In order to solve the methanol crossover problem caused by the poor alcohol rejecting ability of the Nafion TM membranes currently used in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC),polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)was blended with...In order to solve the methanol crossover problem caused by the poor alcohol rejecting ability of the Nafion TM membranes currently used in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC),polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)was blended with Nafion material to prepare a new type of membrane for DMFC and its ionic conductivity and the methanol permeability was investigated.PVDF was used here to regulate the ratio between hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group exist in the blend membranes according to the hydrophilic hydrophobic balance theory proposed in pervaporation.The adding of PVDF lead to a great improvement of the membrane’s MeOH rejection.When PVDF content was increased from 25% to 75%,the MeOH permeability was reduced from～10 -7 to ～10 -9 cm 2/s,1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of Nafion117.The membrane conductivity decreased,although remaining at high value(～10 -4 S/cm),with the increase of PVDF content.Compared with the Nafion117 membrane,the PVDF Nafion blend membrane with only 25% of Nafion showed an improvement in performance by about 40 times,if the ratio( σ/P ) was adopted to characterize the performance of a membrane for DMFC.Percolation theory,cocontinuous morphology features and phase transition model were applied to explain the behavior of membrane conduction.展开更多
A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) blend ultrafiltration(UF) membrane was prepared by phase inversion method.The experimental results showed that the blend membrane significantly increased the w...A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) blend ultrafiltration(UF) membrane was prepared by phase inversion method.The experimental results showed that the blend membrane significantly increased the water flux of PVDF membrane as well as kept the excellent chemical stability and high rejection for vitamin B 12 .展开更多
通过原子转移自由基聚合技术（Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization，ATRP）合成聚乙二醇单甲醚／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MPEG-b-PMMA）两亲性嵌段共聚物，运用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振氢谱（^1H-NMR）及凝胶渗透色谱（GPC...通过原子转移自由基聚合技术（Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization，ATRP）合成聚乙二醇单甲醚／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MPEG-b-PMMA）两亲性嵌段共聚物，运用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振氢谱（^1H-NMR）及凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对所合成的两亲性嵌段共聚物进行表征。然后，将所合成的MPEG-b-PMMA两亲性嵌段共聚物与聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）进行溶液共混，通过浸没沉淀相转化法制备MPEG-b-PMMA／PVDF共混超滤膜。膜性能测试结果表明：与PVDF膜相比，MPEG-b-PMMA／PVDF共混膜的亲水性、抗污染性、纯水通量及BSA截留率等性能均得到明显提高．展开更多
文摘In order to solve the methanol crossover problem caused by the poor alcohol rejecting ability of the Nafion TM membranes currently used in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC),polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)was blended with Nafion material to prepare a new type of membrane for DMFC and its ionic conductivity and the methanol permeability was investigated.PVDF was used here to regulate the ratio between hydrophilic group and the hydrophobic group exist in the blend membranes according to the hydrophilic hydrophobic balance theory proposed in pervaporation.The adding of PVDF lead to a great improvement of the membrane’s MeOH rejection.When PVDF content was increased from 25% to 75%,the MeOH permeability was reduced from～10 -7 to ～10 -9 cm 2/s,1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of Nafion117.The membrane conductivity decreased,although remaining at high value(～10 -4 S/cm),with the increase of PVDF content.Compared with the Nafion117 membrane,the PVDF Nafion blend membrane with only 25% of Nafion showed an improvement in performance by about 40 times,if the ratio( σ/P ) was adopted to characterize the performance of a membrane for DMFC.Percolation theory,cocontinuous morphology features and phase transition model were applied to explain the behavior of membrane conduction.
文摘A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) blend ultrafiltration(UF) membrane was prepared by phase inversion method.The experimental results showed that the blend membrane significantly increased the water flux of PVDF membrane as well as kept the excellent chemical stability and high rejection for vitamin B 12 .
文摘通过原子转移自由基聚合技术（Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization，ATRP）合成聚乙二醇单甲醚／聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MPEG-b-PMMA）两亲性嵌段共聚物，运用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、核磁共振氢谱（^1H-NMR）及凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对所合成的两亲性嵌段共聚物进行表征。然后，将所合成的MPEG-b-PMMA两亲性嵌段共聚物与聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）进行溶液共混，通过浸没沉淀相转化法制备MPEG-b-PMMA／PVDF共混超滤膜。膜性能测试结果表明：与PVDF膜相比，MPEG-b-PMMA／PVDF共混膜的亲水性、抗污染性、纯水通量及BSA截留率等性能均得到明显提高．
