肾宝组方及其拆方对慢性肝损伤大鼠肝脏功能及病理形态的影响

目的:考察肾宝组方及其拆方长期大剂量给药对慢性肝损伤大鼠肝脏功能及肝脏病理形态的影响,为有基础肝病或肝功能不全患者临床长期用药的安全性提供参考。方法:SD雄性大鼠共300只,随机分成正常对照组,模型组,肾宝片高、中、低剂量组,制何首乌高、低剂量组,淫羊藿高、低剂量组,补骨脂高、低剂量组,制何首乌+淫羊藿+补骨脂高、低剂量组,全方不含制何首乌+淫羊藿+补骨脂高、低剂量组,每组20只。正常对照组腹腔注射生理盐水,其余各组采用10%CCl4橄榄油灌胃,每周2次,共12周,制备慢性肝损伤模型。4周后,各组灌胃给予相应药物,正常组和模型组灌胃蒸馏水,每日1次,连续12周,停药恢复4周。给药期和恢复期观察各组大鼠一般状况,每周测定大鼠体重。在给药期结束和恢复期结束,各组分别检测肝功能生化指标、氧化应激水平和肝脏组织病理学检查。结果:与模型组相比,肾宝组方对CCl4慢性肝损伤大鼠的肝功能生化指标、肝组织氧化应激水平、组织病理形态学等均无加重现象,反而在给药12周后明显降低肝损伤大鼠的血清ALT、AST活性及肝脏MDA含量,同时明显增加SOD水平,且肝脏组织病理评分也较模型组有降低趋势。结论:肾宝处方组成中虽然含有肝毒性中药,但是全方组方合理,可以起到减轻肝毒性的作用,即使已有基础性肝病或肝功能不全患者长时间服用也不会增加肝脏毒性反应,表明其临床使用的安全可靠。

Pathomorphological changes after liver impact injury in rabbits

Objective: To investigate the histopathological changes in the liver and other organs after impact injury. Methods: The rabbits were impacted with a BIM IV biological impacting machine at the xiphoid process. The severity of liver injury was graded and scored through gross anatomy. At the same time, the pathological changes in the liver, heart, and lung were observed by light and electron microscopes. Results: Light microscopy showed that the pathological changes in the liver were: 1) loss of normal structure, hemorrhage and distortion of hepatic lobules; 2) cloudy swelling, degeneration, vacuolation and necrosis of liver cells; 3) infiltration of neutrophils. The lungs were injured and there were liver cell emboli in the small pulmonary arteries. Electron microscopy showed that the ultrastructure of the liver cells was severely damaged and the cells had significant features of necrosis. Conclusions: The major pathomorphological changes in the liver after impact injury are hemorrhage and necrosis. They may be complicated by exfoliation of liver cells to hepatic sinusoids. These cells circulate with the blood to form emboli in the pulmonary blood vessels.