[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, G...[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, Guitang 04-1001（Guitang 42）, a progeny of the cross ROC22 ×Guitang 92-66, was bred and evaluated in the aspects of morphological characteristics and production characteristics through the breeding program of a five-nursery-system protocol by both regional and production trials. [Results] Under many years of experiments, Guitang 42 was shown with high stalk, medium to large stalk diameter, easy stripping, good germination, medium tillering ability, and more population of millable stalks; and high resistance to mosaic and pokkah boeng, medium resistance to smut, high drought tolerance, and good ratooning ability. During the five-nursery-system procedure, the average of cane and sugar yield was 95.06-108.87 t/hm^2 and 15.11-16.85 t/hm^2, which were higher than CK by 11.3%-14.1% and 16.0%-18.9%, respectively. In the regional trial in 2011 and 2012, the achieved cane yield of 101.7 t/hm^2, sugar yield of 15.03 t/hm^2 and sucrose contents of 14.46% were higher than CK by 9.26%, 14.45% and0.66%, respectively. In the production trial in 2012, the average cane yield was88.62 t/hm^2, which was higher than ROC22 by 7.9%. Guitang 42 was approved by Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2013 and elected to Guangxi Top 10 sugarcane commercial variety in 2014. [Conclusion] Guitang 42 has the characteristics of early maturity, high yield, high sugar content, good ratooning ability, and high resistance to lodging（i.e., good comprehensive traits）, and could be popularized in south sugarcane regions in China.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteris...[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteristics were identified by laboratory tests and rural promotion practices in Sichuan Province.[Result]The cocoon produced by the new variety Shuhuang No.1 was golden-yellow and radiantly beautiful.Shuhuang No.1 was strong and easy to rear,uniform in development.The male and female ones could be distinguished by their larval color and markings.The cocoon yield per 10 000 the 4th instar larvae reached 20.30 kg; the length of a cocoon filament was about 1 115.0 m,and a non-broken filament was 882.95 mm long,accounting for 79.15％ of the total length.The raw silk ratio of fresh cocoon was 18.39％,and the neatness was 91.25 point.The main economic features of Shuhuang No.1 were better than those of the control.[Conclusion] The new variety had been approved by Sichuan Silkworm Evaluation Commission.It can be promoted in parent silkworm rearing areas Sichuan,Chongqing,Yangtze River basin.展开更多
lnterspecific hybridization can generate heterosis, which is proven to be a useful tool in selective breeding programs for oyster culture. Crassostrea angulata and C. ariakensis are two important economic shellfish sp...lnterspecific hybridization can generate heterosis, which is proven to be a useful tool in selective breeding programs for oyster culture. Crassostrea angulata and C. ariakensis are two important economic shellfish species in China. We conducted 2 × 2 reciprocal crosses to determine whether these two species can cross-fertilize and their hybrids can hatch, survive and perform hetero- sis. Fertilization was found symmetrical without delay. The rate of fertilization success of C. angulata ♀× C. ariakensis ♂ was lower than that of C. ariakensis ♀ x C. angulata ♂, and the success rate of both hybridizations was lower than that of two intraspecific crosses each. During the planktonic period, survival rate of the progeny was lower in the hybrid crosses than in the intraspecific crosses. On day 360, mean shell height of the progeny of C. angulata ♀ x C. angulata ♂ was highest, which was followed by that of C. angulata ♀ × C. ariakensis ♂, C. ariakensis ♀x C. ariakensis ♂ and C. ariakensis ♀× C. angulata ♂ in a descending order. Mor- phology of adults produced by the hybrid crosses was similar to that of C. angulata. Both hybrids underwent normal gonad devel- opment and produced mature gametes in the mating season. This study provided new insights into the quantitative traits in interspeci- fic crosses of Crassostrea species, thus being of guidance value for selective breeding of oyster.展开更多
Salt and drought tolerance, high yield and quality, disease and pest resistance of cotton varieties are new requirements for the current situation in cotton production. Hengyou 12 is a transgenic Bt cotton variety bre...Salt and drought tolerance, high yield and quality, disease and pest resistance of cotton varieties are new requirements for the current situation in cotton production. Hengyou 12 is a transgenic Bt cotton variety bred by hybridizing JD 28 （interspeciflc progeny of upland cotton, sea-island cotton, wild cotton species） as female parent with GK55 （transgenic Bt cotton variety） as male parent. The combining of parents was based on the complementary principle of parental traits. Hengyou 12 with strong heterosis was selected under disease stress, pest stress, salt stress and drought stress. This variety has many excellent characteristics, such as good resis- tance to diseases and pests, high yield, excellent quality, strong drought resistance and salt tolerance. ＇Hengyou12＇ was approved by Hebei Province in 2015, and is suitable for planting in middle and south areas of Hebei and similar ecological areas in the Yellow River basin.展开更多
Jinxiu 206 is a mid-early maize variety bred in the Maize Research Insti- tute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, derived from CC15-2 and Chang 7-2 Lv as male and female parents. The variety test in 2007-2012 s...Jinxiu 206 is a mid-early maize variety bred in the Maize Research Insti- tute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, derived from CC15-2 and Chang 7-2 Lv as male and female parents. The variety test in 2007-2012 showed that Jinxiu 206 has strong resistance to disease and stress, excellent quality and high stable yield, and is suitable for early spring maize producing areas.展开更多
Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape...Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape resistance uses different methods for testing breeding materials, looks for resistance sources in certain wild species of the genus Helianthus, and has so far produced significant results. Dominant genes for resistance to races A, B, C, D, E and F have been found and incorporated into cultivated sunflower genotypes. In the last two to three years, new broomrape populations have been discovered in several countries. None of the existing commercial hybrids resistant to races A, B, C, D, E and F have proven resistant to these new populations. Greenhouse testing conducted by the Fundulea Institute in Romania in 2009 has managed to identify two restorer lines that are resistant to all the new populations and can be used directly in developing hybrids. Sunflower breeders and geneticists have achieved significant results in the use of molecular markers for identifying new broomrape races. Marker-assisted selection should be used even more in the future search for Orobanche resistance. Broomrape can also be managed by the development of IMl-resistant hybrids or by using biological control.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Guangxi Innovation Team(Sugarcane)of National System of Modern Agriculture Industrial Technology(nycytxgxcxtd-02)Guangxi Scientific Research and Technological Development Planning Project(GKZ 14121005-1-1,GKG 1598006-1-1A)+1 种基金Special Fund for Basal Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science(GNK 2014YQ02,2015JZ02)Special Fund for Bagui Scholars~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, Guitang 04-1001（Guitang 42）, a progeny of the cross ROC22 ×Guitang 92-66, was bred and evaluated in the aspects of morphological characteristics and production characteristics through the breeding program of a five-nursery-system protocol by both regional and production trials. [Results] Under many years of experiments, Guitang 42 was shown with high stalk, medium to large stalk diameter, easy stripping, good germination, medium tillering ability, and more population of millable stalks; and high resistance to mosaic and pokkah boeng, medium resistance to smut, high drought tolerance, and good ratooning ability. During the five-nursery-system procedure, the average of cane and sugar yield was 95.06-108.87 t/hm^2 and 15.11-16.85 t/hm^2, which were higher than CK by 11.3%-14.1% and 16.0%-18.9%, respectively. In the regional trial in 2011 and 2012, the achieved cane yield of 101.7 t/hm^2, sugar yield of 15.03 t/hm^2 and sucrose contents of 14.46% were higher than CK by 9.26%, 14.45% and0.66%, respectively. In the production trial in 2012, the average cane yield was88.62 t/hm^2, which was higher than ROC22 by 7.9%. Guitang 42 was approved by Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2013 and elected to Guangxi Top 10 sugarcane commercial variety in 2014. [Conclusion] Guitang 42 has the characteristics of early maturity, high yield, high sugar content, good ratooning ability, and high resistance to lodging（i.e., good comprehensive traits）, and could be popularized in south sugarcane regions in China.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteristics were identified by laboratory tests and rural promotion practices in Sichuan Province.[Result]The cocoon produced by the new variety Shuhuang No.1 was golden-yellow and radiantly beautiful.Shuhuang No.1 was strong and easy to rear,uniform in development.The male and female ones could be distinguished by their larval color and markings.The cocoon yield per 10 000 the 4th instar larvae reached 20.30 kg; the length of a cocoon filament was about 1 115.0 m,and a non-broken filament was 882.95 mm long,accounting for 79.15％ of the total length.The raw silk ratio of fresh cocoon was 18.39％,and the neatness was 91.25 point.The main economic features of Shuhuang No.1 were better than those of the control.[Conclusion] The new variety had been approved by Sichuan Silkworm Evaluation Commission.It can be promoted in parent silkworm rearing areas Sichuan,Chongqing,Yangtze River basin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31172403)the National Key Basic Research Development Planning Project(Grant No.2010CB126406)
文摘lnterspecific hybridization can generate heterosis, which is proven to be a useful tool in selective breeding programs for oyster culture. Crassostrea angulata and C. ariakensis are two important economic shellfish species in China. We conducted 2 × 2 reciprocal crosses to determine whether these two species can cross-fertilize and their hybrids can hatch, survive and perform hetero- sis. Fertilization was found symmetrical without delay. The rate of fertilization success of C. angulata ♀× C. ariakensis ♂ was lower than that of C. ariakensis ♀ x C. angulata ♂, and the success rate of both hybridizations was lower than that of two intraspecific crosses each. During the planktonic period, survival rate of the progeny was lower in the hybrid crosses than in the intraspecific crosses. On day 360, mean shell height of the progeny of C. angulata ♀ x C. angulata ♂ was highest, which was followed by that of C. angulata ♀ × C. ariakensis ♂, C. ariakensis ♀x C. ariakensis ♂ and C. ariakensis ♀× C. angulata ♂ in a descending order. Mor- phology of adults produced by the hybrid crosses was similar to that of C. angulata. Both hybrids underwent normal gonad devel- opment and produced mature gametes in the mating season. This study provided new insights into the quantitative traits in interspeci- fic crosses of Crassostrea species, thus being of guidance value for selective breeding of oyster.
基金Supported by Subproject of New Transgenic Variety Breeding Major Project(2008ZX-08005-003)Hebei Cotton Industry Technology System(1004008)Hebei Science and Technology Program(16226303D)~~
文摘Salt and drought tolerance, high yield and quality, disease and pest resistance of cotton varieties are new requirements for the current situation in cotton production. Hengyou 12 is a transgenic Bt cotton variety bred by hybridizing JD 28 （interspeciflc progeny of upland cotton, sea-island cotton, wild cotton species） as female parent with GK55 （transgenic Bt cotton variety） as male parent. The combining of parents was based on the complementary principle of parental traits. Hengyou 12 with strong heterosis was selected under disease stress, pest stress, salt stress and drought stress. This variety has many excellent characteristics, such as good resis- tance to diseases and pests, high yield, excellent quality, strong drought resistance and salt tolerance. ＇Hengyou12＇ was approved by Hebei Province in 2015, and is suitable for planting in middle and south areas of Hebei and similar ecological areas in the Yellow River basin.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Crop Seed Industry Development of Shanxi Province(2014ZYFZ-07)Maize Breeding Engineering of Shangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences during the Thirteenth Five-year Plan Period(16yzgc110)~~
文摘Jinxiu 206 is a mid-early maize variety bred in the Maize Research Insti- tute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, derived from CC15-2 and Chang 7-2 Lv as male and female parents. The variety test in 2007-2012 showed that Jinxiu 206 has strong resistance to disease and stress, excellent quality and high stable yield, and is suitable for early spring maize producing areas.
文摘Broomrape causes economic damage in sunflower production in many countries worldwide, but especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Spain, Turkey, Israel, Iran, Kazakhstan, and China. Sunflower selection for broomrape resistance uses different methods for testing breeding materials, looks for resistance sources in certain wild species of the genus Helianthus, and has so far produced significant results. Dominant genes for resistance to races A, B, C, D, E and F have been found and incorporated into cultivated sunflower genotypes. In the last two to three years, new broomrape populations have been discovered in several countries. None of the existing commercial hybrids resistant to races A, B, C, D, E and F have proven resistant to these new populations. Greenhouse testing conducted by the Fundulea Institute in Romania in 2009 has managed to identify two restorer lines that are resistant to all the new populations and can be used directly in developing hybrids. Sunflower breeders and geneticists have achieved significant results in the use of molecular markers for identifying new broomrape races. Marker-assisted selection should be used even more in the future search for Orobanche resistance. Broomrape can also be managed by the development of IMl-resistant hybrids or by using biological control.
