养殖肥水农田施用是一种有效的绿色循环模式,肥水施用会影响土壤氨挥发,而土壤氨挥发受肥水含氮量、温度、土壤含水量和pH等多种因素共同影响。本研究采用室内培养的方法,研究肥水施氮量、温度、pH和土壤含水量四个因素对土壤氨挥发的影...养殖肥水农田施用是一种有效的绿色循环模式,肥水施用会影响土壤氨挥发,而土壤氨挥发受肥水含氮量、温度、土壤含水量和pH等多种因素共同影响。本研究采用室内培养的方法,研究肥水施氮量、温度、pH和土壤含水量四个因素对土壤氨挥发的影响,筛选实验条件下适宜的养殖肥水施用条件。结果表明,四个因素对土壤氨挥发累积量的影响大小依次为:施氮量>温度>pH>土壤含水量,其中,土壤氨挥发与施氮量、温度、pH均呈显著正相关关系,氨挥发累积量随着施氮量、温度、pH的升高而升高。在温度15~35℃、土壤含水量60%~80%、pH 6~8、施氮量60~120 kg N·hm-2的范围内,降低土壤氨挥发的理想条件为:施氮量75.58kg N·hm-2,温度15.48℃,pH 6.22,土壤含水量为田间持水量的60.63%。考虑实际情况,温度25℃时,降低土壤氨挥发的肥水施用条件为:施氮量64.98 kg N·hm-2,pH 6.02,土壤含水量为田间持水量的73.42%。研究多因素耦合对土壤氨挥发的影响,能够提高氮素利用率,为养殖肥水安全回用提供了科学方法和理论依据。展开更多
In this study we aimed to analyze the effects of water temperature and diet on the length-weight rela- tionship and condition of juvenile Malabar blood snapper Lutjanus malabaricus over a 30-d experimental period. The...In this study we aimed to analyze the effects of water temperature and diet on the length-weight rela- tionship and condition of juvenile Malabar blood snapper Lutjanus malabaricus over a 30-d experimental period. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory using a flow-through-sea-water system. The fish were subjected to four different temperatures (22, 26, 30, and 34 ℃) and two diets (commercial pellet and natural shrimp). Fish were fed twice daily. L. malabancus exhibited negative allometric growth (b〈3) at the beginning of the experiment (Day 0) at all temperatures and both diets except for 22 ℃ fed with shrimp, which showed isometric growth (b=3). Conversely, at the end of the experiment (Day 30) fish showed isometric growth (b=3) at 30 ℃ fed with the pellet diet, indicating that the shape of the fish did not change with increasing weight and length, and a positive allometric growth (b〉3) at 30 ℃ fed with shrimp diet, which indicated that fish weight increases faster than their length. The rest of the temperatures represented negative allometric growth (b〈3) on both diet, meaning that fish became lighter with increasing size. The condition factors in the initial and final measurements were greater than 1, indicating the state of health of the fish, except for those fed on a pellet diet at 34 ℃. However, the best condition was obtained at 30 ℃ on both diets. Nev- ertheless, diets did not have a significant effect on growth and condition of juvenile L. malabaricus. The data obtained from this study suggested culturing L. malabaricus at 30 ℃ and feeding on the pellet or shrimp diet, which will optimize the overall production and condition of this commercially important fish species.展开更多
文摘养殖肥水农田施用是一种有效的绿色循环模式,肥水施用会影响土壤氨挥发,而土壤氨挥发受肥水含氮量、温度、土壤含水量和pH等多种因素共同影响。本研究采用室内培养的方法,研究肥水施氮量、温度、pH和土壤含水量四个因素对土壤氨挥发的影响,筛选实验条件下适宜的养殖肥水施用条件。结果表明,四个因素对土壤氨挥发累积量的影响大小依次为:施氮量>温度>pH>土壤含水量,其中,土壤氨挥发与施氮量、温度、pH均呈显著正相关关系,氨挥发累积量随着施氮量、温度、pH的升高而升高。在温度15~35℃、土壤含水量60%~80%、pH 6~8、施氮量60~120 kg N·hm-2的范围内,降低土壤氨挥发的理想条件为:施氮量75.58kg N·hm-2,温度15.48℃,pH 6.22,土壤含水量为田间持水量的60.63%。考虑实际情况,温度25℃时,降低土壤氨挥发的肥水施用条件为:施氮量64.98 kg N·hm-2,pH 6.02,土壤含水量为田间持水量的73.42%。研究多因素耦合对土壤氨挥发的影响,能够提高氮素利用率,为养殖肥水安全回用提供了科学方法和理论依据。
基金supported by the Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation Malaysia(MOSTI)(No.04-01-02-SF1208)
文摘In this study we aimed to analyze the effects of water temperature and diet on the length-weight rela- tionship and condition of juvenile Malabar blood snapper Lutjanus malabaricus over a 30-d experimental period. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory using a flow-through-sea-water system. The fish were subjected to four different temperatures (22, 26, 30, and 34 ℃) and two diets (commercial pellet and natural shrimp). Fish were fed twice daily. L. malabancus exhibited negative allometric growth (b〈3) at the beginning of the experiment (Day 0) at all temperatures and both diets except for 22 ℃ fed with shrimp, which showed isometric growth (b=3). Conversely, at the end of the experiment (Day 30) fish showed isometric growth (b=3) at 30 ℃ fed with the pellet diet, indicating that the shape of the fish did not change with increasing weight and length, and a positive allometric growth (b〉3) at 30 ℃ fed with shrimp diet, which indicated that fish weight increases faster than their length. The rest of the temperatures represented negative allometric growth (b〈3) on both diet, meaning that fish became lighter with increasing size. The condition factors in the initial and final measurements were greater than 1, indicating the state of health of the fish, except for those fed on a pellet diet at 34 ℃. However, the best condition was obtained at 30 ℃ on both diets. Nev- ertheless, diets did not have a significant effect on growth and condition of juvenile L. malabaricus. The data obtained from this study suggested culturing L. malabaricus at 30 ℃ and feeding on the pellet or shrimp diet, which will optimize the overall production and condition of this commercially important fish species.