国内外政府服务绩效评估研究的比较——基于WOS与CNKI数据的分析

借助学者这个"社会的眼睛"来把握政府服务绩效的现状,这是一种数据挖掘评价的路径。通过对WOS(Web of Science)和CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)数据库中政府服务绩效评估研究的比较,可以发现,国外通过解构的方式,将"政府服务"细化为交通、卫生、基础设施等具体服务进行绩效评估研究,其目的是为了实现公民满意,在竞争中保证服务质量。国内各种研究都要纳入"服务型政府"的范畴,力图构建一个整体性的"服务型政府绩效评估"体系。借鉴国外经验,我们需要破除研究中的"刮风"习惯,推进有明确对象的政府服务绩效评估研究;在实践中需要对政府服务进行市场细分,推进政府在服务提供中的终极责任制。

不同散热方式对多结太阳电池影响的研究

以第三代多结砷化镓太阳电池为研究对象,在太阳光仿真器下,测试不同聚焦倍率,未散热、被动铝散热片和复合散热3种散热方式下太阳电池的输出特性,分析不同光强以及不同散热方式对多结太阳电池的影响。测试结果表明:1)测试结果符合太阳电池的I-V特征曲线方程;在500倍高倍聚焦、复合散热方式下电池片效率为34.30%,比被动铝散热片条件下的高2.79%,比未散热条件下的高4.03%;2)多结太阳电池需要散热装置,在聚焦倍率大于100倍的高倍聚焦条件下,应采用复合散热方式;在聚焦倍率小于100倍的低倍聚焦条件下,可采用被动铝散热片的散热方式。

AUTOFOCUSING OF SYNTHETIC HRR RADAR USING STEPPED FREQUENCY WAVEFORMS

Most operating radar systems don′t have sufficient frequency bandwidth to produce high range resolution(HRR) profile of a target. But we can use stepped frequency waveform in a narrow band coherent radar to obtain the HRR profile of a target. For moving targets which are of great importance in practical radar usage, autofocusing,i.e. phase correction, is a necessary and critical step of the synthetic HRR processing. The purpose of autofocusing is to remove the radial motion effect of the target from radar echoes, and only reserve the stepped frequency effect which is the basis of synthetic HRR capability. We investigate two autofocusing approaches for synthetic HRR radars using stepped frequency waveform in this paper. The first is motion fitting method. This method depends on a certain parametric model, and is computationally expensive. Then we propose the iterative dominant scatterer method. It is robust, non parametric and simple in computation in comparison with the motion fitting method. Experimental results based on data acquired by using a metallised scale model B 52 in a microwave anechoic chamber reveal the validity and effectiveness of the method.

Feasibility of confocal endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of pediatric gastrointestinal disorders

AIM： To evaluate the feasibility and utility of confocal laser endomicroscopy （CLE） in the description of normal gastrointestinal （GI） mucosa and in the diagnosis of GI disorders in children, in comparison to histology.METHODS： Forty-four patients （19 female） median age 10.9 years （range 0.7-16.6 years） with suspected or known GI pathology underwent esophago-gastro- duodenoscopy （OGD） （n = 36） and/or ileocolonoscopy （IC） （n = 31） with CLE using sodium fluorescein and acriflavine as contrast agents. Histological sections were compared with same site confocal images by two experienced pediatric and GI histopathologists and endoscopists, respectively.RESULTS： Duodenum and ileum were intubated in all but one patient undergoing OGD and IC. The median procedure time was 16.4 min （range 7-25 rain） for OGD and 27.9 min （range 15-45 min） for IC. A total of 4798 confocal images were compared with 153 biopsies from the upper GI tract from 36 procedures, and 4661 confocal images were compared with 188 biopsies from the ileocolon from 31 procedures.Confocal images were comparable to conventional histology both in normal and in pathological conditions such as esophagitis, Helicobacter pylori gastritis, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colonic heterotopia, and graft versus host disease.CONCLUSION： CLE offers the prospect of targeting biopsies to abnormal mucosa, thereby increasing diagnostic yield, reducing the number of biopsies, decreasing the burden on the histopathological services, and reducing costs.

A Study on Gradient Refractive Index Polymer Rods——Mechanism of Diffusion-Copolymerization of Diallyl Phthalate-Methyl Methacrylate

The gel rod, partially polymerized DAP (diallyl phthalate), is immersed in MMA (methyl methacrylate) solution, followed by heat-treatment to yield the GRIN (gradient ref- ractive index) rod. A three-stage mechanism of diffusion-copolymerization process is propo- sed, giving an interpretation to the formation of cracks that are brought about in large-dia- meter GRIN rods.

High power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia combined with intrapleural injection of Shapeilin in the treatment of patients with malignant hydrothorax

Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of high power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia with intrapleural injection of Shapeilin for patients with malignant hydrothorax.Methods:Fifty-eight patients with malignant hydrothorax were divided into group A and group B randomly.All patients underwent indwelling pleural catheter and were treated by intrapleural injection of Shapeilin once three days.Treatment was composed of 3 times injection.Patients of group B received high power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia after injection of Shapeilin.Results:The response rate of group B(79.3%) was higher than that of group A(48.3%)(P < 0.05).Incidence of main adverse reactions,associated with Shapeilin,of two groups including fever and thoracodynia were similar(P > 0.05).Patients of group B didn't encounter severe toxicities of microwave hyperthermia.Conclusion:High power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia combined with intrapleural injection of Shapeilin is effective and tolerable for patients with malignant hydrothorax.

Observation on Double Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development in Autotetraploid Polyembryonic Rice

The process of double fertilization and the characters of embryo and endosperm development in an autotetraploid polyembryonic mutant rice IR36-Shuang were studied with a laser scanning confocal microscopy. Some abnormalities including degenerated ovary, abortive embryo sac, single fertilization, double-ovule and double-embryo and so on. were found dudng double fertilization and embryo development in IR36-Shuang. The rate of the abnormalities was 46.67% in IR36-Shuang, significantly higher than that in the control, an autotetraploid rice line IR36-4X （33.00%）. Cytological and embryonic evidences were provided for seed setting decline and the initiation of additional embryo in IR36-Shuang.