老年人无症状原发性肝癌17例

原发性肝癌(以下简称肝癌)是我国常见恶性肿瘤之一，近年来其发病率有增高趋势，且发病年龄趋于年轻，其死亡率仅次于肺癌居第二位，严重危害人类的健康和生命。肝癌的常见症状主要为肝区疼痛、乏力、纳差、消瘦等，但在临床诊治过程中，早期肝癌常无症状，不易发现。

Effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization on angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

AIM： To evaluate the effects of four types of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） on angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） ceils. METHODS： A total of 136 patients with HCC underwent liver resection. One to five courses of TACE prior to liver resection were performed in 79 patients （TACE group）, in which one to four courses of chemotherapy alone were performed in 11 patients （group A）; one to five courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil were performed in 33 patients （group B）; one to three courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil and gelatin sponge were performed in 23 patients （group C）, one to three courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil, ethanol and gelatin sponge were performed in 12 patients （group D）. The other 57 patients only received liver resection （non-TACE group）. The microvessels were marked by CD31. The expression of CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） protein were detected by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS： The mean microvessel density （MVD） in HCC cells was significantly higher in groups A, B, C and D than in the nonACE group （P 〈 0.05）. The expression of VEGF protein in HCC cells were significantly higher in groups A, B, C and D than in the non-TACE group （P 〈 0.05）. MVD and the expression of VEGF protein were positively correlated. Mean MVD and the expression of VEGF protein were closely related to the number of courses of TACE and the interval of TACE. CONCLUSION： Four different types of preoperative TACE regimens enhanced angiogenesis in HCC cells by up-regulating the expression of VEGF protein. It is necessary to repress angiogenesis of liver cancer after TACE.

Role of transcatheter arterial embolization for massive bleeding from gastroduodenal ulcers

Intractable bleeding from gastric and duodenal ulcers is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Aggressive treatment with early endoscopic hemostasis is essential for a favourable outcome. In as many as 12%-17% of patients,endoscopy is either not available or unsuccessful. Endovascular therapy with selective catheterization of the culprit vessel and injection of embolic material has emerged as an alternative to emergent operative intervention in high-risk patients. There has not been a systematic literature review to assess the role for embolotherapy in the treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding from gastroduo-denal ulcers after failed endoscopic hemostasis. Here,we present an overview of indications,techniques,and clinical outcomes after endovascular embolization of acute peptic-ulcer bleeding. Topics of particular relevance to technical and clinical success are also discussed. Our review shows that transcatheter arterial embolization is a safe alternative to surgery for massive gastroduodenal bleeding that is refractory to endoscopic treatment,can be performed with high technical and clinical success rates,and should be considered the salvage treatment of choice in patients at high surgical risk.

负载肝癌抗原的树突状细胞治疗肝癌的研究现状

原发性肝癌（primary hepaitc carcinoma，PHC）是我国常见的肿瘤之一，其恶性程度高，疗效差，全球每年约有25万人死于此病，其中约45％发生在中国。目前对于原发性肝癌的治疗手段主要有外科切除、肝血管栓塞化疗、无水酒精注射治疗、射频治疗、生物反应修饰剂的治疗及化疗等多种方法，而临床上主要采取以手术为主，辅以其它方法的综合治疗措施，虽然取得了较大的进步，但5年生存率及病人的生存质量仍不尽人意。