Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model, the “lytic circle' method was used to determine plasma levels of r SAK. Methods: Thirty New Zealand rabb...Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model, the “lytic circle' method was used to determine plasma levels of r SAK. Methods: Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to the control (saline 10 ml, 30 min), r SAK low dose (0.25 mg/kg, 30 min), medial dose (0.50 mg/kg, 30 min), high dose (1.00 mg/kg, 30 min), single bolus (0.50 mg/kg, 2 min) and conjunctive therapy (initiated with heparin 200 U/kg, followed by infusion of r SAK 0.50 mg/kg for 30 min, and subsequently infused heparin 50 U/(kg·h) to endpoint) groups. The right femoral artery thrombosis model in rabbit was made by balloon injury, then the thrombolytic agents were infused through parallel ear vein and the blood samples were collected pre thrombolysis and at different time post thrombolysis to determine the plasma levels of r SAK by “lytic circle' method, the plasma levels of r SAK were processed by pharmacokinetic computing procedure to fit the model. Results: The plasma levels of r SAK and the diameters of lytic circles showed a pretty good linear correlation under the scope of 2.0×10 4 2.0×10 6 U/L, and the averaged recycle rate was (96.05±11.35)%(RSD =±11.82%).All peak concentration time in each infusion group was 30 min, and the peak concentrations positively correlated with the doses administrated in infusion groups(r=0.999 98, P <0.000 1). In single bolus group, Peak concentration time was 2 min, and the peak concentration reached (5.16±1.02) mg/L, which was significant higher than that in the same dose r SAK infusion group ( P <0.01). In conjunctive therapy group, the peak concentration showed no significant difference from that in the same dose r SAK infusion group ( P >0.05). The plasma levels of r SAK fit in two compartment model as processed by pharmacokinetic computing procedure in each group. Conclusion: The “lytic circle' method is a simple, practical and reliable method to determine the plasma level of r SAK, and the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK infusion fits in two compartment model in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model.展开更多
[目的]观察四妙勇安汤、黄芪注射液、湿润烧伤膏联合西药治疗糖尿病坏疽疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将140例住院患者按掷骰子法简单随机分为两组。对照组70例胰岛素联合口服降糖药控制血糖、合理饮食、抗生素抗感染;创面使用湿...[目的]观察四妙勇安汤、黄芪注射液、湿润烧伤膏联合西药治疗糖尿病坏疽疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将140例住院患者按掷骰子法简单随机分为两组。对照组70例胰岛素联合口服降糖药控制血糖、合理饮食、抗生素抗感染;创面使用湿润烧伤膏,涂擦,3次/d。治疗组70例四妙勇安汤(金银花、黄芩、连翘、紫草、栀子各20g,甘草、当归、黄柏、苍术、防己、赤芍各15g,牛膝、红花、玄参、木通各10g),1剂/d,水煎400m L,早晚口服,200m L/次;黄芪注射液+250m L 0.9%生理盐水,静滴;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗90d为1疗程。观测临床症状、动脉血流量(股动脉、腘动脉、足背动脉)、不良反应。治疗1疗程,判定疗效。[结果]治疗组痊愈37例,显效25例,有效6例,无效2例,总有效率97.14%。对照组痊愈18例,显效13例,有效17例,无效11例,总有效率84.29%。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.01)。动脉血流量两组大部分有改善(P<0.05),足背动脉对照组无改善(P>0.05),治疗组改善优于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]四妙勇安汤、黄芪注射液、湿润烧伤膏联合西药治疗糖尿病坏疽疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。展开更多
Objective ：To retrospectively compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection （UGTI） with ultrasound-guided compression repair （UGCR） in patients with postcatheterizational femoral arteria...Objective ：To retrospectively compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection （UGTI） with ultrasound-guided compression repair （UGCR） in patients with postcatheterizational femoral arterial pseudoaneurysms （PSA）. Methods： Thirty patients of this iatrogenic PSA [8 males, 22 females, average age （66.5±5.2） years] in our institution from 1997 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 11 patients were treated with UGCR, 2 under continuous uhrasonographic （US） guidance and 9 under the guidance of femoral arterial bruit auscultation and dorsalis pedis artery palpation. Because UGCR was failed in 5 patients, consecutively 24 patients were treated with UGTI. Swine thrombin solution at a concentration of 200 U/ml was injected percutaneously using 22-25 gauge needles under color Doppler US. Demographics, clinical variables, pseudoaneurysm characteristics, and results of the 2 groups were compared by using Fisher＇s exact test and Student＇s t test. Results： The initial success rate of UGCR was 36.4% （4/11） and the overall success rate was 45.5% （5/11）. Tenor 11 patients suffered from local pain during the compression, but there was no any complication in UGTI group. The av- erage dose of injected thrombin was （180±82） U for PSA of a single loculus and （315±150） U for multi- loculated PSA. The initial success rate of UGTI was 89.5% （17/19） and the overall success rate was 100% （24/24）. Conclusion：UGTI offers a safe, quick and effective means of definitively treating femoral pseudoaneurysms and seems superior to UGCR. The amount of thrombin applied on our people seems smaller compared with others＇ work.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum and the special 30 degree head-down tilt position on the venous hemodynamics in the lower extremity. Methods: Color doplex ultrasound was adopted to evaluate the ...Objective: To study the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum and the special 30 degree head-down tilt position on the venous hemodynamics in the lower extremity. Methods: Color doplex ultrasound was adopted to evaluate the diameter and blood flow velocity of the right femoral vein of 18 patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy under the same pressure of pneumoperitoneum of 12 mmHg. The diameter of femoral vein and the flow velocity were measured; the blood flow volume was calculated based on the equation of Q = vπr2 . Result: After establishment of pneumoperitoneum, the dilation of the femoral vein and the decrease in the velocity and volume can be observed (P < 0.05). And the 30 degree head-down position could increase the flow velocity and volume of the femoral vein and decrease the diameter of the vessel ( P < 0.05). At 30 minutes of the 30 degree head-down tilt position, the blood flow ameliorated compared with that in prone position after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum. After deflation of pneumoperitoneum, the femoral vein remained dilated( P < 0. 05). Conclusion: During laparoscopy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum may result in the dilation of the vein in lower extremity and retar dance of blood flow. The 30 degree Trendlenburg position can ameliorate the blood flow in the lower extremity. The deflation of the pneumoperitoneum cannot eliminate the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the lower extremity veins, which may predispose deep venous thrombosis after laparoscopy.展开更多
文摘Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model, the “lytic circle' method was used to determine plasma levels of r SAK. Methods: Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to the control (saline 10 ml, 30 min), r SAK low dose (0.25 mg/kg, 30 min), medial dose (0.50 mg/kg, 30 min), high dose (1.00 mg/kg, 30 min), single bolus (0.50 mg/kg, 2 min) and conjunctive therapy (initiated with heparin 200 U/kg, followed by infusion of r SAK 0.50 mg/kg for 30 min, and subsequently infused heparin 50 U/(kg·h) to endpoint) groups. The right femoral artery thrombosis model in rabbit was made by balloon injury, then the thrombolytic agents were infused through parallel ear vein and the blood samples were collected pre thrombolysis and at different time post thrombolysis to determine the plasma levels of r SAK by “lytic circle' method, the plasma levels of r SAK were processed by pharmacokinetic computing procedure to fit the model. Results: The plasma levels of r SAK and the diameters of lytic circles showed a pretty good linear correlation under the scope of 2.0×10 4 2.0×10 6 U/L, and the averaged recycle rate was (96.05±11.35)%(RSD =±11.82%).All peak concentration time in each infusion group was 30 min, and the peak concentrations positively correlated with the doses administrated in infusion groups(r=0.999 98, P <0.000 1). In single bolus group, Peak concentration time was 2 min, and the peak concentration reached (5.16±1.02) mg/L, which was significant higher than that in the same dose r SAK infusion group ( P <0.01). In conjunctive therapy group, the peak concentration showed no significant difference from that in the same dose r SAK infusion group ( P >0.05). The plasma levels of r SAK fit in two compartment model as processed by pharmacokinetic computing procedure in each group. Conclusion: The “lytic circle' method is a simple, practical and reliable method to determine the plasma level of r SAK, and the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK infusion fits in two compartment model in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model.
文摘[目的]观察四妙勇安汤、黄芪注射液、湿润烧伤膏联合西药治疗糖尿病坏疽疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将140例住院患者按掷骰子法简单随机分为两组。对照组70例胰岛素联合口服降糖药控制血糖、合理饮食、抗生素抗感染;创面使用湿润烧伤膏,涂擦,3次/d。治疗组70例四妙勇安汤(金银花、黄芩、连翘、紫草、栀子各20g,甘草、当归、黄柏、苍术、防己、赤芍各15g,牛膝、红花、玄参、木通各10g),1剂/d,水煎400m L,早晚口服,200m L/次;黄芪注射液+250m L 0.9%生理盐水,静滴;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗90d为1疗程。观测临床症状、动脉血流量(股动脉、腘动脉、足背动脉)、不良反应。治疗1疗程,判定疗效。[结果]治疗组痊愈37例,显效25例,有效6例,无效2例,总有效率97.14%。对照组痊愈18例,显效13例,有效17例,无效11例,总有效率84.29%。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.01)。动脉血流量两组大部分有改善(P<0.05),足背动脉对照组无改善(P>0.05),治疗组改善优于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]四妙勇安汤、黄芪注射液、湿润烧伤膏联合西药治疗糖尿病坏疽疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。
文摘Objective ：To retrospectively compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection （UGTI） with ultrasound-guided compression repair （UGCR） in patients with postcatheterizational femoral arterial pseudoaneurysms （PSA）. Methods： Thirty patients of this iatrogenic PSA [8 males, 22 females, average age （66.5±5.2） years] in our institution from 1997 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 11 patients were treated with UGCR, 2 under continuous uhrasonographic （US） guidance and 9 under the guidance of femoral arterial bruit auscultation and dorsalis pedis artery palpation. Because UGCR was failed in 5 patients, consecutively 24 patients were treated with UGTI. Swine thrombin solution at a concentration of 200 U/ml was injected percutaneously using 22-25 gauge needles under color Doppler US. Demographics, clinical variables, pseudoaneurysm characteristics, and results of the 2 groups were compared by using Fisher＇s exact test and Student＇s t test. Results： The initial success rate of UGCR was 36.4% （4/11） and the overall success rate was 45.5% （5/11）. Tenor 11 patients suffered from local pain during the compression, but there was no any complication in UGTI group. The av- erage dose of injected thrombin was （180±82） U for PSA of a single loculus and （315±150） U for multi- loculated PSA. The initial success rate of UGTI was 89.5% （17/19） and the overall success rate was 100% （24/24）. Conclusion：UGTI offers a safe, quick and effective means of definitively treating femoral pseudoaneurysms and seems superior to UGCR. The amount of thrombin applied on our people seems smaller compared with others＇ work.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum and the special 30 degree head-down tilt position on the venous hemodynamics in the lower extremity. Methods: Color doplex ultrasound was adopted to evaluate the diameter and blood flow velocity of the right femoral vein of 18 patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy under the same pressure of pneumoperitoneum of 12 mmHg. The diameter of femoral vein and the flow velocity were measured; the blood flow volume was calculated based on the equation of Q = vπr2 . Result: After establishment of pneumoperitoneum, the dilation of the femoral vein and the decrease in the velocity and volume can be observed (P < 0.05). And the 30 degree head-down position could increase the flow velocity and volume of the femoral vein and decrease the diameter of the vessel ( P < 0.05). At 30 minutes of the 30 degree head-down tilt position, the blood flow ameliorated compared with that in prone position after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum. After deflation of pneumoperitoneum, the femoral vein remained dilated( P < 0. 05). Conclusion: During laparoscopy, CO2 pneumoperitoneum may result in the dilation of the vein in lower extremity and retar dance of blood flow. The 30 degree Trendlenburg position can ameliorate the blood flow in the lower extremity. The deflation of the pneumoperitoneum cannot eliminate the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the lower extremity veins, which may predispose deep venous thrombosis after laparoscopy.
