AIM： To construct a noninvasive assessment model consisting of routine laboratory data to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. METHODS： A total of 137 consecutive ...AIM： To construct a noninvasive assessment model consisting of routine laboratory data to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. METHODS： A total of 137 consecutive patients with CriB who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups according to their aminotransferase （ALT） level. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value （PPV）, negative predictive value （NPV）, the likelihood ratio （LR） of aminotransferase/platelet ratio index （APRI） ≥ 1.5 or 〈 1.5 in combination with different hyaluronic acid （HA） cut-off points were calculated for the presence of moderate to severe fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 2 and 4） and no to mild fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 0 and 1）. RESULTS： The APRI correlated with fibrosis stage in CriB patients. The APRI ≥1.5 in combination with a cut-off HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL could detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients. The PPV was 93.7%, the specificity was 98.9%. The APRI 〈 1.5 in combination with different HA cut-off points could not detect no to mild fibrosis in CHB patients. CONCLUSION： The APRI ≥ 1.5 in combination with a HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL can detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients.展开更多
Objective To diagnose and explore the serological diagnostic factors for liver metastasis in patients with breast cancer before symptoms occur. Methods A total of 430 female in-patients with breast cancer of stages 0 ...Objective To diagnose and explore the serological diagnostic factors for liver metastasis in patients with breast cancer before symptoms occur. Methods A total of 430 female in-patients with breast cancer of stages 0 to IIIC who came to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2003 to January 2004 were studied and followed up until May 2011. Serum levels of biochemical markers for tumor and liver were measured at the time of diagnosis. Results Liver metastasis was more likely to occur in patients with stage Ill cancer or c-erbB-2-positive expression. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, ~/-glutamyltransferase （GGT）, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehvdrogenase （LDH）, and carbohydrate antigen 1153 （CA153） levels were significantly higher in patients with liver metastasis than those without liver metastasis. Diagnostic indices of LDH, GGT, and CA153 were 174 U/L, 32 U/L, and 26.48 Dg/L, respectively. The areas under the curves of LDH, GGT, and CEA were 0.795, 0.784, and 0.661, respectively, and sensitivities of parallel tests for LDH and CA153 and for GGT and CA153 were 88.6% and 85.7 %, respectively. The specificity of serial tests for both pairs of enzymes was 97.7%. Conclusions Tile sensitivity and specificity of combined tumor and biochemical markers could be used as indicators during screening for breast-liver metastasis.展开更多
The effects of rearing temperature on white muscle and hepatic phosphofructokinase （PFK）, pyruvate kinase （PK）, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT...The effects of rearing temperature on white muscle and hepatic phosphofructokinase （PFK）, pyruvate kinase （PK）, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） were examined in fingerlings of blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus. The experiment was conducted for 14 weeks at temperatures of 18, 22, 26, 30, and 34℃. The activity of the glycolytic enzymes PFK, PK, and LDH in white muscle increased significantly with increase in water temperature. A reverse trend was observed for these enzymes in the liver, except for LDH, which behaved in the same manner as in white muscle. Cytosolic AST and ALT activity increased in both white muscle and liver in response to warm thermal acclimatization, while a reduction in mitochondrial AST and ALT activity was noticed at high temperatures in comparison with those at a lower temperature.展开更多
There is a general consensus in re-interpreting the so-called liver function tests in the light of novel discoveries. At the same time, recent evidence favours the use of different laboratory data to assess liver dama...There is a general consensus in re-interpreting the so-called liver function tests in the light of novel discoveries. At the same time, recent evidence favours the use of different laboratory data to assess liver damage, fibrosis or regenerative process, but this point is not always shared. Actually, balancing the need for diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and therapy response of liver disease with a good cost/benefit ratio is very difficult. New tests are probably not needed but the aim should be for better utilization of existing tests to contain the increasing cost of health care.展开更多
Hepatic lipidosis is a common lesion in chelonians and may be related with vitellogenesis, hyperparathyroidism, follicular stasis, fatty diets or lacking nutrients, sedentary life and obesity, bacterial toxins in live...Hepatic lipidosis is a common lesion in chelonians and may be related with vitellogenesis, hyperparathyroidism, follicular stasis, fatty diets or lacking nutrients, sedentary life and obesity, bacterial toxins in liver and starvation. Clinical signs are unspecific. Routine biochemical tests don＇t have specificity and it is better defined through biopsy. The objective was evaluated the biochemical hepatic profile of red footed tortoises （Chelonoidis carbonaria） with the histopathological findings of lipidosis by laparoscopic biopsy. Samples of blood were collected for biochemistry of thirty-six animals from two different groups, twenty animals from a zoo and sixteen from a breeder. The animals were submitted to liver biopsy by videolaparoscopy. Three fragments were collected, two of them were processed by histology and one went to electron microscopy. Nineteen tortoises from the zoo had lipidosis in laparoscopy and macrovesicular degeneration. Fifteen tortoises from the breeder had microvesicular degeneration. The diagnosis of steatosis was confirmed by electron microscopy. There was no statistical difference of aspartate aminotransferase levels between the two groups; however there was significant difference of triglycerides levels. The enzymatic activity of transaminases is not related to the histological grading of lipidosis in tortoises, however triglycerides levels are higher in animals with more severe gradation.展开更多
Cyphostemma digitatum （Vitaceae） is a perennial, climbing, succulent undershrub with compound fleshy leaves and tendrils. The plant is used mainly as a food flavoring, but it is also a main constituent of traditiona...Cyphostemma digitatum （Vitaceae） is a perennial, climbing, succulent undershrub with compound fleshy leaves and tendrils. The plant is used mainly as a food flavoring, but it is also a main constituent of traditional Yemeni soup （Marak）. Besides that, it has been described to be used as a medicinal plant. The aim of this work was to study the hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of C. digitatum against CCl4-induced liver injury in Guinea pigs. Animals were divided into four groups. Group I, served as normal control. Group II received 2 mL CCl4/kg b.w. diluted with olive oil, at 1：1 ratio on day 11. Group III （test group） was pre-treated orally with 100 mg/kg b.w. aqueous leaves extract of C. digitatum for 10 days followed by subcutaneous injection of CC14 （2 mL/kg b.w.）, once on day 11. Group IV were orally given Liv-52 （100 mg/kg b.w.） once daily for 10 days followed by subcutaneous injection of CC14. Our results show that, the activity of serum hepatic enzymes （alanine aminotranferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotranferase （AST）, and alkaline phosphatase （ALP）） were significantly elevated in Guinea pigs treated with CCl4, while both the C. digitatum extract and Liv-52 reduced significantly these enzymes activity. Also, the levels of glucose, urea, cholesterol and triglycerides were decreased when compared with intoxicated control. Histopathological examination of intoxicated animals showed fatty changes, inflammation and necrosis indicating liver damage, while the animals received C. digitatum or Liv-52 showed less pathological effects or normal liver when compared to animals treated with CC14 alone. Biochemical and histological results confirm the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of C. digitatum.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanistic effects of Yajieshaba(YJSB) on enhanced liver detoxification.METHODS:The effects of YJSB on alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were assayed in five a...OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanistic effects of Yajieshaba(YJSB) on enhanced liver detoxification.METHODS:The effects of YJSB on alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were assayed in five acute chemical liver injury models[carbon tetrachloride(CCU),D-galactosamine(D-Glan),4-acetamidophenol(AAP),thioacetamide(TAA) and 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate(ANIT)].Sleep latency and sleep time of pentobarbital sodium were tested in control mice and CCL model miceafter oral YJSB administration.The effects of YJSB on drug metabolism enzymes of liver microsomes were tested in control rats and CCI_4model rats.The levels of cytochrome P450(CYP450) and Cyt b5 in liver microsomes were assayed using the method by Omura and Sato,and activities of erythromycin N-demethylase(ERD)and aminopyrine N-demethyl(ADM) were evaluated by Nash colorimetry.Probe substrate-based high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)methods were established for CYP3A4 and CYP1A2.RESULTS:The level of serum ALT was reduced by YJSB at 3.51 g/kg in the five models as follows:CCl_4 > D-Glan,AAP,ANIT > TAA.YJSB treatment did not reduce the level of serum AST.YJSB at 3.51 g/kg prolonged the sleep latency in control mice and shortened the sleep time of control mice and CCl_4 model mice.For control rats,YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increased the levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5 and induced the activities of ERD and ADM;for liver injuries induced by CCI_4 in rats,YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increasedthe levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5.These results suggest that YJSB at 2.43 g/kg induces CYP3A4 and CYP1A2.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that YJSB enhanced liver detoxification and the mechanisms may be partially related to CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 induction.展开更多
文摘AIM： To construct a noninvasive assessment model consisting of routine laboratory data to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B （CHB）. METHODS： A total of 137 consecutive patients with CriB who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups according to their aminotransferase （ALT） level. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value （PPV）, negative predictive value （NPV）, the likelihood ratio （LR） of aminotransferase/platelet ratio index （APRI） ≥ 1.5 or 〈 1.5 in combination with different hyaluronic acid （HA） cut-off points were calculated for the presence of moderate to severe fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 2 and 4） and no to mild fibrosis/cirrhosis （fibrosis stages 0 and 1）. RESULTS： The APRI correlated with fibrosis stage in CriB patients. The APRI ≥1.5 in combination with a cut-off HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL could detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients. The PPV was 93.7%, the specificity was 98.9%. The APRI 〈 1.5 in combination with different HA cut-off points could not detect no to mild fibrosis in CHB patients. CONCLUSION： The APRI ≥ 1.5 in combination with a HA cut-off point 〉 300 ng/mL can detect moderate to severe fibrosis （stages 2-4） in Crib patients.
文摘Objective To diagnose and explore the serological diagnostic factors for liver metastasis in patients with breast cancer before symptoms occur. Methods A total of 430 female in-patients with breast cancer of stages 0 to IIIC who came to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2003 to January 2004 were studied and followed up until May 2011. Serum levels of biochemical markers for tumor and liver were measured at the time of diagnosis. Results Liver metastasis was more likely to occur in patients with stage Ill cancer or c-erbB-2-positive expression. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, ~/-glutamyltransferase （GGT）, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehvdrogenase （LDH）, and carbohydrate antigen 1153 （CA153） levels were significantly higher in patients with liver metastasis than those without liver metastasis. Diagnostic indices of LDH, GGT, and CA153 were 174 U/L, 32 U/L, and 26.48 Dg/L, respectively. The areas under the curves of LDH, GGT, and CEA were 0.795, 0.784, and 0.661, respectively, and sensitivities of parallel tests for LDH and CA153 and for GGT and CA153 were 88.6% and 85.7 %, respectively. The specificity of serial tests for both pairs of enzymes was 97.7%. Conclusions Tile sensitivity and specificity of combined tumor and biochemical markers could be used as indicators during screening for breast-liver metastasis.
基金Supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University(Research Group Project No.RGP-VPP-304)
文摘The effects of rearing temperature on white muscle and hepatic phosphofructokinase （PFK）, pyruvate kinase （PK）, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） were examined in fingerlings of blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus. The experiment was conducted for 14 weeks at temperatures of 18, 22, 26, 30, and 34℃. The activity of the glycolytic enzymes PFK, PK, and LDH in white muscle increased significantly with increase in water temperature. A reverse trend was observed for these enzymes in the liver, except for LDH, which behaved in the same manner as in white muscle. Cytosolic AST and ALT activity increased in both white muscle and liver in response to warm thermal acclimatization, while a reduction in mitochondrial AST and ALT activity was noticed at high temperatures in comparison with those at a lower temperature.
文摘There is a general consensus in re-interpreting the so-called liver function tests in the light of novel discoveries. At the same time, recent evidence favours the use of different laboratory data to assess liver damage, fibrosis or regenerative process, but this point is not always shared. Actually, balancing the need for diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and therapy response of liver disease with a good cost/benefit ratio is very difficult. New tests are probably not needed but the aim should be for better utilization of existing tests to contain the increasing cost of health care.
文摘Hepatic lipidosis is a common lesion in chelonians and may be related with vitellogenesis, hyperparathyroidism, follicular stasis, fatty diets or lacking nutrients, sedentary life and obesity, bacterial toxins in liver and starvation. Clinical signs are unspecific. Routine biochemical tests don＇t have specificity and it is better defined through biopsy. The objective was evaluated the biochemical hepatic profile of red footed tortoises （Chelonoidis carbonaria） with the histopathological findings of lipidosis by laparoscopic biopsy. Samples of blood were collected for biochemistry of thirty-six animals from two different groups, twenty animals from a zoo and sixteen from a breeder. The animals were submitted to liver biopsy by videolaparoscopy. Three fragments were collected, two of them were processed by histology and one went to electron microscopy. Nineteen tortoises from the zoo had lipidosis in laparoscopy and macrovesicular degeneration. Fifteen tortoises from the breeder had microvesicular degeneration. The diagnosis of steatosis was confirmed by electron microscopy. There was no statistical difference of aspartate aminotransferase levels between the two groups; however there was significant difference of triglycerides levels. The enzymatic activity of transaminases is not related to the histological grading of lipidosis in tortoises, however triglycerides levels are higher in animals with more severe gradation.
文摘Cyphostemma digitatum （Vitaceae） is a perennial, climbing, succulent undershrub with compound fleshy leaves and tendrils. The plant is used mainly as a food flavoring, but it is also a main constituent of traditional Yemeni soup （Marak）. Besides that, it has been described to be used as a medicinal plant. The aim of this work was to study the hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of C. digitatum against CCl4-induced liver injury in Guinea pigs. Animals were divided into four groups. Group I, served as normal control. Group II received 2 mL CCl4/kg b.w. diluted with olive oil, at 1：1 ratio on day 11. Group III （test group） was pre-treated orally with 100 mg/kg b.w. aqueous leaves extract of C. digitatum for 10 days followed by subcutaneous injection of CC14 （2 mL/kg b.w.）, once on day 11. Group IV were orally given Liv-52 （100 mg/kg b.w.） once daily for 10 days followed by subcutaneous injection of CC14. Our results show that, the activity of serum hepatic enzymes （alanine aminotranferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotranferase （AST）, and alkaline phosphatase （ALP）） were significantly elevated in Guinea pigs treated with CCl4, while both the C. digitatum extract and Liv-52 reduced significantly these enzymes activity. Also, the levels of glucose, urea, cholesterol and triglycerides were decreased when compared with intoxicated control. Histopathological examination of intoxicated animals showed fatty changes, inflammation and necrosis indicating liver damage, while the animals received C. digitatum or Liv-52 showed less pathological effects or normal liver when compared to animals treated with CC14 alone. Biochemical and histological results confirm the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of C. digitatum.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Detoxification Mechanisms of Dai Medicine Ya-Jie-Sha-Ba In Food Poisoning and Drug Toxicity,No.81160555)Key Project of Science Foundation by the Department of Education,Yunnan Province,China(Detoxification Mechanisms of Dai Medicine Ya-Jie-Sha-Ba,No.ZD201008)12th Five-year Key Construction Discipline of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine"Dai Pharmacy"
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanistic effects of Yajieshaba(YJSB) on enhanced liver detoxification.METHODS:The effects of YJSB on alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were assayed in five acute chemical liver injury models[carbon tetrachloride(CCU),D-galactosamine(D-Glan),4-acetamidophenol(AAP),thioacetamide(TAA) and 1-naphthyl isothiocyanate(ANIT)].Sleep latency and sleep time of pentobarbital sodium were tested in control mice and CCL model miceafter oral YJSB administration.The effects of YJSB on drug metabolism enzymes of liver microsomes were tested in control rats and CCI_4model rats.The levels of cytochrome P450(CYP450) and Cyt b5 in liver microsomes were assayed using the method by Omura and Sato,and activities of erythromycin N-demethylase(ERD)and aminopyrine N-demethyl(ADM) were evaluated by Nash colorimetry.Probe substrate-based high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)methods were established for CYP3A4 and CYP1A2.RESULTS:The level of serum ALT was reduced by YJSB at 3.51 g/kg in the five models as follows:CCl_4 > D-Glan,AAP,ANIT > TAA.YJSB treatment did not reduce the level of serum AST.YJSB at 3.51 g/kg prolonged the sleep latency in control mice and shortened the sleep time of control mice and CCl_4 model mice.For control rats,YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increased the levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5 and induced the activities of ERD and ADM;for liver injuries induced by CCI_4 in rats,YJSB at 2.43 g/kg increasedthe levels of CYP450 and Cyt b5.These results suggest that YJSB at 2.43 g/kg induces CYP3A4 and CYP1A2.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that YJSB enhanced liver detoxification and the mechanisms may be partially related to CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 induction.
