Ru(bpy)_3^(2+)聚电解质光致发光电致发光性质

以Ru(bpy) 2 + 3 作为发光材料研制聚合物电致发光器件 ,分别以水溶性聚乙烯基氯化铵 (PAA)和聚苯乙烯基磺酸钠 (PSSTS)作为母体材料 ,研究了聚阴阳离子对器件性质的影响。通过对器件结构、母体浓度、掺杂浓度进行优选 ,得到结构为ITO/PVK/Ru∶PAA/LiF/Al的器件。这一器件开启电压为 3 5V ,效率为 1 1lm/W。

养阴清热解毒法治疗Ⅱ级糖尿病足疗效观察

目的观察养阴清热解毒法治疗Ⅱ级糖尿病足阴虚血瘀、肌肤毒聚阴疡证患者的临床疗效。方法将60例患者随机分为治疗组与对照组,各30例。对照组采用降糖、降脂、祛聚、改善患肢血供、营养神经及抗生素,溃疡创面配合换药,治疗组在对照组常规治疗的基础上配合中药养阴清热解毒,药用四妙活血汤,治疗28 d后观察临床疗效。结果治疗组疗效与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组患肢麻木、发凉、疼痛缓解的例数与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组患肢皮温及踝肱指数(ABI)治疗后与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论养阴清热解毒法治疗Ⅱ级糖尿病足阴虚血瘀、毒聚肌肤阴疡证患者疗效显著,能缩短溃疡愈合时间,减轻患者痛苦。

Numerical study of forward smoldering combustionof polyurethane foam

A two-dimensional and two-phase numerical model is presented for the smolder propagation in a horizontal polyurethane foam. The chemical processes considered include endothermic pyrolysis and exotherrnic oxidation degradation of polyurethane foam and exothermic oxidation of char. The governing equations are discretized in space using the finite element method and solved by the software package FEMLAB. Predicted profiles of solid temperature as well as evolutions of solid compositions （including foam, char and ash） are presented at an airflow velocity of 0. 28 cm/s. The computed average smoldering velocity is 0. 021 4 cm/s, and the average maximum temperature is 644. 67 K. Based on the evolutions of solid compositions, the packed bed can be obviously divided into four zones： unreacted zone, fuel pyrolysis and oxidation zone, char oxidation zone and fuel burned-out zone. Simultaneously, the effects of inlet air velocity and fuel properties （including thermal conductivity, specific heat, density and pore diameter） are studied on the smoldering propagation. The results show that the smoldering velocity and temperature have a roughly linear increase with increasing inlet air velocity; the fuel density is the most important factor in determining smoldering propagation; radiation has a non-negligible role on the smoldering velocity for larger pore diameters of porous material. The computational results are compared with the experimental data and a general agreement is reached.

歐陽中石先生印象記

人們常說,相互交往當中“第一印象”格外重要。的確,我與歐陽中石先生結識並且向他學習書法藝術已有多年,過從甚密,但最難忘懷的,还是那幾個“第一次”。我第一次見到歐陽先生是在人民日報社的神州画院。當時他正輔導一位日本女學生寫字。先生給我的第一印象是穿著極為隨便、普通。又加上個子不高,舉止隨和。

一个盲姑娘的故事

一九八一年十一月十四日凌晨,河北省沧州市雪地上發現一個棄嬰:身長只有四十厘米,體重兩公斤。她雙眼緊閉,掙扎着,哭叫着,一聲慢,一聲緊……上早班的工人們圍着她,議論紛紛:“這孩子的爹娘真狠呀!”“孩子的眼是咋回事啊,能治好嗎?”滄州化肥廠職工邱德煥聽說了,急不可耐地擠過去。她含着淚花解開裹着棄嬰的被子,把她緊緊貼在胸口上,說:“孩子,我抱你回家。”中午,邱德焕的老伴、同廠職工毛鳳和及全家商議後决定:收養這個女嬰。

Effect of magnetic field on property and structure of polyaniline doped with multiple sulfonic acids

Polyaniline(PAn)doped with multiple sulfonic acid system of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid(DBSA)and sulfosalicylic acid(SSA)was synthesized by emulsion polymerization using ammonium persulfate(APS)as an oxidizing agent in the presence and the absence of a constant magnetic field(MF)of 0.8 T.The structure and properties of the PAn were characterized by X-ray diffractometer(XRD),thermogravimetric apparatus(TGA),FT-IR spectroscope(FT-IR)and four probe digital multimeter.The results indicate that,when the molar ratio of DBSA to SSA is 1/3,that of dopant to An is 3/2,that of APS to An is 4/5 in the synthesizing media,and the doping time is 3 h,the conductivity of the PAn synthesized in the presence of the MF of 0.8 T reaches 5.88 S/cm,which is higher than that of the PAn synthesized in the absence of the MF.The thermal stability,the crystallinity and the doping degree of the PAn synthesized in the presence of the MF are also improved.MF not only enhances the conductivity,but also reduces the doping time,the dosage of the dopant and the oxidizing agent when the conductivity reaches the maximum.

Protein adsorption onto diethylaminoethyl dextran modified anion exchanger:Effect of ionic strength and column behavior

Our previous studies on bovine serum albumin （BSA） adsorption to diethylaminoethyl dextran （DEAE dextran, DexD, grafting-ligand） and DEAE （D, surface-ligand） modified Sepharose FF resins found that all the grafted resins （FF-DexD and FF-D-DexD） exhibited extremely fast uptake rate （effective diffusivity, De, De/Do 〉 1.4）, which was six times greater than the ungrafted resins （De/Do 〈 0.3）. In this work, the influence of ionic strength （IS） on 6 typical DEAE dextran-grafted resins was investigated. Bath adsorption equilibria and kinetics, breakthrough, and linear gradient elution experiments were conducted. Commercial DEAE Sepharose FF was used for comparison. It is found that protein adsorption capacities on DEAE dextran-FF resins and the commercial resin decreased with increasing IS, but DEAE dextran-FF resins exhibited much higher capacity sensitivity to salt concentration. Besides, steeper decrease of adsorption capacities could be obtained at higher graftingligand or surface-ligand density. It is worth noting that the facilitating role of surface-ligand to the ＂chain delivery＂ effect was weakened after adding salt, leading to the less improvement in uptake rate by increasing surface-ligand density at higher IS. Although the uptake rates of the DEAE dextran-FF resins increased first and then decreased with increasing fS, they kept the extremely high level of De values （De/Do 〉 1.1 ） at the their working/binding IS range. Moreover, the DEAE dextran-FF resin displayed much higher adsorption capacities and De values than commercial ungrafted resin in their working condition. Furthermore, the column results of DEAE dextran-FF resins presented higher dynamic binding capacities than and similar elution ISs with DEAE Sepharose FF to achieve similar （or even higher） recoveries suggest the excellent chromatographic column performance of the DEAE dextran-FF resins. Finally, both high recovery and purity of BSA and γ-globulin could be easily achieved using the typical DEAE dextran-FF column, FF-D60-DexD160, to separate their binary mixtures, by step gradient elution. The research has provided new insights into the practical application of the series of DEAE-dextran grafted resins in protein chromatography and proved their superiority.

Study on the sedimentation capability of bauxite flotation concentrate

The sedimentation behaviors of bauxite flotation concentrates were investigated at different pH values and floceulant dosages. The effects of three types of flocculants （ cationic, anionic and non-ionic polyacrylamide floceulants） as well as the molecular weight of anionic flocculants on the sedimentation of concentrate were studied. It is shown from the experimental results that at the pH 7.0, best sedimentation capability is reached when anionic polyacrylamide flocculant （molecular weight 14 million） is added and the optimal dosage is 30 g/t.

Cathode catalytic dependency behavior on ionomer content in direct methanol fuel cells

Cathode catalyst layers （CLs） with varying ionomer （Nation） contents were prepared and the direct methanol fuel cell structure and catalytic behavior were investigated as a function of ionomer content. CL roughness and thickness increased with increasing Nation content. Contact angle measurements determined that CL hydrophilicity also increased as a function of Nation content. Poor bonding between the CL, microporous layer, and the proton exchange membrane was obtained when the ionomer content was too low. The electrochemical surface areas （ESAs） were found to increase with increasing Nation content before reaching an asymptote at elevated loading levels. However, upon increasing the ionomer content above 30 wt.%, the water and oxygen mass transler properties were difficult to control. Considering the above conditions, N30 （：30 wt.% Nation） was found to be the optimal level to effectively extend the three-phase boundaries and enhance cell performance.

Photo-Corrosion of CdSe Film Electrode by Electrochemical Modulation Reflectance Spectrum

The photo-corrosion of electrodeposited polycrystalline CdSe electrode was inhibited effectively by coating a thin layer of the conductive polyaniline （PAN） film. The relation between the performance and internal band structure of such film-covered PAN/CdSe electrode was studied by the electrochemical modulation reflectance spectrum （EMRS）. EMRS of both CdSe and PAN/CdSe electrodes in K4Fe（CN）6/K3Fe（CN）6 solution exhibited typical France-Keidysh oscillations, by which the values of the energy gap and flat band potential were determined. The EMRS results indicated that the energy band structure of CdSe electrode was not changed after coated with PAN film, so that the photoelectrochemical characteristic of PAN/CdSe electrode was rather similar to that of CdSe electrode.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY(STYRENE - ETHYLENE OXIDE) DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS

Well - defined diblock copolymers Of styrene (St ) and ethylene oxide (EO )have been prepared by sequential living anionic polymerization of the twocomonomers in THF. Diphenyl methyl potassium has been used as initiator. Theblock copolymers were characterized in detail by methods Of size exclusion chromatography (SEC ) , 1H - Nab, FT - IR, dynamic mechanical analysis(Daal ) and WAXD.

Synthesis of an Amphiphilic Dendrimer-Like Block Copolymer and Its Application on Drug Delivery

Dendrimer-like amphiphilic copolymer is a kind of three-dimensional spherical structure polymer. An amphiphilic dendrimer-like diblock copolymer, PEEGE-G2-b-PEO（OH）12, constituted of a hydrophobic poly（ethoxyethyl glycidol ether） inner core and a hydrophilic poly（ethylene oxide） outer layer, has been successfully synthesized by the living anionic ring-opening polymerization method. The intermediates and targeted products were charac-terized with 1H NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The application on drug delivery of dendrimer-like diblock copolymer PEEGE-G2-b-PEO（OH）12 using DOX as a model drug was also studied. The drug loading content and encapsulation e ciency were found at 13.07% and 45.75%, respectively. In vitro release experiment results indicated that the drug-loaded micelles exhibited a sustained release behavior under acidic media.

Current Situation of Transvaginal Mesh Repair for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

SURGICAL mesh is a metallic or polymeric screen intended to be implanted to reinforce soft tissue or bone where weakness exists. Surgical mesh has been used since the 1950s to repairabdominal hernias. In the using surgical mesh products 1970s, gynecologists began to indicate the repair of pelvic organ prolapse （POP）, and in the 1990s, gynecologists began using surgical mesh for POP. Then the U.S. Food andDrug Administration （FDA） approved the first surgical mesh product specifically for use in POP.

Isolation and identification of a bacteria strain Enterobacter cloacae I7 for degradation of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide

A bacteria strain for the degradation of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide （HPAM） was isolated from a curing pot in HPAM distribution station of Daqing Oilfield using Hungate anaerobic technique. The isolate was investigated from morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular characterization. It is a Gram-negative, shortbacillus, non-spore-forming anaerobic bacteria with an optimum growth at 8.0 pH at 40℃. It can reduce sulfate to I-I2S. Alignment of 16S ribosomal DNA and 16S-23S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer sequences suggests that this isolate is closely related to the Enterobacter cloacae. The isolate is identified as a new strain belonging to Enterobacter genus, temporarily named as Enterobacter cloacae 17. Analysis results of infrared spectroscopy （IR） show that the bacteria can use HPAM as the only carbon source, change the structure of HPAM polymer surface, and realize the hydrolysis of amide to carboxyl group by hydrolysis mechanism. It can degrade the side chain and change some functional groups, which obviously decreases the viscosity. GC-MS analysis indicates that the determined low-molecular weight degradation products of HPAM are polyacrylamide fragments with duplet bond, epoxy as well as carbonyl group, but most of them are acrylamide oligomer derivatives.

The Kinetic Study on the Anionic Polymerization of Isoprene

The kinetic study of the anionic polymerization of isoprene is carried out in tetrahy-drofuran(THF), using n-BuLi as initiator. Kinetic parameters are obtained, which comprise chain propagation rate constant, kp, and partial rate constants, k3 and k4 + k5, propagation orders with respect to monomer and active species concentrations, α and β, real activation energy, E, as well as partial activation energies, E3 and E4+5 and so on. The relationship between the microstruc-ture of polyisoprene and the ratio of [THF]/[n-BuLi] has been investigated. On the basis of the studies mentioned above, a reasonable mechanism of the anionic polymerization of isoprene in THF is proposed.

Surface Modification of Anionic Polyurethane with Silk Fibroin Peptide and Its Effects on the Culture of Fibroblasts

The surface modification of the anionic polyurethane(APU)film was carried out by immersing it in silk fibroin peptide(SFP)solution for 12 h and then treating with low temperature plasma glow discharge.The physical properties and moisture permeability of modified films were examined.The results showed that SFP-modified APU films had better moisture permeability than oleophilic polyurethane,as well as modified APU films kept good flexibility.Modified APU films could overcome rigid and brittle weaks of silk fibroin films.The morphology of SFP on the APU film was corpuscular aggregations.The water-contact angle measurement indicated that the change of hydrophilicity and the element chemical analysis suggested that the SFP-modified film surface was enriched with nitrogen atoms.The biocompatibility of APU films may be improved due to the change of surface components.Cell viability and proliferation of rat embryo dermal fibroblasts seeded on control films,APU films and SFP-modified APU films were evaluated by MTT assay and viable cell counts,respectively.The results indicated that the APU film modified by SFP protein showed the proliferation of fibroblasts on the film,and that the compound interface had good stability in the air.Results also showed that presoaking treatment for APU films was effective to accomplish the goal of surface modification.

Molecular Dynamics Study of Interaction between Acrylamide Copolymers and Alumina Crystal

Four acrylamide polymer flocculants, anionic polyacrylamide P（AA-co-AM）, cationic poly- acrylamide P（DMB-co-AM）, nonionic polyacrylamide P（AM）, and hydrophobical polyacry- lamide P（OA-co-AM） have been prepared by copolymerizing with acrylic acid, cationic monomer dimethylethyl （acryloxyethyl） ammonium bromide （DMB） and hydrophobical monomer octadecyl acrylate with acrylamide. The interactions between the flocculants with the （012） surface of alumina crystal （A1203） have been simulated by molecular dynamics method. All the polymers can bind tightly with A1203 crystal, the interaction between the O of polymers and A1 of the （012） surface of A1203 is significantly strong. The order of binding energy is as follows： P（DMB-co-AM）〉P（OA-co-AM）〉P（AA-co-AM）〉P（AM）, implying a better flocculation performance of P（DMB-co-AM） than the others. Analy- sis indicates that binding energy is mainly determined by Coulomb interaction. Bonds are found between the O atoms of the polymers and the A1 atoms of A1203. The poly- mers＇ structures deform when they combine with A1203 crystal, but the deformation en- ergies are low and far less than non-bonding energies. Flocculation experiments in sus- pension medium of l%Kaolin show a transmittancy of 90.8% for 6 mg/L P（DMB-co-AM） and 73.0% for P（AM）. The sequence of flocculation performance of four polymers is P（DMB-co-AM）〉P（OA-co-AM）〉P（AA-co-AM）〉P（AM）, which is in excellent agreement with the simulation results of binding energy.

Preparation of composite abrasives by electrostatic self-assembly method and its polishing properties in Cu CMP

The adsorption characteristics of cationic polyelectrolyte poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride （PDADMAC） and anionic polyelectrolyte poly （sodium-p-styrenesulfonate） （PSS） on benzoguanamine formal- dehyde （BGF） particles are investigated. The charging characteristics of BGF particles are changed and con- trolled using electrostatic self-assembly method. A variety of PE,-BGF/SiO2 composite abrasives are obtained. The as-prepared samples are analyzed by zeta potential analysis, transmission electron microscope （TEM） and thermogravimetric （TG） analysis. The composite abrasive slurries are prepared for copper polishing. The poli- shing results indicate that it is SiO2 abrasives, not only coated SiO2 abrasive on polymer particles but also free SiO2 abrasive in slurry, that offer the polishing action. The material removal rates of copper polishing are 264 nm/min, 348 nm/min and 476 nm/min using single SiO2 abrasive slurry, PE0-BGF/SiO2 mixed abrasive slur- ry and PE3-BGF/SiO2 composite abrasive slurry, respectively. The surface roughness Ra of copper wafer （with 5μm×5μm district） is decreased from 0.166 μm to 3.7 nm, 2.6 nm and 1.5 nm, and the surface peak-valley values Rrv are less than 20 nm, 14 nm and 10 nm using these kinds of slurries, respectively. Key words ： chemico-mechanical polishing; polishing slurry; composite abrasives ; polyelectrolyte ; copper

Soil Removal Efficacy of Catholyte on Polyamide 6.6 Fabric

This study determined the detergency properties of Catholyte, an electrochemically activated medium, on polyamide 6.6 as a possible alternative to conventional laundering detergents. Undyed polyamide 6.6 was used and soiled with keltex, corn starch, mineral oil, oleic acid, morpholine, vegetable fat, butanol, solvesso 150 and water. Some soiled fabric was retained as control and not laundered. Soiled fabric was laundered at 30 ~C as well as 40 ~C with either, distilled water, Catholyte, non-phosphate detergent, a 50/50 solution of Catholyte and non-phosphate detergent, or a 50/50 solution of Catholyte and phosphate detergent. Data were analyzed descriptively by using analysis of variance （ANOVA）, which fitted the factors of treatment and temperature, as well as all two-factor interactions between these variables. A probability value of 0.05 or less indicated significance. Catholyte was effective in removing soil and reached a/XE＊ value of 59.30, but was statistically different from the phosphate detergent. Temperature did not have a significant effect on soil removal from the fabric, but the interaction with a treatment had significant effects. Treatment alone had a significant soil removal effect on the fabric. Thus, the temperature was dependent on an interaction with the treatment. The non-phosphate detergent was efficient in removing soil from the fabric and slightly more efficient than either 50/50 Catholyte solution. The 50/50 Catholyte/non-phosphate detergent solution was slightly less effective than its phosphate containing counterpart. When considering the interaction between treatment and temperature, the 50/50 Catholyte/phosphate and 50/50 Catholyte/non-phosphate solutions were more efficient at 40 ~C. Thus the interaction between the solution and higher temperature proved to be a better combination. This was also the case for the Catholyte and the non-phosphate wash liquors. Catholyte, an environmentally friendly washing agent, is an attractive alternative to conventional laundry detergents because it removes soil efficiently from polyamide 6.6 fabric.

Detection of Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection in Male Non-gonococcal Urethritis Patients by InPouch TV Culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective: To study the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection in Chinese male patients with nongonococcalurethritis (NGU), to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity ofurine-based and urethral swab polymerase chain reaction(PCR) detection, to set up a method for non-invasive detectionof male TV infection. Method: One hundred and five male NGU patients wereselected from a Beijing STD clinic. Two urethral swabs wereobtained from each patient, one for the InPouch TV culturesystem and the other for PCR. In addition, one first void urinespecimen was collected for PCR detection. Culture wasconsidered the 'gold standard'. The sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of the two PCR detections were compared to cultureresults. Results: The prevalence of urine-based PCR and urethralswab PCR detection was 3.81% (4/105) and 4.76% (5/105)respectively. Compared to culture, the sensitivity, specificity,PPV and NPV were 80%, 100%, 100% and 99% for urinbased PCR and 80%, 99%, 80% and 99% for urethral swab PCR. Conclusion: TV is one of the etiological agents in male NGU,with a 4.76% prevalence of infection in our study. The urine-based PCR detection has higher sensitivity and specificity andprovides a noninvasive method more feasible in practice.