AIM:To investigate pulmonary involvement via pulmonary function tests (PFT) and high-resolution computed tomocjraphy (HRCT) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS:Thirty-four patients with...AIM:To investigate pulmonary involvement via pulmonary function tests (PFT) and high-resolution computed tomocjraphy (HRCT) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS:Thirty-four patients with chronic HCV infection without diagnosis of any pulmonary diseases and 10 healthy cases were enrolled in the study,PFT and HRCT were performed in all cases. RESULTS:A decrease lower than 80% of the predicted value was detected in vital capacity in 9/34 patients,in forced expiratory volume in one second in 8/34 patients,and in forced expiratory flow 25-75 in 15/34 patients,respectively.Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) was decreased in 26/34 patients.Findings of interstitial pulmonary involvement were detected in the HRCT of 16/34 patients.Significant difference was found between controls and patients with HCV infection in findings of HRCT (X^2=4.7,P=0.003).Knodell histological activity index (KHAI) of 28/34 patients in whom liver biopsy was applied was 9.0±4.7.HRCT findings,PFT values and DLCO were not affected by KHAI in patients with HCV infection.In these patients,all the parameters were related with age. CONCLUSION:We suggest that chronic hepatitis C virus infection may cause pulmonary interstitial involvement without evident respiratory symptoms.展开更多
Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease a...Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.Methods The ability of the synthesized compounds to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein inhibitory of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by assessing their mode of binding to the allosteric site of the enzyme using molecular docking.The structures of pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole derivatives synthesized with microwave assistance were confirmed by spectral analysis.Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined by broth dilution.Results Gram-negative bateria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were more sensitive than gram-positive bateria(Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes)to the derivatives.Candida albicans was sensitive to the derivatives at a minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 250μg/mL.The novel derivatives had better binding affinity(kcal/mol)than nelfinavir,lopinavir,ivermectin,remdesivir,and favipiravir,which are under investigation as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Compounds 2c,2e,and 2g formed four hydrogen bonds with the active cavity of the main protease.Many derivatives had good binding affinity for the RBD of the of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with the formation of up to four hydrogen bonds.Conclusion We synthesized novel pyrimidine-linked benzi-midazole derivatives that were potent antimicrobial agents with ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.Understanding the pharmacophore features of the main protease and spike glycoprotein offers much scope for the development of more potent agents.We plan to optimize the properties of the derivatives using models in vivo and in vitro so that they will serve as more effective therapeutic options against bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 infections.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate pulmonary involvement via pulmonary function tests (PFT) and high-resolution computed tomocjraphy (HRCT) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. METHODS:Thirty-four patients with chronic HCV infection without diagnosis of any pulmonary diseases and 10 healthy cases were enrolled in the study,PFT and HRCT were performed in all cases. RESULTS:A decrease lower than 80% of the predicted value was detected in vital capacity in 9/34 patients,in forced expiratory volume in one second in 8/34 patients,and in forced expiratory flow 25-75 in 15/34 patients,respectively.Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) was decreased in 26/34 patients.Findings of interstitial pulmonary involvement were detected in the HRCT of 16/34 patients.Significant difference was found between controls and patients with HCV infection in findings of HRCT (X^2=4.7,P=0.003).Knodell histological activity index (KHAI) of 28/34 patients in whom liver biopsy was applied was 9.0±4.7.HRCT findings,PFT values and DLCO were not affected by KHAI in patients with HCV infection.In these patients,all the parameters were related with age. CONCLUSION:We suggest that chronic hepatitis C virus infection may cause pulmonary interstitial involvement without evident respiratory symptoms.
文摘Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.Methods The ability of the synthesized compounds to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein inhibitory of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by assessing their mode of binding to the allosteric site of the enzyme using molecular docking.The structures of pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole derivatives synthesized with microwave assistance were confirmed by spectral analysis.Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined by broth dilution.Results Gram-negative bateria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were more sensitive than gram-positive bateria(Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes)to the derivatives.Candida albicans was sensitive to the derivatives at a minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 250μg/mL.The novel derivatives had better binding affinity(kcal/mol)than nelfinavir,lopinavir,ivermectin,remdesivir,and favipiravir,which are under investigation as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Compounds 2c,2e,and 2g formed four hydrogen bonds with the active cavity of the main protease.Many derivatives had good binding affinity for the RBD of the of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with the formation of up to four hydrogen bonds.Conclusion We synthesized novel pyrimidine-linked benzi-midazole derivatives that were potent antimicrobial agents with ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.Understanding the pharmacophore features of the main protease and spike glycoprotein offers much scope for the development of more potent agents.We plan to optimize the properties of the derivatives using models in vivo and in vitro so that they will serve as more effective therapeutic options against bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 infections.
