shear force on the particles so that the particle morphology may be affected, especially in the bio-/polymer-product related processes. It can be concluded that the CFD-DEM coupled approach provides a theoretical way to understand the physics of particle movement in micro- to macro-scales in the solid suspension of a stirred tank.
文摘An effective method is introduced to compensate the effects of mutual coupling for the Estimation of Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) direction finding algorithm in application of signal snapshot array processing.Changing the covariance matrix into a Teoplitz matrix can achieve high resolution in the Direction Of Arrive (DOA) estimation.How the mutual coupling affects the array antennas has been discussed and a new definition of mutual im- pedance has been used to characterize the mutual coupling effects between the array elements.Based on the new mutual impedance matrix,a practical method is presented to eliminate the effects of mutual coupling for ESPRIT in the single snapshot data processing.The simulation results show that, this new method not only properly reduces the effects of mutual coupling,but also maintains its steady performance even for weak signals.
文摘The Lagrangian DDM （discrete droplet model） is state-of-the-art for CFD （computational fluid dynamics） simulations of mixture formation and combustion in industrial engines. A commonly known drawback of the DDM approach is the attenuated validity in the dense spray, where the bulk liquid disintegrates into droplets. There the assumption of single droplets surrounded by a homogenous gas field is not reasonable. In this region, the Eulerian-Eulerian multi-phase approach performs better because instead of parcels the spray is represented by the volume fractions of one bulk liquid and several droplet size class phases. A further drawback of the DDM approach is that increasing the spatial resolution of the computational grid leads to a reduced statistical convergence, since the number of spray parcels per computational cell becomes smaller. It is desirable to combine the benefits of both spray approaches in coupled CFD simulations. Therefore, the dense spray region is simulated separately with the Eulerian spray approach on a highly resolved mesh covering only the region close to the nozzle orifice. The entire engine domain with combustion and emission models is simulated with the Eulerian-Lagrangian spray approach for the dilute spray region. The two simulations are coupled through exchange of boundary conditions and model source terms. An on-line coupling interface manages the data transfer between the two simulation clients, i.e., Eulerian spray and engine client. The aim of this work is to extend the coupled spray approach in terms of exchanging combustion related heat and species sources, and consequently creating the link between Eulerian spray and combustion models. The results show mixture formation and combustion in real-case engine simulations, and demonstrate the feasibility of spray model combination in engineering applications.
文摘This paper present electrical networks, with topological modelisations, generalized cross talked functions implemented in a Kron＇s formalism; Coupling functions are called chords and give a powerful extension to the method. Applied in electromagnetic compatibility, it has proven its efficiency in time computation and accuracy. The paper review the Kron＇s formalism, a mathematical modelisation of currents by tensorial analysis and topologie, the string principles, and an application, at the end, we propose power-chopper modeling.
