高速铁路铺设CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道地段的路基冻胀限值

我国冻土地区高速铁路分布广泛,路基冻胀对高速铁路无砟轨道结构损伤影响较为突出,危害行车安全。但是目前尚未建立针对铺设CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道地段的路基冻胀控制限值。本文基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论和混凝土塑性损伤理论,考虑混凝土结构损伤和车轨相互作用,建立车辆-无砟轨道-冻胀路基静动力分析模型,分析路基冻胀对CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道结构的损伤和车辆动力性能指标的影响。综合静、动力控制指标,提出一种针对冻胀变形的分级控制限值;分别考虑轨道结构层间离缝和结构损伤、钢轨垂向动位移、乘车舒适性和行车安全性等多项控制指标,将路基冻胀限值划分为5个区域。研究结果表明:路基冻胀作用于轨道板中部时损伤和离缝量出现极值;结构损伤和车辆动力学响应均随波长减小和波峰增大而呈增大趋势,且均对波长的影响更为敏感。可以根据不同分区的冻胀限值保障车辆运营安全,为冻土区无砟轨道养护维修提供参考。

重塑膨胀土三向膨胀变形试验研究

以广西宁明灰白重塑膨胀土为研究对象，运用自制“膨胀土三向胀缩测试仪”开展了不同初始含水率和三向压力的膨胀试验，研究了初始含水率和三向压力对胀限、三向膨胀率的影响规律。试验表明，三向等压时，竖向的膨胀率始终大于水平向膨胀率，比值为1.21～1.27，该比值与初始含水率、三向压力无关；三向膨胀时程均可以分为快速膨胀、缓慢膨胀和趋于稳定3个阶段；胀限与三向压力的对数线性相关，与初始含水率无关；相等初始含水率和干密度条件下，三向膨胀率均与三向压力的对数线性相关。

低黏土矿物含量泥岩有荷膨胀试验研究

现有铁路规范中判定为无膨胀性的低黏土矿物含量泥岩仍具有膨胀性,其遇水之后产生的微弱膨胀对于变形精度要求只有4 mm的高速铁路具有潜在的破坏作用。以一高速铁路地基中的低黏土矿物含量重塑泥岩为研究对象,通过有荷膨胀率试验研究初始含水率、干密度及上覆荷载对膨胀极限状态的影响规律。研究结果表明:在初始含水率与上覆荷载一定的条件下,泥岩的胀限膨胀率随干密度的增大而增大;在干密度与上覆荷载一定的条件下,初始含水率越大,胀限膨胀率越小;在初始含水率与干密度一定的条件下,胀限膨胀率与胀限含水率均随上覆荷载的增大而减小。同时拟合得到了泥岩胀限膨胀率计算公式,验证结果表明胀限膨胀率实测值与公式预估值误差较小,可以采用拟合出的公式对于实际工程中的膨胀进行预测,为工程提供指导。

变单向压力下重塑膨胀土膨胀试验研究

为了研究胀限与变单向压力和初始含水率、三向膨胀率与变单向压力和初始含水率的关系，用“膨胀土三向胀缩测试仪”对广西宁明灰白重塑膨胀土进行了三向等压（27 kPa）的情况下变单向压力（27~164 kPa）的膨胀增湿试验。对试验数据进行拟合、对比分析得出：胀限可与变单向压力的对数进行线性拟合，胀限由三向压力决定，与初始含水率无关；无论水平向压力还是竖直向压力，均会抑制该向的膨胀变形，该向膨胀可与该向压力的对数进行一次线性拟合；三向中任一向加压都会同时促进另外两向膨胀变形，该向压力越大，对另外两向膨胀变形的促进作用越大；相同压力条件下，三向膨胀率均与初始含水率呈一次线性负相关；当竖直向压力为水平向压力的2倍时，各向膨胀率与初始含水率关系曲线基本重合。

有荷条件下膨胀土分级增湿变形特性试验

为符合实际研究膨胀土的增湿体积变形性质,精心设计了测试方案,完成了16组有荷条件下南宁外环膨胀土分级增湿变形试验,获得了土样含水率变化与体积变形间的相互关系。试验结果表明:上覆压力和试样初始含水率越大,其膨胀率随含水率变化的增量曲线越平缓,最终的膨胀率以及含水率增量越小。基于实测增湿变形参数,推导了南宁膨胀土膨胀变形、上覆压力、初始含水率及含水率增量间的关系式,计算了封闭包盖路堤填芯膨胀土湿度变化所引起的路基变形,提出了物理处治膨胀土路堤施工的建议。

Friction coefficient in rubber forming process of Ti-15-3 alloy

The forming limit diagram of Ti-15-3 alloy sheet was constituted at room temperature. The effects of different punch and rubber hardness on the limit principal strain distributions were investigated experimentally. Finite element analysis models of the samples with dimensions of 180 mm×180 mm were established to analyze the friction coefficients of different interfaces. Effects of various friction coefficients on the strain distributions were studied in detail. Finally, the friction coefficients in the cold forming were determined by contrasting the strain results between the experimental data and the simulated ones.

Limit analysis of ultimate uplift capacity and failure mechanism ofshallow plate anchors in multi-layered soils

Considering the fact that in some complex cases,plate anchors are buried in multi-layered geotechnical materials,the ultimate dynamic analysis was performed to investigate the uplift capacity and failure mechanism of shallow strips and circular plate anchors in multi-layered soils.The nonlinear strength criterion and non-associated flow rule of geotechnical materials were introduced to investigate the influence of nonuniformity on the pullout performance and failure mechanism of shallow plate anchors.The expressions of the detaching curves or surfaces were obtained to reflect the failure mechanism,which can be used to figure out the ultimate uplift capacity and failure range.The results are generally in agreement with the numerical simulations and previous research.The effects of various parameters on the ultimate uplift capacity and failure mechanism of plate anchors in multi-layered soils were investigated,and it is found that the ultimate uplift capacity and failure range of shallow anchors increase with the increase of initial cohesion and dilatancy coefficient,but decrease with the unit weight,axial tensile stress and nonlinear coefficient.

Hydraulic bulging process with axial feedings and strain field of U-shaped metal bellows

Based on the traditional hydraulic bulging process,an improved hydraulic bulging process with axial feeding in the bulging process was proposed.The finite element simulation and experiment of bellows formed by the traditional and improved hydraulic bulging processes were conducted.The grid strain measurement system analysis results of strain and wall thickness distribution of the metal bellows,obtained from simulation and experiment,show that the maximum thinning rates of the wall thickness under the traditional and improved processes were 15%and 10%,respectively.And the wall thickness distribution of the metal bellows formed with improved process was more uniform.The strain values from the root to crown of the waveform increased gradually.However,the strain values were smaller than those of traditional process due to the axial feeding of the improved process in bulging process.

Hydration swelling characteristics of needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners

A series of confined swell tests were conducted on a needle-punched geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) with tap water as the hydration medium. The effects of the static confining stress on the swelling characteristics of GCLs and the hydration time under different confining stresses were explored. Increasing the static confining stress led to: shorter hydration time; smaller final GCL height; less final GCL bulk void ratio; smaller final bentonite moisture content. The confined swell pressure determined for the tested GCL was 82.2 kPa, and the relationships between confining stress, final bulk void ratio (or final GCL height, final bentonite moisture content) were attained through the analyses of the confined swell test results in this study.

Constrained sintering and wear properties of Cu-WC composite coatings

Coatings of metal matrix composites(Cu?WC)were fabricated by solid-state sintering.WC reinforcing particles indifferent quantities from5%up to30%(volume fraction)were mixed with Cu particles.After mixing,the powders were poured ontothe surface of copper substrates.Sintering was carried out at1000°C under a reducing atmosphere in a vertical dilatometer.Sinteringkinetics was affected by both rigid substrates and WC particles which retarded the radial and axial densification of powders.However,the coatings were strongly attached to the substrate,and WC particles were randomly distributed within the matrix.The addition ofthe reinforcing particles enhanced the microhardness and reduced the volume loss in wear tests to1/17compared to the unreinforcedsample.The predominant wear mechanism was identified as abrasion at a load of5N.20%WC(volume fraction)reinforcingparticles led to the maximum values of properties for the composite coating.

Geometric Property(T)

This paper discusses "geometric property(T)". This is a property of metric spaces introduced in earlier works of the authors for its applications to K-theory. Geometric property(T) is a strong form of "expansion property", in particular, for a sequence(Xn)of bounded degree finite graphs, it is strictly stronger than(Xn) being an expander in the sense that the Cheeger constants h(Xn) are bounded below.In this paper, the authors show that geometric property(T) is a coarse invariant,i.e., it depends only on the large-scale geometry of a metric space X. The authors also discuss how geometric property(T) interacts with amenability, property(T) for groups,and coarse geometric notions of a-T-menability. In particular, it is shown that property(T) for a residually finite group is characterised by geometric property(T) for its finite quotients.