Pervaporation(PV),as an environmental friendly and energy-saving separation technology,has been received increasing attention in recent years.This article reviews the preparation and application of macroporous ceramic...Pervaporation(PV),as an environmental friendly and energy-saving separation technology,has been received increasing attention in recent years.This article reviews the preparation and application of macroporous ceramic-supported polymer composite pervaporation membranes.The separation materials of polymer/ceramic composite membranes presented here include hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),chitosan(CS) and polyelectrolytes.The effects of ceramic support treatment,polymer solution properties,interfacial adhesion and incorporating or blending modification on the membrane structure and PV performance are discussed.Two in-situ characterization methods developed for polymer/ceramic composite membranes are also covered in the discussion.The applications of these composite membranes in pervaporation process are summarized as well,which contain the bio-fuels recovery,gasoline desulfuration and PV coupled proc-ess using PDMS/ceramic composite membrane,and dehydration of alcohols and esters using ceramic-supported PVA or PVA-CS composite membrane.Finally,a brief conclusion remark on polymer/ceramic composite mem-branes is given and possible future research is outlined.展开更多
Microporous asymmetric polystyrene （PS） membranes were prepared by supercritical CO2-induced phase inversion. The effects of different process parameters, such as temperature, COe pressure and PS concentration in ca...Microporous asymmetric polystyrene （PS） membranes were prepared by supercritical CO2-induced phase inversion. The effects of different process parameters, such as temperature, COe pressure and PS concentration in casting solution, on the membrane morphologies, pore size distribution and especially on the porosity of the membranes were experimentally investigated. The porosity showed a tendency of increasing to a maximum and then decreasing with an increase of temperature, CO2 pressure or PS concentration. The effects of process parameters on the membrane porosity were explained based on the properties of supercritical fluids.展开更多
In this paper, composite film based on polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)/graphene oxide(GO) was fabricated by spray method on AT-cut 9.986 MHz quartz crystal microbalance(QCM) for NH_3 sensing. The thin films were characteriz...In this paper, composite film based on polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)/graphene oxide(GO) was fabricated by spray method on AT-cut 9.986 MHz quartz crystal microbalance(QCM) for NH_3 sensing. The thin films were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-VIS) to investigate the morphologies and the composition contents, respectively. The experimental results reveal that PVP/GO based sensor holds higher sensitivity, larger responsiveness and smaller baseline drift than those based on pure PVP at room temperature. Besides, the prepared sensor exhibits greater response to NH_3 than other gases such as CO, CO_2 and NO_2 at the same concentration. The good linearity, reproducibility and stability demonstrate the practicability of PVP/GO hybrid film in detecting NH_3.展开更多
文摘Pervaporation(PV),as an environmental friendly and energy-saving separation technology,has been received increasing attention in recent years.This article reviews the preparation and application of macroporous ceramic-supported polymer composite pervaporation membranes.The separation materials of polymer/ceramic composite membranes presented here include hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),chitosan(CS) and polyelectrolytes.The effects of ceramic support treatment,polymer solution properties,interfacial adhesion and incorporating or blending modification on the membrane structure and PV performance are discussed.Two in-situ characterization methods developed for polymer/ceramic composite membranes are also covered in the discussion.The applications of these composite membranes in pervaporation process are summarized as well,which contain the bio-fuels recovery,gasoline desulfuration and PV coupled proc-ess using PDMS/ceramic composite membrane,and dehydration of alcohols and esters using ceramic-supported PVA or PVA-CS composite membrane.Finally,a brief conclusion remark on polymer/ceramic composite mem-branes is given and possible future research is outlined.
文摘Microporous asymmetric polystyrene （PS） membranes were prepared by supercritical CO2-induced phase inversion. The effects of different process parameters, such as temperature, COe pressure and PS concentration in casting solution, on the membrane morphologies, pore size distribution and especially on the porosity of the membranes were experimentally investigated. The porosity showed a tendency of increasing to a maximum and then decreasing with an increase of temperature, CO2 pressure or PS concentration. The effects of process parameters on the membrane porosity were explained based on the properties of supercritical fluids.
基金supported by the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China(Grant No.61421002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61571097)
文摘In this paper, composite film based on polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)/graphene oxide(GO) was fabricated by spray method on AT-cut 9.986 MHz quartz crystal microbalance(QCM) for NH_3 sensing. The thin films were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-VIS) to investigate the morphologies and the composition contents, respectively. The experimental results reveal that PVP/GO based sensor holds higher sensitivity, larger responsiveness and smaller baseline drift than those based on pure PVP at room temperature. Besides, the prepared sensor exhibits greater response to NH_3 than other gases such as CO, CO_2 and NO_2 at the same concentration. The good linearity, reproducibility and stability demonstrate the practicability of PVP/GO hybrid film in detecting NH_3.
