In order to protect the interests of electric vehicle users and grid companies with vehicle-to-grid(V2G)technology,a reasonable electric vehicle discharge electricity price is established through the evolutionary game...In order to protect the interests of electric vehicle users and grid companies with vehicle-to-grid(V2G)technology,a reasonable electric vehicle discharge electricity price is established through the evolutionary game model.A game model of power grid companies and electric vehicle users based on the evolutionary game theory is established to balance the revenue of both players in the game.By studying the dynamic evolution process of both sides of the game,the range of discharge price that satisfies the interests of both sides is obtained.The results are compared with those obtained by the static Bayesian game.The results show that the discharge price which can benefit both sides of the game exists in a specific range.According to the setting of the example,the reasonable discharge electricity price is 1.1060 to 1.4811 yuan/(kW·h).Only within this range can the power grid company and electric vehicle users achieve positive interactions.In addition,the evolutionary game model is easier to balance the interests of the two players than the static Bayesian game.展开更多
A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric veh...A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric vehicles and local energy storage will be widely deployed. Internet technology will be utilized to transform the power grid into an energysharing inter-grid. To prepare for the future, a smart grid with intelligent periphery, or smart GRIP, is proposed. The building blocks of GRIP architecture are called clusters and include an energy-management system （EMS）-controlled transmission grid in the core and distribution grids, micro-grids, and smart buildings and homes on the periphery; all of which are hierarchically structured. The layered architecture of GRIP allows a seamless transition from the present to the future and plug-and-play interoperability. The basic functions of a cluster consist of （1） dispatch, （2） smoothing, and （3） mitigation. A risk-limiting dispatch methodology is presented; a new device, called the electric spring, is developed for smoothing out fluctuations in periphery clusters; and means to mitigate failures are discussed.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51577028).
文摘In order to protect the interests of electric vehicle users and grid companies with vehicle-to-grid(V2G)technology,a reasonable electric vehicle discharge electricity price is established through the evolutionary game model.A game model of power grid companies and electric vehicle users based on the evolutionary game theory is established to balance the revenue of both players in the game.By studying the dynamic evolution process of both sides of the game,the range of discharge price that satisfies the interests of both sides is obtained.The results are compared with those obtained by the static Bayesian game.The results show that the discharge price which can benefit both sides of the game exists in a specific range.According to the setting of the example,the reasonable discharge electricity price is 1.1060 to 1.4811 yuan/(kW·h).Only within this range can the power grid company and electric vehicle users achieve positive interactions.In addition,the evolutionary game model is easier to balance the interests of the two players than the static Bayesian game.
基金sponsored by National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2012CB215102) for WuUS National Science Foundation Award (1135872) for VaraiyaHong Kong RGC Theme-based Research Project (T23-701/14-N) for Hui
文摘A future smart grid must fulfill the vision of the Energy Internet in which millions of people produce their own energy from renewables in their homes, offices, and factories and share it with each other. Electric vehicles and local energy storage will be widely deployed. Internet technology will be utilized to transform the power grid into an energysharing inter-grid. To prepare for the future, a smart grid with intelligent periphery, or smart GRIP, is proposed. The building blocks of GRIP architecture are called clusters and include an energy-management system （EMS）-controlled transmission grid in the core and distribution grids, micro-grids, and smart buildings and homes on the periphery; all of which are hierarchically structured. The layered architecture of GRIP allows a seamless transition from the present to the future and plug-and-play interoperability. The basic functions of a cluster consist of （1） dispatch, （2） smoothing, and （3） mitigation. A risk-limiting dispatch methodology is presented; a new device, called the electric spring, is developed for smoothing out fluctuations in periphery clusters; and means to mitigate failures are discussed.
