Objective This study aimed to develop a type of Ganoderma lucidum(G.lucidum)-probiotic fermentation broth that can effectively improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function of mice with ceftriaxone-induced intestina...Objective This study aimed to develop a type of Ganoderma lucidum(G.lucidum)-probiotic fermentation broth that can effectively improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function of mice with ceftriaxone-induced intestinal dysbiosis.Methods By means of absorbance of optical density(OD)value and phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid measurement of polysaccharide content,the probiotic species can grow on the medium of G.lucidum were screened out,and the concentration of the medium of G.lucidum was determined,and the fermentation broth was prepared for subsequent experiments.Thirty-two SPF grade male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups(eight mice in each group),namely control group(CON),intestinal mucosal barrier damage model group(CS),fermentation broth intervention group(FT)and G.lucidum medium intervention group(GL),respectively.The intestinal dysregulation model was induced by intra-gastric administration of 0.2 mL ceftriaxone sodium(twice a day for seven consecutive days).From day 8,the FT group and GL group were gavage with 0.2 mL fermentation broth and G.lucidum medium,respectively.On day 15,all mice were sacrificed.To draw the weight curve and measure the cecal index;pathological examination of colon tissues with HE staining;serum levels of LPS,IL-10,TNF and IL-6 were detected by ELISA.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells and macrophages in spleen.16S rRNA sequencing was performed to detect the intestinal microbiota structure of mice.Results Bacillus subtilis can decompose and utilize G.lucidum fruiting body medium,and the suitable concentration of G.lucidum fruiting body medium is 33.2 mg/mL.The effect of Bacillus subtilis-G.lucidum fermentation broth on the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier caused by ceftriaxone sodium was reduced,the body weight of mice recovered and colon swelling improved,colon histopathological injury was alleviated,inflammatory cell infiltration was alleviated,serum IL-10 increased significantly,LPS、TNF-αand IL-6 decreased significantly compared with model group,and the proportion of T cells and intestinal dysbiosis was improved.Conclusions The experimental results suggest that Bacillus subtilis-G.lucidum fermentation broth can effectively improve the intestinal barrier function damage,immune dysfunction and intestinal dysbiosis caused by antibiotic overdose,and has a certain regulatory effect on intestinal mucosal barrier function.展开更多
Objective： The association between gut microbiota composition and biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation was assessed in the elderly. Patients： Serum inflammation markers of fifty-five outpatients （29 fem...Objective： The association between gut microbiota composition and biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation was assessed in the elderly. Patients： Serum inflammation markers of fifty-five outpatients （29 females, 26 males, aged 78 ＋ 8.5 years） were analyzed. Stool specimens and thus data on gut microbiota were available from a subgroup of 23 individuals （9 females and 14 males）. Results： Global cerebral atrophy was found in all magnet resonance tomography scans. Mean mini-mental-score examination in Alzheimer＇s disease patients was 18.8 ± 7.1, in patients with mild cognitive impairment 27.8 ± 1.5. Serum neopterin concentrations correlated with concentrations of fecal S100A12 （p 〈 0.001） and cq-antitrypsin （p 〈 0.05）. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii correlated with MMSE （p 〈 0.05）, with Akkermansia muciniphila （p 〈 0.01） and with serum neopterin （p 〈 0.05）. Fecal zonulin correlated inversely with Clostridium cluster I （p 〈 0.02）. Conclusions： Our results underline earlier in vitro and animal studies that cognitive decline associates with age-related changes in the intestinal microbiota and neuroinflammation. However, only correlational evidence can be reported, and a causative relationship still has to be demonstrated.展开更多
文摘为研究日粮中添加蜂毒素对青年鹌鹑生长性能、抗氧化功能、肠道机械屏障功能及肠道菌群结构与功能的影响,试验将120只30日龄雄性白沙维鹌鹑适应性饲养7 d后,采用单因素完全随机设计均分为2组(对照组和蜂毒素组),对照组仅饲喂基础日粮,蜂毒素组饲喂添加蜂毒素(0.12 g/kg)的试验日粮,每组4个重复,每个重复15只,试验期为15 d。试验第1天和试验结束后进行称重,每天记录采食量,计算平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比;试验结束后每组各重复中随机选取1只鹌鹑进行心脏采血,收集血清,检测超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)质量浓度,以及丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)浓度;采血后处死鹌鹑,采集十二指肠、空肠和回肠组织进行小肠组织形态结构参数(绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值)的测定;采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)方法检测空肠机械屏障基因[黏蛋白-2(Mucin-2)、闭合小环蛋白-1(ZO-1)、闭锁蛋白(Occludin)、闭合蛋白-1(Claudin-1)基因]的相对表达量;取盲肠内容物进行菌群16S rDNA基因测序,分析盲肠菌群α多样性(ACE、Chao、Shannon和Simpson指数)和菌群结构与分布情况,并对元基因组进行功能基于直系同源簇(Cluster of Orthologous Groups,COG)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)数据库对菌群功能进行预测。结果表明:与对照组比较,蜂毒素组平均日采食量显著增加(P<0.05),平均日增重和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05);血清SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),MDA浓度显著降低(P<0.05),GSH-Px活性差异不显著(P>0.05);空肠绒毛高度、十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著升高(P<0.05),十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),其他形态结构参数差异不显著(P>0.05);Mucin-2、ZO-1、Occludin和Claudin-1基因相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。两组盲肠菌群ACE、Chao、Shannon和Simpson指数均差异不显著(P>0.05)。在门水平上,两组盲肠菌群组成排名前5位的优势菌群均为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门和糖化菌门;与对照组相比,蜂毒素组盲肠中拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门相对丰度分别提高14.13,3.54百分点,放线菌门、变形菌门和糖化菌门相对丰度分别降低16.14,0.59,1.13百分点。在属水平上,对照组和蜂毒素组盲肠菌群组成排名前5位的优势菌群均为拟杆菌属、欧陆森氏菌属、拟杆菌科未分类菌属、瘤胃球菌属组、毛螺菌科未分类菌属。与对照组相比,蜂毒素组盲肠中欧陆森氏菌属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。在COG功能预测中,与对照组相比,蜂毒素组复制、重组和修复通路中富集的基因相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05);在KEGG功能预测中,与对照组相比,蜂毒素组C5支链二元酸代谢、二组分系统、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成、矿物质吸收、错配修复、卟啉与叶绿素代谢、转录相关蛋白、碱基切除修复通路中富集的基因相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),核苷酸切除修复、甘油磷脂代谢、布替罗星和新霉素生物合成、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、花生四烯酸代谢通路中富集的基因相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。说明日粮中添加蜂毒素可以提高青年鹌鹑的抗氧化功能、肠道屏障功能和小肠吸收能力,增加鹌鹑肠道有益菌和降低条件致病菌的相对丰度,但对其生长性能的影响不明显。
基金We thank for the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31900920)the Nutrition and Care of Maternal&Child Research Fund Project of Guangzhou Biostime Institute of Nutrition&Care(No.2019BINCMCF02)the Liaoning Provincial Program for Top Discipline of Basic Medical Sciences,China.
文摘Objective This study aimed to develop a type of Ganoderma lucidum(G.lucidum)-probiotic fermentation broth that can effectively improve the intestinal mucosal barrier function of mice with ceftriaxone-induced intestinal dysbiosis.Methods By means of absorbance of optical density(OD)value and phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid measurement of polysaccharide content,the probiotic species can grow on the medium of G.lucidum were screened out,and the concentration of the medium of G.lucidum was determined,and the fermentation broth was prepared for subsequent experiments.Thirty-two SPF grade male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups(eight mice in each group),namely control group(CON),intestinal mucosal barrier damage model group(CS),fermentation broth intervention group(FT)and G.lucidum medium intervention group(GL),respectively.The intestinal dysregulation model was induced by intra-gastric administration of 0.2 mL ceftriaxone sodium(twice a day for seven consecutive days).From day 8,the FT group and GL group were gavage with 0.2 mL fermentation broth and G.lucidum medium,respectively.On day 15,all mice were sacrificed.To draw the weight curve and measure the cecal index;pathological examination of colon tissues with HE staining;serum levels of LPS,IL-10,TNF and IL-6 were detected by ELISA.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of CD3+T cells,CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells and macrophages in spleen.16S rRNA sequencing was performed to detect the intestinal microbiota structure of mice.Results Bacillus subtilis can decompose and utilize G.lucidum fruiting body medium,and the suitable concentration of G.lucidum fruiting body medium is 33.2 mg/mL.The effect of Bacillus subtilis-G.lucidum fermentation broth on the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier caused by ceftriaxone sodium was reduced,the body weight of mice recovered and colon swelling improved,colon histopathological injury was alleviated,inflammatory cell infiltration was alleviated,serum IL-10 increased significantly,LPS、TNF-αand IL-6 decreased significantly compared with model group,and the proportion of T cells and intestinal dysbiosis was improved.Conclusions The experimental results suggest that Bacillus subtilis-G.lucidum fermentation broth can effectively improve the intestinal barrier function damage,immune dysfunction and intestinal dysbiosis caused by antibiotic overdose,and has a certain regulatory effect on intestinal mucosal barrier function.
文摘Objective： The association between gut microbiota composition and biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation was assessed in the elderly. Patients： Serum inflammation markers of fifty-five outpatients （29 females, 26 males, aged 78 ＋ 8.5 years） were analyzed. Stool specimens and thus data on gut microbiota were available from a subgroup of 23 individuals （9 females and 14 males）. Results： Global cerebral atrophy was found in all magnet resonance tomography scans. Mean mini-mental-score examination in Alzheimer＇s disease patients was 18.8 ± 7.1, in patients with mild cognitive impairment 27.8 ± 1.5. Serum neopterin concentrations correlated with concentrations of fecal S100A12 （p 〈 0.001） and cq-antitrypsin （p 〈 0.05）. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii correlated with MMSE （p 〈 0.05）, with Akkermansia muciniphila （p 〈 0.01） and with serum neopterin （p 〈 0.05）. Fecal zonulin correlated inversely with Clostridium cluster I （p 〈 0.02）. Conclusions： Our results underline earlier in vitro and animal studies that cognitive decline associates with age-related changes in the intestinal microbiota and neuroinflammation. However, only correlational evidence can be reported, and a causative relationship still has to be demonstrated.
