Objective To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics and surgical results of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) -secreting pituitary adenomas. Methods MRI characteristics and relationship between MRI po...Objective To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics and surgical results of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) -secreting pituitary adenomas. Methods MRI characteristics and relationship between MRI positive rate and surgical results of 266 patients with pathologically confn'med Cushing's disease were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent thin-section sagittal and coronal scans of the pituitary gland before and after administration of gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) on a 1. 5 Tesla MR/scanner, and dynamic enhanced MR/was performed in 39 patients. All patients underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Endocrinological examinations and assessments were performed. Results Preoperative MR/revealed normal results in 41 ( 15.4% ) cases, microadenoma in 179 (67. 3% ), macroadenoma in 42 ( 15.8% ), and huge adenoma in 4 ( 1.5% ). Pituitary apoplexy was found in 13 (4.9%) cases. Positive rate of ACTH-secreting adenomas was 84.6% (225/266) on MR/scans, and that of small microadenomas was 87.2% (34/39) on dynamic enhanced MRI scans. Preoperative endocrinological tests of 199 cases supported the diagnosis of typical Cushing's disease, while the other 67 cases had atypical endocrinological results. The endocrinological cure rate, remission rate, and inefficacy rate were 85.7%, 7.9%, and 6. 4%, respectively. There was no difference in the initial endocrinological cure rate between the patients with positive and normal MRI results (90% vs. 87. 8%, P =0. 904). Conclusions Enhanced coronal pituitary MR/ is helpful for preoperative localization of ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenoma. Dynamic enhanced MR/may improve detection rate of microadenoma. There is no marked difference in the surgical results for patients with preoperative MR/results indicating presence or absence of microadenoma.展开更多
Myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma is a rare tumor and till now only 9 cases have been presented in the world. We here report another case of myxoid adenoma of the adrenal gland in a 45-year-old Chinese man who was admit...Myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma is a rare tumor and till now only 9 cases have been presented in the world. We here report another case of myxoid adenoma of the adrenal gland in a 45-year-old Chinese man who was admitted to hospital because of the right adrenal mass and mild hypertension. At surgery, the mass was well-circumscribed, measured 3.3 cm in diameter. Light-microscopic findings showed most of the tumor region with myxoid stroma, and the tumor cells were benign-look- ing. Immunohistochemical study showed the tumor had the positivity for vimentin, synaptophysin, neuron specific endolase but negative with cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. Moreover, it was negative with alpha-inhibin that is not in accordance with those reported. There was no finding corresponding to malignancy.展开更多
THE causes of Cushing's syndrome are mainly di- vided into adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) dependent and independent. ACTH dependent hypercortisolism represents excess ACTH se-creting by the pituitary or tumor o...THE causes of Cushing's syndrome are mainly di- vided into adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) dependent and independent. ACTH dependent hypercortisolism represents excess ACTH se-creting by the pituitary or tumor outside the pituitary; and the latter one is also called as ectopic ACTH syndrome. Thorax is the most common location of causative lesions for ectopic ACTH syndrome, and the size of lesion is too small to be detected in some cases.1' 2 Cryptococcal pneumonia usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and excess cortisol production can theoretically produce a state of immunodeficiency. Development of cryptococcal pneumonia concomitant with Cushing syndrome (CS) was rare. Here, we report a case of pulmonary nodule in a patient with CS differentiated with ectopic ACTH-producing tumor. Crypto- coccal pneumonia was diagnosed followinglung resection.展开更多
Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel on correlative signals of inflammatory response stressinjury-repair in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats. Methods A total...Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel on correlative signals of inflammatory response stressinjury-repair in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats. Methods A total of 216 rats were included in the experiment, of which 192 rats were randomly divided into four groups, including sham operation group(group A), model group(group B), governor vessel group(group C), and conception vessel and governor vessel group(group D), 48 rats in each group. The rats in each group were further divided into six sub-groups, including 12 h group, 24 h group, 48 h group, 72 h group, 96 h group and 144 h group. MCAO operation course was simulated in group A, and the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery on the right side were exposed, without insertion of suture or treatment. After completion of modeling in group B, treatment was not conducted. After completion of modeling in group C, "Shuǐgōu(水沟 GV 26)", "Bǎihuì(百会 GV 20)" and "Dàzhuī(大椎 GV 14)" of governor vessel were selected, and electroacupuncture device was connected with "GV 14" and "GV 20". After completion of modeling in group D, "GV 26", "GV 20" and "GV 14" of governor vessel, and "Qìhǎi(气海 CV 6)", "Guānyuán(关元 CV 4)" and "Chéngjiāng(承浆 CV 24)" of conception vessel were selected; electroacupuncture device was connected with "GV 14" and "GV 20", "CV 4" and "CV 6". Neurological severity score was conducted.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was applied to determine the concentration of peripheral serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) of rats, and immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) in brain tissue of rats. The other 24 rats were also randomly divided into four groups mentioned above, 6 rats in each group, to detect cerebral ischemie volume. Results Compared with group B, the ischemia volume in brain tissue at 144 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion decreased significantly in group C and group D(P〈0.05), and the ischemia volume in group D was less than that in group C(P〈0.05). The neurological impairment scores of group C and group D at all time points were lower than those of group B, and the differences were statistically significant(all P〈0.05). The scores of group D at all time points were lower than those of group C, and the differences since 24 h were statistically significant(all P〈0.05). Compared with group B, the excessive expression of ACTH was suppressed dynamically and generally in group C and group D(P〈0.05); the expression level of TNF-α was down-regulated and TGF-β1 was up-regulated as well in group C and group D(P〈0.05). The effect in group D was superior to that in group C. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel can protect brain through the intervention of the expression of correlative signals of inflammatory response stress-injury-repair of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.展开更多
Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion rfrom a non-pituitary tumor is a main cause of Cushing's syndrome, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although early studies showed th...Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion rfrom a non-pituitary tumor is a main cause of Cushing's syndrome, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although early studies showed that the predominant cause of ectopic Cushing's syndrome is small cell carcinomas of the lungs, the incidence of carcinoid, including thymic carcinoid, has increased substantially in recent surveys) This evidence suggested that the clinical syndrome of ectopic ACTH production only occurs in tumors with high proopiomelanocortin (POMC, the precursor to ACTH) transcripts generated from the start of the pituitary transcription initiation site.2展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics and surgical results of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) -secreting pituitary adenomas. Methods MRI characteristics and relationship between MRI positive rate and surgical results of 266 patients with pathologically confn'med Cushing's disease were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent thin-section sagittal and coronal scans of the pituitary gland before and after administration of gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) on a 1. 5 Tesla MR/scanner, and dynamic enhanced MR/was performed in 39 patients. All patients underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Endocrinological examinations and assessments were performed. Results Preoperative MR/revealed normal results in 41 ( 15.4% ) cases, microadenoma in 179 (67. 3% ), macroadenoma in 42 ( 15.8% ), and huge adenoma in 4 ( 1.5% ). Pituitary apoplexy was found in 13 (4.9%) cases. Positive rate of ACTH-secreting adenomas was 84.6% (225/266) on MR/scans, and that of small microadenomas was 87.2% (34/39) on dynamic enhanced MRI scans. Preoperative endocrinological tests of 199 cases supported the diagnosis of typical Cushing's disease, while the other 67 cases had atypical endocrinological results. The endocrinological cure rate, remission rate, and inefficacy rate were 85.7%, 7.9%, and 6. 4%, respectively. There was no difference in the initial endocrinological cure rate between the patients with positive and normal MRI results (90% vs. 87. 8%, P =0. 904). Conclusions Enhanced coronal pituitary MR/ is helpful for preoperative localization of ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenoma. Dynamic enhanced MR/may improve detection rate of microadenoma. There is no marked difference in the surgical results for patients with preoperative MR/results indicating presence or absence of microadenoma.
文摘Myxoid adrenal cortical adenoma is a rare tumor and till now only 9 cases have been presented in the world. We here report another case of myxoid adenoma of the adrenal gland in a 45-year-old Chinese man who was admitted to hospital because of the right adrenal mass and mild hypertension. At surgery, the mass was well-circumscribed, measured 3.3 cm in diameter. Light-microscopic findings showed most of the tumor region with myxoid stroma, and the tumor cells were benign-look- ing. Immunohistochemical study showed the tumor had the positivity for vimentin, synaptophysin, neuron specific endolase but negative with cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. Moreover, it was negative with alpha-inhibin that is not in accordance with those reported. There was no finding corresponding to malignancy.
文摘THE causes of Cushing's syndrome are mainly di- vided into adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) dependent and independent. ACTH dependent hypercortisolism represents excess ACTH se-creting by the pituitary or tumor outside the pituitary; and the latter one is also called as ectopic ACTH syndrome. Thorax is the most common location of causative lesions for ectopic ACTH syndrome, and the size of lesion is too small to be detected in some cases.1' 2 Cryptococcal pneumonia usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and excess cortisol production can theoretically produce a state of immunodeficiency. Development of cryptococcal pneumonia concomitant with Cushing syndrome (CS) was rare. Here, we report a case of pulmonary nodule in a patient with CS differentiated with ectopic ACTH-producing tumor. Crypto- coccal pneumonia was diagnosed followinglung resection.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Municipal Scientific and Technological Innovation Committee:JCYJ 20140408152909270Project of Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Technical Research and Development Fund Conditions and Platform Construction Plan:CXB 201111250113A
文摘Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel on correlative signals of inflammatory response stressinjury-repair in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats. Methods A total of 216 rats were included in the experiment, of which 192 rats were randomly divided into four groups, including sham operation group(group A), model group(group B), governor vessel group(group C), and conception vessel and governor vessel group(group D), 48 rats in each group. The rats in each group were further divided into six sub-groups, including 12 h group, 24 h group, 48 h group, 72 h group, 96 h group and 144 h group. MCAO operation course was simulated in group A, and the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery on the right side were exposed, without insertion of suture or treatment. After completion of modeling in group B, treatment was not conducted. After completion of modeling in group C, "Shuǐgōu(水沟 GV 26)", "Bǎihuì(百会 GV 20)" and "Dàzhuī(大椎 GV 14)" of governor vessel were selected, and electroacupuncture device was connected with "GV 14" and "GV 20". After completion of modeling in group D, "GV 26", "GV 20" and "GV 14" of governor vessel, and "Qìhǎi(气海 CV 6)", "Guānyuán(关元 CV 4)" and "Chéngjiāng(承浆 CV 24)" of conception vessel were selected; electroacupuncture device was connected with "GV 14" and "GV 20", "CV 4" and "CV 6". Neurological severity score was conducted.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was applied to determine the concentration of peripheral serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) of rats, and immunohistochemical method was adopted to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) in brain tissue of rats. The other 24 rats were also randomly divided into four groups mentioned above, 6 rats in each group, to detect cerebral ischemie volume. Results Compared with group B, the ischemia volume in brain tissue at 144 h after cerebral ischemia reperfusion decreased significantly in group C and group D(P〈0.05), and the ischemia volume in group D was less than that in group C(P〈0.05). The neurological impairment scores of group C and group D at all time points were lower than those of group B, and the differences were statistically significant(all P〈0.05). The scores of group D at all time points were lower than those of group C, and the differences since 24 h were statistically significant(all P〈0.05). Compared with group B, the excessive expression of ACTH was suppressed dynamically and generally in group C and group D(P〈0.05); the expression level of TNF-α was down-regulated and TGF-β1 was up-regulated as well in group C and group D(P〈0.05). The effect in group D was superior to that in group C. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at conception vessel and governor vessel can protect brain through the intervention of the expression of correlative signals of inflammatory response stress-injury-repair of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30270625), and Science and Technology Foundation of the Science and Technology Commission of the Shanghai Municipality (No. 06DZ22030).
文摘Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion rfrom a non-pituitary tumor is a main cause of Cushing's syndrome, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although early studies showed that the predominant cause of ectopic Cushing's syndrome is small cell carcinomas of the lungs, the incidence of carcinoid, including thymic carcinoid, has increased substantially in recent surveys) This evidence suggested that the clinical syndrome of ectopic ACTH production only occurs in tumors with high proopiomelanocortin (POMC, the precursor to ACTH) transcripts generated from the start of the pituitary transcription initiation site.2