腹部开放伤后海水浸泡对大鼠肠屏障和传输功能的影响

目的:探讨大鼠腹部开放伤后海水浸泡对肠屏障和传输功能的影响,为研究肠道损伤及其保护提供依据。方法:建立腹部开放伤合并海水浸泡大鼠模型,测定血二胺氧化酶(DAO)、D-乳酸、内毒素(LPS)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量;测定肠内容物SIgA及血IgA含量;测定小肠蠕动速率变化;观察小肠组织病理变化。结果:腹部开放伤后海水浸泡大鼠血DAO、D-乳酸、LPS、TNF-α含量较正常对照组均显著升高(P<0.01);肠内容物SIgA、血IgA含量较正常对照组显著下降(P<0.01);小肠蠕动速率显著下降(P<0.01);小肠黏膜病理损伤显著。结论:腹部开放伤后海水浸泡可致大鼠肠屏障和传输功能受损,成为伤后肠源性感染及多脏器功能障碍综合征发生的原因之一。

便秘的肛门直肠动力和血浆活性肠肽变化的研究

目的:观察慢性便秘各型的肛门直肠动力学和感觉功能的变化,测定血浆中血管活性肠肽(VIP)的变化。方法:用肛门直肠测压的方法测定直肠肛门动力及感觉功能;用放免法检测血浆中VIP的含量。结果:传输时间正常型便秘组的肛管静息压降低(P<0.05);传输时间延长型便秘组肛管静息压降低,直肠最大耐受容积增大(P<0.05);便秘各型血浆中VIP均升高(P<0.05)。结论:不同类型的便秘存在不同的结肠、肛门直肠动力学改变和内脏感觉异常。血浆VIP水平升高在慢性便秘的发病机制中可能起作用。

Effect of erythromycin on image quality and transit time of capsule endoscopy: A two-center study

AIM: To compare the effect of oral erythromycin vs no preparation with prokinetics on the transit time and the image quality of capsule endoscopy (CE) in evaluating small bowel (SB) pathology. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, blinded (to the type of preparation) review of 100 CE studies, 50 with no preparation with prokinetics from one medical center (Group A) and 50 from another center with administration of a single dose of 200 mg oral erythromycin 1 h prior to CE (Group B). Gastric, SB and total transit times were calculated, the presence of bile in the duodenum was scored, as was cleanliness within the proximal, middle and distal intestine. RESULTS: The erythromycin group had a slightly shorter gastric transit time (21 min vs 28 min, with no statistical significance). SB transit time was similar for both groups (all P > 0.05). Total transit time was almost identical in both groups. The rate of incomplete examination was 16% for Group A and 10% for Group B (P = 0.37). Bile and cleanliness scores in different parts of the intestine were similar for the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Preparation for capsule endoscopy with erythromycin does not affect SB or total transit time. It tends to reduce gastric transit time, but it does not increase the cecum-reaching rate. Erythromycin does not adversely affect image quality. We consider the routine use of oral erythromycin preparation as being unjustified, although it might be considered in patients with known prolonged gastric emptying time.

Increasing Success Probability of a Probabilistic Quantum Teleportation

The probabilistic quantum teleportation scheme [Phys. Lett. A 305 （2002） 12] is improved via two seemingly different methods （i.e., the usual aneilla method and the so-called Kraus method）, respectively. The essence of the improvements is to fetch a part from the residues so that the success probability is accordingly increased. The two improved versions and a similar protocol proposed by Li et al. [Phys. Rev. A 61 （2000） 034301] are compared mutually and discussed. It is found that they are equally efficient and can reach the success probability threshold determined by the inherent entanglement of the quantum channel.

Proteomic analysis of down-regulated proteins in colonic mucosa of chronic slow transit constipation rats

Objective： To investigate the alternations of proteins in the colonic mucosa of chronic slow transit constipation （STC） rats with a 2-DE-based proteomic method and analyze the function of these down-regulated proteins so as to provide theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of intestinal mucosa of chronic STC rats. Methods： STC model was established by feeding rats with 8 mg/（kg＇d） diphenoxylate for 120 d. An experimental model of chronic STC rat was used for separation of proteomics from colonic mucosa using two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE）. Proteins altered in expressional level were identified by Image Master 2DElite, mass spectrometry, and bibliometrics were applied to identify the differential protein expression and their clinical s observed in the pathogenesis lgn of ificance and function were analyzed. Results： Obvious differential protein expression was STC, including mast cell protease （A1）, non-specific dipeptidase （A2） and chondrosome succinate dehydrogenase precursor （A3）. The expressions of A1, A2 and A3 were down-regulated in the gel graph of STC rats Conclusion： The down-regulation of chondrosome succinate dehydrogenase, mast cell protease as well as non-specific dipeptidase in rat colon suggests the functional impairment of the oxidoreduction of mitochondrion is very important in the genesis and development of STC. The immunological reaction of STC rats is weakened, and the function of digesting and absorbing protein may be damaged to some extent.

Two Approaches for Indirect Teleportation with Partially Entangled States

Teleportation of a qubit with two partially entangled qubit states linking three nodes as quantum channels is extensively studied via the usual ancilla method. With the method two realization approaches, i.e., the node progression approach and the global accumulation approach, are presented. Their resource consumptions, operation complexities, and el^ciencies axe evaluated and compared. It is found that the latter approach is better than the former one besides the error is partially self-corrected. The latter approach is further improved so that two merits are resultant. The improved version is compared with a similar protocol [M.Y. Wang and F.L. Yah, Eur. Phys. J. D 54 （2009） 111]. Their merits and additional costs are exposed.

Study on efficacy and safety of acupuncture for treatment of functional constipation

Objective To explore clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture in treatment of functional constipation.Methods One hundred and twenty cases were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,60 cases in each group.The patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture at Tiānshū（天枢 ST 25）,Shàngjùxū（上巨虚 ST 37）,Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36）,Dàchángshū（大肠俞 BL 25）,etc.,and the control group was treated with oral administration of Macrogol 4000 and Mosapride.Defecation frequency,stool property,constipation symptom score,accompanying symptom score,gastrointestinal transit time and adverse reaction were observed before treatment,at the end of treatment and 4 weeks after treatment in the two groups.Results Compared with those before treatment,defecation frequency was increased significantly at the end of treatment in the two groups,while stool property,constipation symptom score,accompanying syndrome score and gastrointestinal transit time all were decreased significantly（all P0.01）,with no significant difference in these indexes between the two groups at the end of treatment （all P0.05）.Compared with the end of treatment,the above-mentioned indexes did not significantly recur in the observation group 4 weeks after the treatment （all P0.05）,but the therapeutic effects were unstable with decreased to some extent in the control group （all P0.05）.No serious adverse reaction was found in the two groups.Conclusion In the patients with functional constipation,acupuncture can significantly increase defecation frequency,change stool property,alleviate constipation and accompanying symptoms,and shorten gastrointestinal transit time with better safety and tolerance,and the therapeutic effect is more stable than that of Macrogol 4000 and Mosapride.

Outcomes and prognostic factors of fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with slow transit constipation:results from a prospective study with long-term follow-up

Background and aim:Gutmicrobiotamay contribute to regulate colonicmotility,which is involved in the etiology of constipation.Fecalmicrobiota transplantation(FMT)has been demonstrated to restore intestinal homeostasis.The aimof this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of FMT for the treatment of slow transit constipation(STC).Methods:Fifty-two patients with STC received standardized FMT and were followed up for 6 months.Bowel habit,colonic transit time,constipation-related symptoms(PAC-SYM score),quality of life(PAC-QOL score),treatment satisfaction scores and adverse events were monitored.The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients having on average three or more complete spontaneous bowel movements(CSBMs)per week.Results:The primary efficacy endpoint was achieved in 50.0%,38.5%and 32.7%of patients over week intervals 3–4,9–12 and 21–24,respectively(P<0.01 for all comparisons).Significant improvements were also observed in other bowel movement assessments,colonic transit time,constipation-related symptoms and quality of life;but all improvements diminished at weeks 12 and 24.Incompleteness of evacuation served as the only factor associated with efficacy.No serious treatmentrelated adverse events were observed.Conclusion:This study suggested FMT was effective and safe for STC,while a late loss of efficacy was also observed.A lower degree of sensation of incompleteness predicted a better outcome.