数字时代工具书出版平台化创新及其路径——以“聚典数据开放平台”为例

由于技术、内容、数据等资源的强势驱动,数字出版的平台化创新逐渐成为近年来的行业发展热点,其中关于工具书的数字平台建设一直是热议的话题。本文以数字时代为研究背景,就工具书出版的传统模式及其不足进行了详细分析,并在此基础上提出了工具书出版的平台化创新及意义。与此同时,为了解决数字时代工具书出版短板,推动工具书出版的平台化创新实践,文章对上海世纪出版集团规划设计、上海辞书出版社承建研发的“聚典数据开放平台”进行了深入剖析,并总结其成功之道,以期为新时代工具书出版的平台化创新提供路径参考和经验启示。

从《辞海》到“聚典数据开放平台”

文章介绍了聚典的功能和业务逻辑,从实现与读者的广泛链接、满足读者一站式知识查检需要、创新商业模式三方面阐述了聚典的价值。回顾了聚典由最初的构想到横空出世,来自“强烈的使命追求、巨大的市场需要、恰当的应用场景”。总结了聚典的成功关键在于坚持用户思维、平台思维、数据思维、技术思维,按照互联网规律推动出版的数字化转型发展。展望未来,聚典将继承和发扬辞海精神,推进优质内容建设,做好持续迭代工作,构建更加完整、系统的知识体系,使之成为数字时代的文化基础设施。

Using ontology semantics to improve text documents clustering

In order to improve the clustering results and select in the results, the ontology semantic is combined with document clustering. A new document clustering algorithm based WordNet in the phrase of document processing is proposed. First, every word vector by new entities is extended after the documents are represented by tf-idf. Then the feature extracting algorithm is applied for the documents. Finally, the algorithm of ontology aggregation clustering （OAC） is proposed to improve the result of document clustering. Experiments are based on the data set of Reuters 20 News Group, and experimental results are compared with the results obtained by mutual information（MI）. The conclusion draws that the proposed algorithm of document clustering based on ontology is better than the other existed clustering algorithms such as MNB, CLUTO, co-clustering, etc.

Synchronization in Triangled Complex Networks

Using a tunable clustering coeffcient model withoutchanging the degree distribution, we investigate the effect of clustering coefficient on synchronization of networks with both unweighted and weighted couplings. For several typical categories of complex networks, the more triangles are in the networks, the worse the synchronizability of the networks is.

Serum levels of microRNAs can specifically predict liver injury of chronic hepatitis B

AIM： To investigate whether circulating microRNAs （miRNAs） can serve as molecular markers to predict liver injury resulted from chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. METHODS： The profiles of serum miRNA expression were first generated with serum samples collected from 10 patients with CHB and 10 healthy donors （Ctrls） by microarray analysis. The levels of several miRNAs were further quantitated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with serum samples from another 24 CHB patients and 24 Ctrls. Serum samples of 20 patients with nonalcohlic steatohepatitis （NASH） were also included for comparison. The comparison in the levels of miRNAs between groups （CHB, NASH and Ctrl） was analyzed with Mann-Whitney U-test. The cor- relation between miRNAs and clinical pathoparameters was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis or canonical correlation analysis. The receiver-operator characteristic （ROC） curves were also generated to de- termine the specificity and sensitivity of each individual miRNA in distinguishing patients with CriB from Ctrls. RESULTS： miRNA profile analysis showed that 34 miR- NAs were differentially expressed between CriB and Ctrl subjects, in which 12 were up-regulated and 22 down-regulated in CriB subject （fold change 〉 2.0 and P 〈 0.01）. The median levels of miR-122, -572, -575 and -638 were significantly higher （P 〈 1.00 × 10-5） while miR-744 significantly lower （P 〈 1.0× 10-6） in Crib compared with the Ctrl. The levels of miR-122, -572 and -638 were also higher （P 〈 1.00×10-3） while the level of miR-744 lower in CriB （P 〈 0.05） than in NASH, although the difference between them was not as significant as that between CHB and Ctrl. ROC curve analysis revealed that the levels of miR-122, -572, -575, -638 and -744 in serum were sensitive and specific enough to distinguish CriB, NASH and Ctrl. Multivariate analysis further showed that the levels of these miRNAs were correlated with the liver function parameters. Most significantly, it was the scatter plot of principal component with the levels of these miRNAs, but not the parameters of liver function, which clearly distinguished CriB, NASH and Ctrl subjects. CONCLUSION： Serum levels of miR-122, -572, -575, -638 and -744 are deregulated in patients with CHB or NASH. The levels of these miRNAs may serve as po- tential biomarkers for liver injury caused by CHB and NASH.

Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Semiconductor Materials via Surface Hopping Method

Photoinduced carrier dynamic processes are without doubt the main driving force responsible for the efficient performance of semiconductor nanomaterials in applications like photoconversion and photonics.Nevertheless,establishing theoretical insights into these processes is computationally challenging owing to the multiple factors involved in the processes,namely reaction rate,material surface area,material composition etc.Modelling of photoinduced carrier dynamic processes can be performed via nonadiabatic molecular dynamics(NA-MD)methods,which are methods specifically designed to solve the time-dependent Schrodinger equation with the inclusion of nonadiabatic couplings.Among NA-MD methods,surface hopping methods have been proven to be a mighty tool to mimic the competitive nonadiabatic processes in semiconductor nanomaterials,a worth noticing feature is its exceptional balance between accuracy and computational cost.Consequently,surface hopping is the method of choice for modelling ultrafast dynamics and more complex phenomena like charge separation in Janus transition metal dichalcogenides-based van der Waals heterojunction materials.Covering latest stateof-the-art numerical simulations along with experimental results in the field,this review aims to provide a basic understanding of the tight relation between semiconductor nanomaterials and the proper simulation of their properties via surface hopping methods.Special stress is put on emerging state-ot-the-art techniques.By highlighting the challenge imposed by new materials,we depict emerging creative approaches,including high-level electronic structure methods and NA-MD methods to model nonadiabatic systems with high complexity.

Pressure Buildup Analysis Using Type Curves for a Well in a Pressure-Maintained System

The development and application of a new solution is demonstrated for the type-curve analysis and in-terpretation of well test data from a multiwell reservoir system of both production and injection wells with two-phase flow. The buildup type curves or buildup behavior could be obtained through the solution by using su-perposition. But a new outer boundary condition for variable pressure boundary must be introduced to obtain the correct pressure buildup solutions by superposition. A technique is shown to determine the deviation time from the infinite-acting semilog radial flow stabilization in the derivatives of pressure, which is calculated with respect to and plotted vs. shut-in time. Field examples are given to illustrate the use of the proposed method for analyzing transient pressure data from a well located in a multi-well water-injection reservoir. An adaptive genetic algorithm-based method is used to match the pressure and pressure derivative data to estimate reservoir parameters. The validity and applicability of the proposed method are also demonstrated through the examples.

守正创新 构筑数字时代出版新高地

上海世纪出版(集团)有限公司通过实施“集团数字出版三年行动计划”,以“平台运营”为目标打造垂直领域的集成性应用,以“分类聚合”为手段为平台运营提供坚实的内容基础,以“交叉授权”为机制实现内容资源的良性循环和转化,在工具书、优秀传统文化、基础教育等出版领域形成多头并进的数字化转型局面,打造了“聚典数据开放平台”“沪学习App”“汇典古籍数字服务平台”等数字化产品、平台和服务,构建数字出版矩阵。文章总结了上海世纪出版(集团)有限公司在开展数字出版工作方面的主要思路和做法,以期对推进出版单位数字化转型提供借鉴。