对基于Fiat New Panda的方背体车身,首先对不同高度和长度离鳍下的整车气动特性进行研究,采用模型风洞试验测量了不同工况下的阻力系数和升力系数,同时采用Star CCM+中k-ε湍流模型进行数值仿真.研究结果表明,离鳍高度覆盖整个C柱时,可...对基于Fiat New Panda的方背体车身,首先对不同高度和长度离鳍下的整车气动特性进行研究,采用模型风洞试验测量了不同工况下的阻力系数和升力系数,同时采用Star CCM+中k-ε湍流模型进行数值仿真.研究结果表明,离鳍高度覆盖整个C柱时,可以有效地降低方背体车身的阻力系数和升力系数;离鳍使流经C柱两侧的气流分离延迟,降低尾流区的湍流强度,降低能量耗散;方背体尾流区得到更多的压力恢复,降低了前后压力差,进而降低车身阻力系数.然后采用验证过的计算方法对不同形状的离鳍进行了数值仿真,发现不同形状的离鳍均可使方背体汽车的气动性能有所提升.但不规则形状离鳍对于汽车尾部气流造成了一定影响,使得其性能表现不如普通矩形的离鳍.展开更多
In order to enhance the reliability of the moving target detection, an adaptive moving target detection algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model is proposed. This algorithm employs Gaussian mixture distributions ...In order to enhance the reliability of the moving target detection, an adaptive moving target detection algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model is proposed. This algorithm employs Gaussian mixture distributions in modeling the background of each pixel. As a result, the number of Gaussian distributions is not fixed but adaptively changes with the change of the pixel value frequency. The pixels of the difference image are divided into two parts according to their values. Then the two parts are separately segmented by the adaptive threshold, and finally the foreground image is obtained. The shadow elimination method based on morphological reconstruction is introduced to improve the performance of foreground image＇s segmentation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can quickly and accurately build the background model and it is more robust in different real scenes.展开更多
Modeling non coding background sequences appropriately is important for the detection of regulatory elements from DNA sequences. Based on the chi square statistic test, some explanations about why to choose higher ...Modeling non coding background sequences appropriately is important for the detection of regulatory elements from DNA sequences. Based on the chi square statistic test, some explanations about why to choose higher order Markov chain model and how to automatically select the proper order are given in this paper. The chi square test is first run on synthetic data sets to show that it can efficiently find the proper order of Markov chain. Using chi square test, distinct higher order context dependences inherent in ten sets of sequences of yeast S.cerevisiae from other literature have been found. So the Markov chain with higher order would be more suitable for modeling the non coding background sequences than an independent model.展开更多
An English-Chinese Dictionary （ 咭唎国译语, Ying Ji Li Guo Yi Yii） and A Portuguese-Chinese Dictionary （播时都噶礼雅话, Bo Lti Duo Ga Li Ya Hua） are reckoned as the coUative dictionaries compiled by the Office of ...An English-Chinese Dictionary （ 咭唎国译语, Ying Ji Li Guo Yi Yii） and A Portuguese-Chinese Dictionary （播时都噶礼雅话, Bo Lti Duo Ga Li Ya Hua） are reckoned as the coUative dictionaries compiled by the Office of Interpreters and Translators （会同四译馆, Hui Tong Si Yi Guan） in Qianlong time （1748）, Qing dynasty. There is only one original manuscript of these books gathered and preserved by the Palace Museum. In the present paper, we intent to introduce the significant value and detailed information of these two official collative dictionaries from social background, process of compilation, and stylistic basis of the book. Meanwhile, we will primarily work out the phonetic principles between Canton dialect and foreign languages also indicate the dialect characteristics after clarifying the faults and errors. The present paper may supply with a rudimentary knowing and resource to the realm of ＂Canton English＂ and ＂Canton Portuguese＂, even to the social status and Chinese dialect in Canton area for certain period. Detailed and specific research, especially for A Portuguese-Chinese Dictionary, still lies for future discovery.展开更多
文摘对基于Fiat New Panda的方背体车身,首先对不同高度和长度离鳍下的整车气动特性进行研究,采用模型风洞试验测量了不同工况下的阻力系数和升力系数,同时采用Star CCM+中k-ε湍流模型进行数值仿真.研究结果表明,离鳍高度覆盖整个C柱时,可以有效地降低方背体车身的阻力系数和升力系数;离鳍使流经C柱两侧的气流分离延迟,降低尾流区的湍流强度,降低能量耗散;方背体尾流区得到更多的压力恢复,降低了前后压力差,进而降低车身阻力系数.然后采用验证过的计算方法对不同形状的离鳍进行了数值仿真,发现不同形状的离鳍均可使方背体汽车的气动性能有所提升.但不规则形状离鳍对于汽车尾部气流造成了一定影响,使得其性能表现不如普通矩形的离鳍.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61172135,61101198)the Aeronautical Foundation of China (No.20115152026)
文摘In order to enhance the reliability of the moving target detection, an adaptive moving target detection algorithm based on the Gaussian mixture model is proposed. This algorithm employs Gaussian mixture distributions in modeling the background of each pixel. As a result, the number of Gaussian distributions is not fixed but adaptively changes with the change of the pixel value frequency. The pixels of the difference image are divided into two parts according to their values. Then the two parts are separately segmented by the adaptive threshold, and finally the foreground image is obtained. The shadow elimination method based on morphological reconstruction is introduced to improve the performance of foreground image＇s segmentation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can quickly and accurately build the background model and it is more robust in different real scenes.
文摘Modeling non coding background sequences appropriately is important for the detection of regulatory elements from DNA sequences. Based on the chi square statistic test, some explanations about why to choose higher order Markov chain model and how to automatically select the proper order are given in this paper. The chi square test is first run on synthetic data sets to show that it can efficiently find the proper order of Markov chain. Using chi square test, distinct higher order context dependences inherent in ten sets of sequences of yeast S.cerevisiae from other literature have been found. So the Markov chain with higher order would be more suitable for modeling the non coding background sequences than an independent model.
文摘An English-Chinese Dictionary （ 咭唎国译语, Ying Ji Li Guo Yi Yii） and A Portuguese-Chinese Dictionary （播时都噶礼雅话, Bo Lti Duo Ga Li Ya Hua） are reckoned as the coUative dictionaries compiled by the Office of Interpreters and Translators （会同四译馆, Hui Tong Si Yi Guan） in Qianlong time （1748）, Qing dynasty. There is only one original manuscript of these books gathered and preserved by the Palace Museum. In the present paper, we intent to introduce the significant value and detailed information of these two official collative dictionaries from social background, process of compilation, and stylistic basis of the book. Meanwhile, we will primarily work out the phonetic principles between Canton dialect and foreign languages also indicate the dialect characteristics after clarifying the faults and errors. The present paper may supply with a rudimentary knowing and resource to the realm of ＂Canton English＂ and ＂Canton Portuguese＂, even to the social status and Chinese dialect in Canton area for certain period. Detailed and specific research, especially for A Portuguese-Chinese Dictionary, still lies for future discovery.
