立“体”育人:学校体育的坚守与回归

立“体”育人教学主张,是立德树人根本任务在体育学科的具体践行。立“体”育人延承先贤体育思想,守护儿童生命成长,彰显学校体育本质,立足体育与健康学科的本质属性,顺应儿童身心健康发展的本体需求,通过“身动”“脑动”“心动”立体整合的学练活动,在具体项目的运动情境中,实现“育体”“育脑”“育心”三位一体,让培养“完整的人”的教育理念得以真正落实于课堂。

Changes of cell proliferation and differentiation in the developing brain of mouse

Objective To investigate the cell proliferation and differentiation in the developing brain of mouse. Methods C57/BL6 mice were divided into 3 groups at random. Bromodeoxyuridine （BrdU） was injected into the brains in different development periods once a day for 7 d. The brains were retrieved 4 weeks after the last BrdU injection. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent studies were carried out for detecting cell proliferation （BrdU） and cell differentiation （NeuN, APC, lbal, and S 100β）, respectively. Results The number of BrdU labeled cells decreased significantly with the development of the brain. Cell proliferation was prominent in the cortex and striatum. A small portion of BrdU and NeuN double labeled cells could be detected in the cortex at the early stage of development, and in the striatum and CA of the hippocampus in all groups. The majority of BrdU labeled cells were neuroglia, and the number of neuroglia cells decreased dramatically with brain maturation. Neurogenesis is the major cytogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Conclusion These results demonstrated that cell proliferation, differentiation and survival were age and brain region related.

Effect of Sex Steroid Hormones on Brain Tubulin Synthesis in Castrated Male Mouse & Testis-intact Male Mouse

The effect of gonadal hormones on brain tubulin synthesis has been studied in the castrated middle-aged male mouse and testes intact oldaged male mouse.Estrogen exerts potent influences on stimulating tubulin synthesis.Treatment with estradiol benzoate or estradiol benzoate and hydroxyprogesterone caproate increase the amount of tubulin by almost 37%-43%.Administration of testosterone propionate can produce a 13%-23% increase.Both estrogen and androgen can stimulate tubulin synthesis after the critical period of brain development but, estrogen plays a stronger role than androgen in stimulating tubulin synthesis in male mouse.

Maternal zinc deficiency impairs brain nestin expression in prenatal and postnatal mice

Effects of maternal dietary zinc deficiency on prenatal and postnatal brain development were investigated in ICR strain mice. From d 1 of pregnancy (E0) until postnatal d 20 (P20), maternal mice were fed experimental diets that contained 1 mg Zn/kg/day (severe zinc deficient, SZD), 5 mg Zn/kg/day (marginal zinc deficient, MZD), 30 mg Zn/kg/day (zinc adequately supplied, ZA) or 100 mg Zn/kg/day (zinc supplemented, ZS and pair-fed, PF). Brains of offspring from these dietary groups were examined at various developmental stages for expression of nestin, an intermediate filament protein found in neural stem cells and young neurons. Immunocytochemistry showed nestin expression in neural tube 10.5 d post citrus (dpc) as well as in the cerebral cortex and neural tube from 10.5 dpc to postnatal d 10 (P10). Nestin immunoreactivities in both brain and neural tube of those zinc-supplemented control groups (ZA, ZS, PF) were stronger than those in zinc-deficient groups (SZD and MZD). Western blot analysis confirmed that nestin levels in pooled brain extracts from each of the zinc-supplemented groups (ZA, ZS, PF) were much higher than those from the zinc-deficient groups (SZD and MZD) from 10.5 dpc to P10. Immunostaining and Western blots showed no detectable nestin in any of the experimental and control group brains after P20. These observations of an association between maternal zinc deficiency and decreased nestin protein levels in brains of offspring suggest that zinc deficiency suppresses development of neural stem cells, an effect which may lead to neuroanatomical and behavioral abnormalities in adults.

育阴潜阳醒脑汤治疗高血压性急性脑梗死65例临床观察

目的:观察育阴潜阳醒脑汤治疗高血压性急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法:将130例原发性高血压性急性脑梗死患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各65例。对照组予西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加育阴潜阳醒脑汤治疗。结果:总有效率治疗组为98.5%,对照组为87.7%,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组血液流变学指标、Barthel指数、HAMA评分及血压控制平稳比率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:育阴潜阳醒脑汤治疗高血压性急性脑梗死临床疗效确切。

Occurrence and Development of Spontaneous Firings in the Telencephalon Neurons of Hynobius leechii

This study aimed to probe into occurrence and development of spontaneous firings in the telencephalon neurons of Hynobius leechi . [Method] Mi-croelectrode technique was used to record extracellular spontaneous electrical activi-ties of the telencephalon neurons of H. leechi in occurrence and development. [Re-sult] There were three discharge types in the occurrence of telencephalon in H. leechi , with single spontaneous firing and consecutive single spontaneous firing being main-ly apparent. And among the five types in the development of telencephalon, the main discharge type was single spontaneous firing. Along with the occurrence and development of telencephalon, the extracellular discharge intensity enhanced gradual-ly, the discharge duration increased, and the spontaneous firing frequency accelerat-ed, al of which reached the maximum in the adult phase. Fol owing the process of occurrence and development, other discharge types appeared successively. [Conclu-sion] Along with the occurrence and development of the telencephalon in H. leechi , the neuronal excitability increases step by step and the neuronal electrical activities diversify gradual y.

Reevaluation of cortical developmental patterns in Euplotes(s.l.), including a morphogenetic redescription of E.charon (Protozoa,Ciliophora,Euplotida)

We documented the pattern of cell development in Euplotes charon. The ontogenesis of this species was similar to many of its congeners, except for the formation of the caudal cirri. In E. Charon, a caudal cirrus is formed posterior to each of the rightmost two or three dorsal kinety anlage in the proter, and the second rightmost dorsal kinety in the opisthe. In addition, two caudal cirri are formed posterior to the rightmost dorsal kinety in the opisthe. This pattern of development represents a completely new type. Based on our evaluation, and in comparison with previous studies, we also conclude that the pattern of cell development is variable among species in the Euplotes genera. The variation is particularly evident during the formation of frontoventral and caudal cirri. Based on the segmentation pattern of frontal-midventral transverse cirral anlagen, cirri reduction, and migration of frontoventral cirri, we identified five types: the affinis-type, the eurystomus-type, the charon-type, the raikovi-type and orientalis-type. Euplotes (s. l.) can also be divided into three types based on the formation of caudal cirri: focardii-type, vannus-type and charon-type. Indeed, we conclude that the number (one or two) of marginal cirri should be given as much consideration as the genetic separation. Given this, we reassessed the validity of using genetic separation to classify the group. Generally, the morphogenetic data disagreed with the molecular data (SSrRNA gene sequences). Given these discrepancies, it is too early to draw conclusions on the systematic arrangement of this species-rich taxon.

Changing paradigm of cancer therapy：precision medicine by next-generation sequencing

Precision medicine aims to identify the right drug, for the right patient, at the right dose, at the right time, which is particularly important in cancer therapy. Problems such as the variability of treatment response and resistance to medication have been longstanding challenges in oncology, especially for development of new medications. Solid tumors, unlike hematologic malignancies or brain tumors, are remarkably diverse in their cellular origins and developmental timing. The ability of next-generation sequencing(NGS) to analyze the comprehensive landscape of genetic alterations brings promises to diseases that have a highly complex and heterogeneous genetic composition such as cancer. Here we provide an overview of how NGS is able to facilitate precision medicine and change the paradigm of cancer therapy, especially for solid tumors, through technical advancements, molecular diagnosis, response monitoring and clinical trials.

Transplanted neuronal precursors migrate and differentiate in the devel-oping mouse brain

The subventricular zone (SVZ), lining the lateral ventricle in forebrain, retains a population of neuronal precursors with the ability of proliferation in adult mammals. To test the potential of neuronal precursors in adult mice, we transplanted adult SVZ cells labeled with fluorescent dye PKH26 into the lateral ventricle of the mouse brain in different development stages. The preliminary results indicated that the grafted cells were able to survive and migrate into multiple regions of the recipient brain, including SVZ, the third ventricle, thalamus, superior colliculus, inferior colliculus, cerebellum and olfactory bulb etc; and the amount of survival cells in different brain regions was correlated with the development stage of the recipient brain. Immunohistochemical studies showed that most of the grafted cells migrating into the specific target could express neuronal or astrocytic marker. Our results revealed that the neuronal precursors in adult SVZ still retained immortality and ability of proliferation, which is likely to be induced by some environmental factors.

Influence of Selective Edge Removal and Refractory Period in a Self-Organized Critical Neuron Model

A simple model for a set of integrate-and-fire neurons based on the weighted network is introduced. By considering the neurobiological phenomenon in brain development and the difference of the synaptic strength, we construct weighted networks develop with link additions and followed by selective edge removal. The network exhibits the small-world and scale-free properties with high network efficiency. The model displays an avalanche activity on a power-law distribution. We investigate the effect of selective edge removal and the neuron refractory period on the self-organized criticality of the system.

The complex role of physical exercise and reactive oxygen species on brain

Reactive oxygen species （ROS） are continuously generated during aerobic metabolism and at moderate level. They play a role in redox signaling, but in significant concentration they cause oxidative damage and neurodegeneration. Because of the enhanced sensitivity of brain to ROS, it is especially important to maintain the normal redox state in different types of neuron cells. In last decade it became clear that regular exercise beneficially affects brain function, and can play an important preventive and therapeutic role in stroke, Alzheimer, and Parkinson diseases. The effects of exercise appear to be very complex and could include neurogenesis via neurotrophic factors, increased capillariszation, decreased oxidative damage, and increased proteolyfic degradation by proteasome and neprilysin. Data from our and other laboratories indicate that exercise-induced modulation of ROS levels plays a role in the protein content and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tyrosinerelated kinase B （TrkB）, and cAMP response element binding protein, resulting in better function and increased neurogenesis. Therefore, it appears that exercise-induced modulation of the redox state is an important means, by which exercise benefits brain function, increases the resistance against oxidative stress, facilitates recovery from oxidative stress, and attenuates age-associated decline in cognition.

Effects of the Development of Thyroid and Sex Glands on the Synthesis of Brain Tubulin in Chick and Mouse Embryos

Using the specific affinity of tubulin for colchicine and the strong absorption of tubulin to DEAE ion exchangers at neutral pH and moderate ionic strength,the amounts of tubulin in the brain from both mice and chicks during different developing stages were measured by ~3H-colchicine assay (expressed as colchicine binding activity).The results show that the rate oftubulin synthesis reached a peak value during the critical period of brain development.This is exactly the period during which the organization and function of thyroid are being perfected.Besides,during breeding period,the difference of tubulin contents between male and female is significant(P<0.001).The synthesis of tubulin is strictly sex dependent(this phenomenon appeared only during sex maturation stage).It is suggested that sexual hormones might exert their effect on tubulin synthesis.

Art Education Need of Adults and Contribution of Art Education to Their Personalities

Education is a mental effort that an individual performs alone or in a group for the purpose of perceiving the surrounding, understanding, and putting a meaning on it. In this sense, it would be a reasonable idea that an individual should benefit from art education in order to have a complete education, since art is not just creating an aesthetic object or being aware of staying against an aesthetic object. Art means that it occurs in every stage, in every action, in all attitudes and behaviors of human being realized in an aesthetic concern without thinking When the individuals having an art education in primary and secondary education start their education in a higher education program in a faculty or department other than art education, art education loses its continuity. However art education should be continuous and it is of importance in terms of its contribution to this continuity since the studies of art education for the adults out of formal education would support it. The purpose of the current study was to determine the needs of adults and also the support that would be obtained from any kind of educational activities for art education, and to propose some recommendations in this sense

Evidence for a mouse brain-specific variant of α-tubulin

While studying the neural precursor cell intermediatefilament protein known as nestin in the developing mousebrain, we observed a strong cross-reaction of our nestin antibody with a 50 kDa protein that appeared on embryonicday 10 and continued to accumulate until postnatal day 1.Here we report evidence that this protein is a brain-specificvariant form of or-tubulin and discuss its implications.

Stimulation of Brain Tubulin Synthesis by Estrogen in Ovariectomized Mice and Intact Female Mice

The effect of sex hormones on the biogenesis of brain tubulin has been studied in the ovariectomized middle-aged and ovary-intact old-aged female mouse.The results show the much stronger role estrogen plays in stimulating tubulin synthesis than testosterone. Estradiol increased the contents of brain tubulin by 15%-41%. Estradiol and progesterone together can produce a 23%-49% increase. Maybe this experiment revealed a kind of new action of estrogen, i.e., stimulates brain tubulin syntheses in adult mouse.It is important that the effect of estrogen on stimulating tubulin synthesis takes place after the critical period of brain development. All of these mean that estrogen still plays its role in stimulating tubulin synthesis wile thyroid hormones can't play this kind of role during this time.

The Application of Computer Technology in Music Education

computer music is a new type of multi-disciplinary integration of computer technology with traditional music, to meet the development needs of music education refom.Music education in the integration of computer music technology is imminent. The articles make the analysis on teaching mode of computer music courses and teaching environment constructed, and the paper proposed some viewpoint on the necessity and feasibility of computer music technology teaching,positive and negative impacts and future trends.The application of computer technology to music teaching in schools, not only solve the traditional teaching of the long-troubled, and can receive better teaching effect, which has a very important show significance. I hope to play a guidance and reference promotion and teaching of computer music technology in-depth.

Dixy： A Connection Between the “Typographic Appearance” and the Brain of Children

This study presents a comparison between three different fonts in order to know the possible influence they may have when used in educational materials for children with readers difficulties resulting from dyslexia. Two of the three selected fonts （Arial and MeMimas） are frequently used in textbooks in Spain. The third type of letter （Dixy） was specially developed for typographic research purposes, following graphic features that according to literature and previous studies on reading patterns favor the dyslexic, and could improve reading skills in these individuals. To examine the quality of reading （speed and accuracy） between fonts, a small--but significant--sample was used. Ten children in Madrid, from eight to 10 years old were examined while reading words and pseudowords with three different fonts （Arial, MeMimas, and Dixy）. The result of the study shows the influence of the shapes of the letters in the legibility of texts with familiar and unfamiliar words （pseudowords） in children with dyslexia. The study showed that using the font Dixy, despite not being known by the children, reading is more accurate than using fonts known to them, such as Arial and MeMimas. As to the reading speed, the results indicate that, although the Dixy is a font never seen before by the children, reading speed is similar to a known font for them, as is the Arial, and greater than a hand writing font such as MeMimas.

Mastering the Oral-Written Speech by Six- and Seven-Year Olds

The object of this article is to develop instruments for the study of the interest of six- and seven-year olds, pedagogues and parents about children＇s books and computers. By way of elaborating children＇s books and writing on a computer or tablet, it introduces illiterate children to oral-written speech--an innovative approach to literacy. This process takes place under the guidance of a pedagogue, in collaboration with parents. Thus, before they start school, children in Bulgaria can master the written and spoken language that encourages them to love the book.

Quantitative Evaluation of Neuroplastic Biomaterial for Human Brain Rehabilitation to Stroke Subjects

Neurorehabilitation involves training of brain activity, which influences the resistive torque and electromyogram. This quantitative evaluation is numerical modeling of biomaterial of human body. Measurement for rehabilitation and developing numerical modeling in patients are useful for information technology education with healthcare background. The resistive torque and electromyogram were measured. Electromyogram is the neuronal activity from eight lower limb muscles. Both activities are output signals for angle input signals. The resistive torque of a stroke patient shows a hysteresis curve, and this is a velocity-dependent component, particular for stroke. Differentiated angle by muscle spindle, a velocity-dependent component, is a stretch reflex （spasticity）. In an electromyogram of a stroke patient, SLR （stretch reflex via spinal cord） means a short latency reflex, and LLR （stretch reflex via cerebral cortex） means a long latency reflex. An example of some stroke electromyogram shows long latency reflex, and this is voluntary movement during the experiment. The example of some stroke resistive torque reveals that viscoelasticity is used for the intrinsic component. The example of some stroke electromyogram reveals that long latency reflex is used for the reflex component of lower limbs. Current research needs improvement. Intrinsic viscoelasticity is modeled by a second-order differential equation. The reflex component of stroke patients is modeled by a double exponential function. Open source software is in use. Information technology-based analyses by numerical modeling would be applied in future healthcare education.

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY AREA IN IDIOPATHIC GROWTH DEFICIENCY

In order to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in hypothalamic-pituitary area and its clinical relevance in patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), the MR imagings of 26 patients with IGHD were analyzed. On MRI, 24 out of 26 cases (92. 3%) showed apparent pituitary upper margin depression; 8 out of 26 cases (30. 8%) showed definite pituitary stalk transection; 22 out of 26 cases (84. 6%) showed absence of the normal posterior pituitary bright spot. The bright lipidlike signal on T1W1 images at the median eminence distal to the breaking point (so-called ectopic posterior lobe) was found in 4 out of 26 cases (15. 4%). According to the MRI findings of the pituitary stalks, the 26 cases were divided into three groups; group A of 8 cases (31%) characterized by the definite transaction of stalk; group B of 13 cases (50%) defined by the possible stalk transection; and group C of 5 cases (19%) with no definite stalk transection.MRI findings were consistent with the clinical and endocrine tests. The stalk transection was statistically significantly difference in insulin test, L-dopa/p test, and height standard deviation score (P< 0.05). The MRI of hypothalamic-pituitary area may differentiate partial IGHD form stalk-transected, doubtful transection and without transection.