二甲双胍是一种传统的口服降糖药,临床上普遍用于2型糖尿病的治疗。近年来大量流行病学研究报道二甲双胍能够降低2型糖尿病患者的肿瘤发病率,亦有研究发现二甲双胍能在代谢途径、细胞周期、氧化应激、肿瘤干细胞转化等方面通过激活腺苷...二甲双胍是一种传统的口服降糖药,临床上普遍用于2型糖尿病的治疗。近年来大量流行病学研究报道二甲双胍能够降低2型糖尿病患者的肿瘤发病率,亦有研究发现二甲双胍能在代谢途径、细胞周期、氧化应激、肿瘤干细胞转化等方面通过激活腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(adenosin emonophosphate-activated protein kinase,AMPK)信号通路,从而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长、增殖以及转化。但二甲双胍通过激活AMPK的抗肿瘤机制仍存在着争议,其确切的作用机制有待进一步深入的研究,同时亟需大规模的临床试验来证实。展开更多
Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells,...Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells, termed cancer stem cells （CSCs）, which have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, contribute significantly to tumor progression, recurrence, drug resistance and metastasis. Clarifying the mechanisms regulating breast CSCs has important implications for our understanding of breast cancer progression and therapeutics. A strong connection has been found between breast CSCs and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）. In addition, recent studies suggest that the maintenance of the breast CSC phenotype is associated with epigenetic and metabolic regulation. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries about the connection between EMT and CSC, and advances made in under- standing the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in controlling breast CSC properties.展开更多
文摘二甲双胍是一种传统的口服降糖药,临床上普遍用于2型糖尿病的治疗。近年来大量流行病学研究报道二甲双胍能够降低2型糖尿病患者的肿瘤发病率,亦有研究发现二甲双胍能在代谢途径、细胞周期、氧化应激、肿瘤干细胞转化等方面通过激活腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(adenosin emonophosphate-activated protein kinase,AMPK)信号通路,从而抑制肿瘤细胞的生长、增殖以及转化。但二甲双胍通过激活AMPK的抗肿瘤机制仍存在着争议,其确切的作用机制有待进一步深入的研究,同时亟需大规模的临床试验来证实。
基金supported by the Thousand Young Talents Program of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81472455)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells, termed cancer stem cells （CSCs）, which have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, contribute significantly to tumor progression, recurrence, drug resistance and metastasis. Clarifying the mechanisms regulating breast CSCs has important implications for our understanding of breast cancer progression and therapeutics. A strong connection has been found between breast CSCs and epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）. In addition, recent studies suggest that the maintenance of the breast CSC phenotype is associated with epigenetic and metabolic regulation. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries about the connection between EMT and CSC, and advances made in under- standing the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in controlling breast CSC properties.
