超声影像学诊断肝脏血管畸形

目的:总结各种肝脏血管畸形的主要超声影像学特点,提高肝脏血管畸形的超声诊断率。方法:回顾性分析18例先天性肝脏血管畸形和肝移植术后血管畸形的临床就诊原因及其超声诊断契机与模式,对其中6例典型病例进行详细分析,观察各种肝脏血管畸形的主要超声影像学特点,总结超声诊断经验。结果:本组病例包括了肝血管畸形的主要类型,如先天性门静脉闭锁、动静脉瘘、门体静脉瘘、门静脉海绵样变、门静脉瘤等,其中门静脉闭锁、肝动脉-肝静脉-门静脉共同参与形成的复合型瘘报道甚少。彩色多普勒超声是一线的发现和诊断手段,造影超声因能显示血流时相而对发现动静脉瘘具有高度的敏感性和特异性。结论:多普勒超声和造影超声检查的普及提高了肝脏血管畸形的发现和诊断率,但必须依赖于科学的诊断模式和严谨的诊断思维。

Percutaneous transarterial embolization of extrahepatic arteroportal fistula

Arteroportal fistula is a rare cause of prehepatic portal hypertension. A 44-year-old male with hepatitis virus C infection was admitted for acute variceal bleeding. Endoscopy showed the presence of large esophageal varices. The ultrasound revealed a mass near the head of pancreas, which was characterized at the color- Doppler by a turbulent flow, and arterialization of portal vein flow. CT scan of abdomen showed a large aneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery communicating into the superior mesenteric vein. The sinusoidal portal pressure measured as hepatic vein pressure gradient was normal, confirming the pre-hepatic origin of portal hypertension. The diagnosis of extrahepatic portal hypertension secondary to arteroportal fistula was established, and the percutaneous embolization was performed. Three months later, the endoscopy showed absence of esophageal varices and ascites. At the moment, the patient is in good clinical condition, without signs of portal hypertension.

Mesenteric Ischemia:An unusual presentation of fistula between superior mesenteric artery and common hepatic artery

Chronic mesenteric ischemia is an uncommon condition associated with a high morbidity and mortality.We reported a 36-year old women with postprandial abdominal pain due to chronic mesenteric ischemia caused by a fistula between superior mesenteric and common hepatic artery.